قادوس

From Ancient Greek κάδος (kádos). The form قَدَس (qadas), anciently used in the Ḥijāz and thence exported to Northwestern Arabic, came via Aramaic – Classical Syriac ܩܱܕܣܴܐ (qadsā, qaddəsā).

• IPA^(key): /qaː.duːs/

قَادُوس • (qādūs) m (plural قَوَادِيس (qawādīs))

1. skep, scoop, kibble, bucket, dipper (for a well or a mill or for irrigation or an excavator or whatever)

   Alternative form: قَدَس (qadas)

   • a. 1000, المقدسي, edited by Michael Jan de Goeje, أحسن التقاسيم في معرفة الأقاليم [ʾaḥsan at-taqāsīm fī maʿrifa al-ʾaqālīm] (Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum; 3)‎, Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1877, 1906, page 208 line 8:

     والقادوس كوز الدولاب

     And bucket is the dipper of a water-wheel.

2. pipe, conduit, duct, for example such as affiliated to the buckets or scoops of a waterwheel for irrigation
   • 977, أبو القاسم بن حوقل, edited by Michael Jan de Goeje, كتاب مسالك والممالك [kitāb masālik wa-l-mamālik] (Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum; 2)‎, Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1873, pages 86 line 14–15:

     ويحيط بالبلد عيون غيرها مشهورة ينتفع بمياهها كالقادوس

     And one finds in the environs of the town other famed springs the water of which is employed as irrigation’s wellhead.

   • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, Cap. 15, page 308:
     with emendations Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “قادوس”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 314
   • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, Cap. 15, page 656:
3. a hopper, as that of an industrial machine.
4. (obsolete) a kind of ship or barge

   Alternative form: قَادِس (qādis)

   • a. 608, by زُهَيْر بِن أَبِي سُلْمَى (zuhayr bin ʔabī sulmā)

     إِذَا تَرَامَت بِهَا الدَيْمُومَةُ الْجَدَدُ / عَوْمَ الْقَوَادِسِ قَفَّى الْأَرْدَمُونَ بِهَا / إِذَا تَرَامَى بِهَا الْمُغْلَوْلِبُ الزَبِدُ / بِفِتْيَةٍ كَسُيُوفِ الْهِنْدِ يَبْعَثُهُم

     ʔiḏā tarāmat bi-hā d-daymūmatu l-jadadu / ʕawma l-qawādisi qaffā l-ʔardamūna bi-hā / ʔiḏā tarāmā bi-hā l-muḡlawlibu z-zabidu / bi-fityatin ka-suyūfi l-hindi yabʕaṯu-hum

     When the wasteland of the hard soil was reached / by floating in the barges, they put up behind them the foresail / And when the luxuriance of foam / hit the young men, it sent them forth like Indian swords.

• → Catalan: alcaduf, caduf
• → Galician: alcatruz
• → Portuguese: alcatruz
  • → Spanish: alcatruz
• → Sicilian: catusu
  • → Maltese: katusa
• → Spanish: alcaduz, arcaduz, cadufo, arcanduz

• Ibn Ḵātima (a. 1369) “Un document nouveau sur l’arabe dialectal d’Occident au XII^e siècle = إيراد اللآل من إنشاد الضوال [ʾīrad l-laʾāl min ʾinšād aḍ-ḍawāl]”, in G. S. Colin, editor, Hespéris‎, volume 12, number 1, published 1931, page 27
• Corriente, Federico (2008) “قادوس”, in Dictionary of Arabic and Allied Loanwords. Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Galician and Kindred Dialects (Handbook of Oriental Studies; 97), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 71–72
• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “قادوس”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 314
• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne, Engelmann, Wilhelm Hermann (1869) Glossaire des mots espagnols et portugais, dérivés de l’arabe‎ (in French), 2^nd edition, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 78
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 219
• Freytag, Georg (1835) “قادوس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 408
• Garosi, Eugenio (2022 December 1) “Regional Diversity in the Use of Administrative Loanwords in Early Islamic Arabic Documentary Sources (632–800 CE): A Preliminary Survey”, in Egypt and the Eastern Mediterranean World. From Constantinople to Baghdad, 500-1000 CE, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, page 417
• Michael Jan de Goeje, editor (1879), Indices, glossarium et addenda et emendanda ad part. I–III (Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum; 7)‎ (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1879, page 321
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “قادوس”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 688
• Vollers, Karl (1897) “Beiträge zur Kenntniss der lebenden arabischen Sprache in Aegypten”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 51, page 300
• Wahrmund, Adolf (1887) “قادوس”, in Handwörterbuch der neu-arabischen und deutschen Sprache‎ (in German), volume 2, Gießen: J. Ricker’sche Buchhandlung, page 446
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “قادوس”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 993

From Arabic قَادُوس (qādūs).

• IPA^(key): /qaː.duːs/

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قادوس • (qādūs) m (plural قوادس (qwādis))

1. pipe, conduit, drain