راج

See also: راح and زاح

Arabic

Etymology
Root
ر و ج (r-w-j)

Back-formation from رَوَاج (rawāj).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /raː.d͡ʒa/

Verb

رَاجَ • (rāja) I, non-past يَرُوجُ‎ (yarūju)

  1. to have currency, to circulate, to sell well, to be in demand, to burgeon, to be buoyant

Conjugation
Conjugation of
رَاجَ
(form-I hollow, verbal noun رَوَاج)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
rawāj
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
رَائِج

rāʔij
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد		 dual
الْمُثَنَّى		 plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم		 2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب		 3rd person
الْغَائِب		 2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب		 3rd person
الْغَائِب		 1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم		 2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب		 3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي		 m
rujtu
rujta
rāja
رُجْتُمَا

rujtumā
rājā
رُجْنَا

rujnā
رُجْتُمْ

rujtum
رَاجُوا

rājū
f
rujti
رَاجَتْ

rājat
رَاجَتَا

rājatā
رُجْتُنَّ

rujtunna
رُجْنَ

rujna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع		 m
أَرُوجُ

ʔarūju
تَرُوجُ

tarūju
يَرُوجُ

yarūju
تَرُوجَانِ

tarūjāni
يَرُوجَانِ

yarūjāni
نَرُوجُ

narūju
تَرُوجُونَ

tarūjūna
يَرُوجُونَ

yarūjūna
f
تَرُوجِينَ

tarūjīna
تَرُوجُ

tarūju
تَرُوجَانِ

tarūjāni
تَرُجْنَ

tarujna
يَرُجْنَ

yarujna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب		 m
أَرُوجَ

ʔarūja
تَرُوجَ

tarūja
يَرُوجَ

yarūja
تَرُوجَا

tarūjā
يَرُوجَا

yarūjā
نَرُوجَ

narūja
تَرُوجُوا

tarūjū
يَرُوجُوا

yarūjū
f
تَرُوجِي

tarūjī
تَرُوجَ

tarūja
تَرُوجَا

tarūjā
تَرُجْنَ

tarujna
يَرُجْنَ

yarujna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم		 m
ʔaruj
taruj
yaruj
تَرُوجَا

tarūjā
يَرُوجَا

yarūjā
naruj
تَرُوجُوا

tarūjū
يَرُوجُوا

yarūjū
f
تَرُوجِي

tarūjī
taruj
تَرُوجَا

tarūjā
تَرُجْنَ

tarujna
يَرُجْنَ

yarujna
imperative
الْأَمْر		 m
ruj
رُوجَا

rūjā
رُوجُوا

rūjū
f
رُوجِي

rūjī
رُجْنَ

rujna

Malay

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Sanskrit राजन् (rājan), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-.

Pronunciation

Noun

راج (Rumi spelling raja, plural راج٢)

  1. king (a male of a royal family who is the supreme ruler of his nation)
  2. (chess) king (a playing piece in chess)

Synonyms

See also
Chess pieces in Malay · buah catur
بواه چاتور (layout · text)
♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
raja, syah
راج, شاه		 menteri
منتري		 tir, benteng
تير, بينتيڠ		 gajah,
ݢاجه		 kuda,
کودا		 bidak, piadak, pion
بيدق, ڤيادق, ڤيون

Persian

Alternative forms
  • رهاج (rahâj)

Etymology

Probably from Ancient Greek ῥάξ (rháx).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [rɑːd͡ʒ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [rɑːd͡ʒ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [rɔːd͡ʒ̥]

Readings
Classical reading? rāj
Dari reading? rāj
Iranian reading? râj
Tajik reading? roj

Noun

راج • (râj)

  1. holly

Punjabi

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀭𑀚𑁆𑀚 (rajja), from Sanskrit राज्य (rājya, “royalty, kingdom, realm”).

Pronunciation

Noun

راج • (rāj) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਰਾਜ)

  1. rule; government; sovereignty
  2. ruler; monarch; monarchy
  3. kingdom; empire; state
  4. rule; reign (ie. time of reign)

Declension
Declension of راج
dir. sg. راج (rāj)
dir. pl. راج (rāj)
singular plural
direct راج (rāj) راج (rāj)
oblique راج (rāj) راجاں (rājāṉ)
vocative راجا (rājā) راجو (rājo)
ablative راجوں (rājoṉ) —
locative راجے (rāje) راجِیں (rājīṉ)
instrumental راجے (rāje) راجِیں (rājīṉ)

Further reading
  • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “راج”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
  • “ਰਾਜ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “rājyá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 619

Urdu

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit राज्य (rājya, “royalty, kingdom, realm”).

Noun

راج • (rāj) m (Hindi spelling राज)

  1. royalty, kingship
  2. reign, rule
    ہندستان میں برطانوی راج ― Hindustān mẽ Bartānvī rāj ― British rule in Hindustan/India
  3. kingdom, empire, state
  4. monarchy, sovereignty
  5. government, administration
Synonyms

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit राजन् (rājan, “king, sovereign, prince”).

Noun

راج • (rāj) m (Hindi spelling राज)

  1. mason
  2. builder

Prefix

راجـ • (rāj-) (Hindi spelling -राज)

  1. A prefix which forms a large number of compound words and carries an adjectival meaning of the king or of the state (e.g., راجکر (rāj-kar) royal tribute, tax, راجدوت (rāj-dūt) royal emissary, ambassador, راجبھاشا (rāj-bhāṣā) national language, راجنیتی (rāj-nīti) politics), etc.
Derived terms
Urdu terms prefixed with راجـ

Suffix

ـراج • (-rāj) (Hindi spelling राज-)

  1. A suffix which forms compound words and carries the meaning king or chief (e.g., مہاراج (mahā-rāj) great king, maharaja).
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