زندان

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Classical Persian زندان (zindān).

Noun

زندان • (zından, zindan)

  1. jail, prison, dungeon
    Synonyms: حبس (haps, hapis), قفس (kafes)

Descendants
  • Turkish: zindan
  • → Albanian: zindan
  • → Aromanian: zindáne, zundáne, zãndáne
  • → Bulgarian: занда́н (zandán)
  • → Macedonian: зандана (zandana)
  • → Romanian: zandán
  • → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: зѝнда̄н
    Latin script: zìndān

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (zyndʾn' /⁠zēndān⁠/, “prison”). Ultimate origin uncertain. Perhaps originally "arsenal, armoury", from [Book Pahlavi needed] (zyn' /⁠zēn⁠/, “weapon, armour”) and [script needed] (-dʾn' /⁠-dān⁠/, “holder, container”).

Compare Old Armenian զնդան (zndan), Classical Syriac ܙܢܕܢܝܩ (zendānīq), Iranian borrowings.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [zɪn̪.d̪ɑ́ːn]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [zɪn̪.d̪ɑ́ːn]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [zin̪.d̪ɔ́ːn]

Readings
Classical reading? zindān
Dari reading? zindān
Iranian reading? zendân
Tajik reading? zindon
  • Rhymes: -ân

Noun
Dari زندان
Iranian Persian
Tajik зиндон

زِندان • (zendân)

  1. jail, prison
    مردی که از خانم مینا درخواست کرد دکلته را بپوشاند الان در زندان است. ― The man who requested Ms. Mina to cover her décolletage now sits in prison.

Descendants
  • → Azerbaijani: zindan
  • → Kazakh: зындан (zyndan)
  • → Middle Armenian: զնտան (zntan)
  • → Northern Kurdish: zindan, zîndan
  • → Ossetian: зындон (zyndon), зиндонӕ (zindonæ), дзиндонӕ (ʒindonæ)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: زندان (zından, zindan)
  • → Uyghur: زىندان (zindan)

Further reading
  • Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 151
  • Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, § 671, page 149

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian زندان (zindān).

Noun

زِندان • (zindān) m (Hindi spelling ज़िंदान)

  1. dungeon, prison, jail
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