شهد

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ش ه د (š-h-d)

Verb

شَهِدَ • (šahida) I, non-past يَشْهَدُ‎ (yašhadu)

  1. to witness, to be a witness
  2. to experience personally, to see with one’s own eyes
  3. to be present, to attend, to be around
  4. to see
Conjugation

Verb

شَهِدَ • (šahida) I, non-past يَشْهَدُ‎ (yašhadu)

  1. to testify, to bear witness, to give testimony, to give evidence
    شَهِدَ الشَّاهِدُ بِالحَقِّ أَمَامَ القَاضِي.
    šahida š-šāhidu bi-l-ḥaqqi ʔamāma l-qāḍī.
    The witness testified to the truth in front of the judge.
  2. to attest, to confirm, to certify
  3. to witness (a signature)
  4. to acknowledge, to adjudge
Conjugation
Derived terms
  • وَشَهِدَ شَاهِدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا (wašahida šāhidun min ʔahlihā)

Etymology 2

From ش ه د (š-h-d), uncertain sense, perhaps from likening the honeycombs to the graves of martyrs or the swarming of people at such shrines like bees swarm around a hive; see مشهد. Otherwise from the mucus that covers a fetus at birth; the meaning of birth is extended from the "being around" or "being present" of verb form I.

Noun

شَهْد or شُهْد • (šahd or šuhd) m (plural شِهَاد (šihād))

  1. honey especially still in the honeycomb
    Synonym: عَسَل (ʕasal)
    • 13th century, Saʿdī aš-Šīrāzī, دیوان سعدی [Dīwān of Saʿdī]:
      فَكَمْ تُمَرِّرُ عَيْشِي وَأَنْتَ حامِلُ شَهْدٍ
      fakam tumarriru ʕayšī waʔanta ḥāmilu šahdin
      And how much you make my life bitter and [although] you are a carrier of honey
  2. honeycomb
  3. melon, cantaloupe
  4. nectar
  5. (figuratively) anything pleasant
  6. (figuratively, from stickiness) semen, menstruation
Declension
Descendants
  • Persian: شَهْد (šahd)
    • Hindi: शहद (śahad)
    • Urdu: شہد

Adjective

شُهَّد • (šuhhad) m pl

  1. masculine plural of شَاهِد (šāhid)

References

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَهْد (šahd).

Pronunciation

 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʃäɦd̪]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ʃɑːd̪]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ʃɔːd̪̥]

Readings
Classical reading? šahd
Dari reading? šahd
Iranian reading? šahd
Tajik reading? šahd

Noun

شهد • (šahd)

  1. nectar (in the flower, before bees make it into honey)
  2. (archaic) honey
    Synonyms: عسل (asal), انگبین (angabin)
  3. (figurative) something sweet
    • c. 1380, Jahān Malik Khātūn, “Ghazal 265”, in دیوان جهان [Divān-i Jahān]:
      ای دل چو جهان به کام ما نیست
      شهباز وفا به دام ما نیست
      وز شهد وصال آن دلارام
      جز زهر جفا به جام ما نیست
      ay dil čū jahān ba kām-i mā nēst
      šahbāz-i wafā ba dām-i mā nēst
      w-az šahd-i wisāl-i ān dilārām
      juz zahr-i jafā ba jām-i mā nēst
      O heart! Since the world is not as we would wish it,
      The falcon of loyalty is not in our snare,
      And from the honey of reunion with that heart-soothing one,
      There is nothing but the venom of torment in our cup.
      (Classical Persian romanization)

Descendants

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