زغال

Khalaj

Noun

زُغال (zuğâl) (definite accusative زُغالؽ, plural زُغاللار)

  1. Arabic spelling of zuğâl (“coal”)

Declension
Declension of زغال
singular plural
nominative زغال زغاللار
genitive زغالؽݧ زغاللارؽݧ
dative زغالقا زغاللارقا
definite accusative زغالؽ زغاللارؽ
locative زغالچا زغاللارچا
ablative زغالدا زغاللاردا
instrumental زغاللا زغاللارلا
equative زغالوارا زغاللاروارا

Persian

Alternative forms
  • زگال (zogâl), ژگال (žogâl), ذغال (zoğâl), سکار (sekâr), سگار (segâr), زکار (zekâr), زکال (zakâl)

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Iranian *jar-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ar-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵwelH- (“to burn, shine”). Compare Proto-Germanic *kulą (“coal”), Irish gual (“coal”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [zʊ.ɣɑ́ːl]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [zʊ.ɣɑ́ːl]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [zu.ɣɔ́ːl̥]

Readings
Classical reading? zuğāl
Dari reading? zuğāl
Iranian reading? zoğâl
Tajik reading? zuġol

Noun
Dari زغال
Iranian Persian
Tajik зуғол

زغال • (zoğâl) (plural زغال‌ها (zoğâl-hâ))

  1. coal
  2. charcoal
  3. (literary or poetic) black, dark
  4. dogwood, cornel
    Synonym: قرانیا (qarâniyâ)

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → Arabic: زُوقَال (zūqāl)
  • → Azerbaijani: zoğal
    • → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܙܘܓܠ f (zoġal)
  • → Khalaj: zuğâl
  • → Northern Kurdish: zuẍal
  • → Middle Armenian: զողալ (zoġal), զղալ (zġal)
    • Armenian: զողալ (zoġal), զուղալ (zuġal)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: زغال (zuğal)
    • Turkish: zağal;zanğal, zaval;zavrak;zoğal;zonğal;zoval;zuğal;zuhal;zuval
  • → Udi: зокъал (zoq̇al)

References
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “զողալ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 104a
  • Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 104
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “زغال”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
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