ظلم
Arabic
Verb
ظَلَمَ • (ẓalama) I, non-past يَظْلِمُ (yaẓlimu)
- to wrong, to treat unjustly, to oppress
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 42:42:
- إِنَّمَا السَّبِيلُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ يَظْلِمُونَ النَّاسَ وَيَبْغُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
- ʔinnamā s-sabīlu ʕalā allaḏīna yaẓlimūna an-nāsa wayabḡūna fī l-ʔarḍi biḡayri l-ḥaqqi ʔulāʔika lahum ʕaḏābun ʔalīmun
- Indeed, the blame lieth only upon those ones who oppress [their fellow] Man, and who are insolent throughout the earth without any right whatsoever. They are those for whom a punishment most painful [will suffice].
Conjugation
Conjugation of
ظَلَمَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns ظَلْم or ظُلْم or مَظْلِمَة or مَظْلَمَة or ظِلَام)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
ẓalm or ẓulm or maẓlima or maẓlama or ẓilām | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ẓālim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maẓlūm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ẓalamtu |
ẓalamta |
ẓalama |
ظَلَمْتُمَا ẓalamtumā |
ظَلَمَا ẓalamā |
ẓalamnā |
ẓalamtum |
ẓalamū | |||
f | ẓalamti |
ẓalamat |
ظَلَمَتَا ẓalamatā |
ẓalamtunna |
ẓalamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaẓlimu |
taẓlimu |
yaẓlimu |
تَظْلِمَانِ taẓlimāni |
يَظْلِمَانِ yaẓlimāni |
naẓlimu |
taẓlimūna |
yaẓlimūna | |||
f | taẓlimīna |
taẓlimu |
تَظْلِمَانِ taẓlimāni |
taẓlimna |
yaẓlimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaẓlima |
taẓlima |
yaẓlima |
تَظْلِمَا taẓlimā |
يَظْلِمَا yaẓlimā |
naẓlima |
taẓlimū |
yaẓlimū | |||
f | taẓlimī |
taẓlima |
تَظْلِمَا taẓlimā |
taẓlimna |
yaẓlimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaẓlim |
taẓlim |
yaẓlim |
تَظْلِمَا taẓlimā |
يَظْلِمَا yaẓlimā |
naẓlim |
taẓlimū |
yaẓlimū | |||
f | taẓlimī |
taẓlim |
تَظْلِمَا taẓlimā |
taẓlimna |
yaẓlimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iẓlim |
اِظْلِمَا iẓlimā |
iẓlimū |
||||||||
f | iẓlimī |
iẓlimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ẓulimtu |
ẓulimta |
ẓulima |
ظُلِمْتُمَا ẓulimtumā |
ظُلِمَا ẓulimā |
ẓulimnā |
ẓulimtum |
ẓulimū | |||
f | ẓulimti |
ẓulimat |
ظُلِمَتَا ẓulimatā |
ẓulimtunna |
ẓulimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuẓlamu |
tuẓlamu |
yuẓlamu |
تُظْلَمَانِ tuẓlamāni |
يُظْلَمَانِ yuẓlamāni |
nuẓlamu |
tuẓlamūna |
yuẓlamūna | |||
f | tuẓlamīna |
tuẓlamu |
تُظْلَمَانِ tuẓlamāni |
tuẓlamna |
yuẓlamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuẓlama |
tuẓlama |
yuẓlama |
تُظْلَمَا tuẓlamā |
يُظْلَمَا yuẓlamā |
nuẓlama |
tuẓlamū |
yuẓlamū | |||
f | tuẓlamī |
tuẓlama |
تُظْلَمَا tuẓlamā |
tuẓlamna |
yuẓlamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuẓlam |
tuẓlam |
yuẓlam |
تُظْلَمَا tuẓlamā |
يُظْلَمَا yuẓlamā |
nuẓlam |
tuẓlamū |
yuẓlamū | |||
f | tuẓlamī |
tuẓlam |
تُظْلَمَا tuẓlamā |
tuẓlamna |
yuẓlamna |
References
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “ظلم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
Conjugation
Conjugation of
ظَلِمَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun ظَلَم)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ẓalam | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ẓālim | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ẓalimtu |
ẓalimta |
ẓalima |
ظَلِمْتُمَا ẓalimtumā |
ظَلِمَا ẓalimā |
ẓalimnā |
ẓalimtum |
ẓalimū | |||
f | ẓalimti |
ẓalimat |
ظَلِمَتَا ẓalimatā |
ẓalimtunna |
ẓalimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaẓlamu |
taẓlamu |
yaẓlamu |
تَظْلَمَانِ taẓlamāni |
يَظْلَمَانِ yaẓlamāni |
naẓlamu |
taẓlamūna |
yaẓlamūna | |||
f | taẓlamīna |
taẓlamu |
تَظْلَمَانِ taẓlamāni |
taẓlamna |
yaẓlamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaẓlama |
taẓlama |
yaẓlama |
تَظْلَمَا taẓlamā |
يَظْلَمَا yaẓlamā |
naẓlama |
taẓlamū |
yaẓlamū | |||
f | taẓlamī |
taẓlama |
تَظْلَمَا taẓlamā |
taẓlamna |
yaẓlamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaẓlam |
taẓlam |
yaẓlam |
تَظْلَمَا taẓlamā |
يَظْلَمَا yaẓlamā |
naẓlam |
taẓlamū |
yaẓlamū | |||
f | taẓlamī |
taẓlam |
تَظْلَمَا taẓlamā |
taẓlamna |
yaẓlamna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iẓlam |
اِظْلَمَا iẓlamā |
iẓlamū |
||||||||
f | iẓlamī |
iẓlamna |
Conjugation
Conjugation of
ظَلَّمَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَظْلِيم taẓlīm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muẓallim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muẓallam | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ẓallamtu |
ẓallamta |
ẓallama |
ظَلَّمْتُمَا ẓallamtumā |
ظَلَّمَا ẓallamā |
ẓallamnā |
ẓallamtum |
ẓallamū | |||
f | ẓallamti |
ẓallamat |
ظَلَّمَتَا ẓallamatā |
ẓallamtunna |
ẓallamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuẓallimu |
tuẓallimu |
yuẓallimu |
تُظَلِّمَانِ tuẓallimāni |
يُظَلِّمَانِ yuẓallimāni |
nuẓallimu |
tuẓallimūna |
yuẓallimūna | |||
f | tuẓallimīna |
tuẓallimu |
تُظَلِّمَانِ tuẓallimāni |
tuẓallimna |
yuẓallimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuẓallima |
tuẓallima |
yuẓallima |
تُظَلِّمَا tuẓallimā |
يُظَلِّمَا yuẓallimā |
nuẓallima |
tuẓallimū |
yuẓallimū | |||
f | tuẓallimī |
tuẓallima |
تُظَلِّمَا tuẓallimā |
tuẓallimna |
yuẓallimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuẓallim |
tuẓallim |
yuẓallim |
تُظَلِّمَا tuẓallimā |
يُظَلِّمَا yuẓallimā |
nuẓallim |
tuẓallimū |
yuẓallimū | |||
f | tuẓallimī |
tuẓallim |
تُظَلِّمَا tuẓallimā |
tuẓallimna |
yuẓallimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ẓallim |
ظَلِّمَا ẓallimā |
ẓallimū |
||||||||
f | ظَلِّمِي ẓallimī |
ẓallimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ẓullimtu |
ẓullimta |
ẓullima |
ظُلِّمْتُمَا ẓullimtumā |
ظُلِّمَا ẓullimā |
ẓullimnā |
ẓullimtum |
ẓullimū | |||
f | ẓullimti |
ẓullimat |
ظُلِّمَتَا ẓullimatā |
ẓullimtunna |
ẓullimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuẓallamu |
tuẓallamu |
yuẓallamu |
تُظَلَّمَانِ tuẓallamāni |
يُظَلَّمَانِ yuẓallamāni |
nuẓallamu |
tuẓallamūna |
yuẓallamūna | |||
f | tuẓallamīna |
tuẓallamu |
تُظَلَّمَانِ tuẓallamāni |
tuẓallamna |
yuẓallamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuẓallama |
tuẓallama |
yuẓallama |
تُظَلَّمَا tuẓallamā |
يُظَلَّمَا yuẓallamā |
nuẓallama |
tuẓallamū |
yuẓallamū | |||
f | tuẓallamī |
tuẓallama |
تُظَلَّمَا tuẓallamā |
tuẓallamna |
yuẓallamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuẓallam |
tuẓallam |
yuẓallam |
تُظَلَّمَا tuẓallamā |
يُظَلَّمَا yuẓallamā |
nuẓallam |
tuẓallamū |
yuẓallamū | |||
f | tuẓallamī |
tuẓallam |
تُظَلَّمَا tuẓallamā |
tuẓallamna |
yuẓallamna |
Noun
ظُلْم • (ẓulm) m
- verbal noun of ظَلَمَ (ẓalama) (form I)
- wrong, wrongdoing, injustice, injuriousness, tyranny
Declension
Declension of noun ظُلْم (ẓulm)
Synonyms
- جَوْر (jawr)
Descendants
References
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “ظلم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
Declension
Declension of noun ظَلْم (ẓalm)
Hijazi Arabic
Root |
---|
ظ ل م |
1 term |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /zˤa.lam/, /ðˤa.lam/
Conjugation
Conjugation of ظلم (ẓalam) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | ظلمت (ẓalamt) | ظلمت (ẓalamt) | ظلم (ẓalam) | ظلمنا (ẓalamna) | ظلمتوا (ẓalamtu) | ظلموا (ẓalamu) | |
f | ظلمتي (ẓalamti) | ظلمت (ẓalamat) | ||||||
non-past | m | أظلم (ʔaẓlum) | تظلم (tiẓlum) | يظلم (yiẓlum) | نظلم (niẓlum) | تظلموا (tiẓlumu) | يظلموا (yiẓlumu) | |
f | تظلمي (tiẓlumi) | تظلم (tiẓlum) | ||||||
imperative | m | اظلم (aẓlum) | اظلموا (aẓlumu) | |||||
f | اظلمي (aẓlumi) |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dˤal.lam/, /ðˤal.lam/
Conjugation
Conjugation of ظلم (ḍallam) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | ظلمت (ḍallamt) | ظلمت (ḍallamt) | ظلم (ḍallam) | ظلمنا (ḍallamna) | ظلمتوا (ḍallamtu) | ظلموا (ḍallamu) | |
f | ظلمتي (ḍallamti) | ظلمت (ḍallamat) | ||||||
non-past | m | أظلم (ʔaḍallim) | تظلم (tiḍallim) | يظلم (yiḍallim) | نظلم (niḍallim) | تظلموا (tiḍallimu) | يظلموا (yiḍallimu) | |
f | تظلمي (tiḍallimi) | تظلم (tiḍallim) | ||||||
imperative | m | ظلم (ḍallim) | ظلموا (ḍallimu) | |||||
f | ظلمي (ḍallimi) |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /zˤulm/, /ðˤulm/
South Levantine Arabic
Root |
---|
ظ ل م |
1 term |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /zˤa.lam/, [ˈzˤɑ.lɑm]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Verb
ظلم • (ẓalam) I (present بظلم (boẓlom), passive participle مظلوم (maẓlūm))
Conjugation
Conjugation of ظلم (ẓalam) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | ظلمت (ẓalamt) | ظلمت (ẓalamt) | ظلم (ẓalam) | ظلمنا (ẓalamna) | ظلمتو (ẓalamtu) | ظلمو (ẓalamu) | |
f | ظلمتي (ẓalamti) | ظلمت (ẓalmat) | ||||||
present | m | بظلم (baẓlom) | بتظلم (btoẓlom) | بظلم (boẓlom) | منظلم (mnoẓlom) | بتظلمو (btoẓlomu) | بظلمو (boẓlomu) | |
f | بتظلمي (btoẓlomi) | بتظلم (btoẓlom) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | أظلم (ʔaẓlom) | تظلم (toẓlom) | يظلم (yoẓlom) | نظلم (noẓlom) | تظلمو (toẓlomu) | يظلمو (yoẓlomu) | |
f | تظلمي (toẓlomi) | تظلم (toẓlom) | ||||||
imperative | m | اظلم (oẓlom) | اظلمو (oẓlomu) | |||||
f | اظلمي (oẓlomi) |
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm, “injustice”) (through Classical Persian ظلم (zulm)).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /zʊlm/
- Rhymes: -ʊlm
Noun
ظُلْم • (zulm) m (Hindi spelling ज़ुल्म)
- wrongdoing, misdeed, injustice
- Synonym: ناانصافی (nāinsāfī)
- tyranny, oppression
- Synonym: جبر (jabr)
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