جاهل

Arabic
Root
ج ه ل (j-h-l)

Etymology

Derived from the active participle of جَهِلَ (jahila, “to be ignorant”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /d͡ʒaː.hil/
  • Rhymes: -il

Adjective

جَاهِل • (jāhil) (feminine جَاهِلَة (jāhila), common plural جُهَّل (juhhal), masculine plural جَاهِلُون (jāhilūn) or جُهَّال (juhhāl) or جُهَلَاء (juhalāʔ) or جَهَلَة (jahala), feminine plural جَاهِلَات (jāhilāt) or جَوَاهِل (jawāhil), elative أَجْهَل (ʔajhal))

  1. ignorant, uneducated
  2. foolish
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 25:63:
      وَعِبَادُ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلَّذِينَ يَمْشُونَ عَلَى ٱلْأَرْضِ هَوْنًا وَإِذَا خَاطَبَهُمُ ٱلْجَـٰهِلُونَ قَالُوا سَلَٰمًا
      waʕibādu r-raḥmāni llaḏīna yamšūna ʕalā l-ʔarḍi hawnan waʔiḏā ḵāṭabahumu l-jāhilūna qālū salāman
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension
Declension of adjective جَاهِل (jāhil)
Singular Masculine Feminine
basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal جَاهِل
jāhil		 الْجَاهِل
al-jāhil		 جَاهِلَة
jāhila		 الْجَاهِلَة
al-jāhila
Nominative جَاهِلٌ
jāhilun		 الْجَاهِلُ
al-jāhilu		 جَاهِلَةٌ
jāhilatun		 الْجَاهِلَةُ
al-jāhilatu
Accusative جَاهِلًا
jāhilan		 الْجَاهِلَ
al-jāhila		 جَاهِلَةً
jāhilatan		 الْجَاهِلَةَ
al-jāhilata
Genitive جَاهِلٍ
jāhilin		 الْجَاهِلِ
al-jāhili		 جَاهِلَةٍ
jāhilatin		 الْجَاهِلَةِ
al-jāhilati
Dual Masculine Feminine
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal جَاهِلَيْن
jāhilayn		 الْجَاهِلَيْن
al-jāhilayn		 جَاهِلَتَيْن
jāhilatayn		 الْجَاهِلَتَيْن
al-jāhilatayn
Nominative جَاهِلَانِ
jāhilāni		 الْجَاهِلَانِ
al-jāhilāni		 جَاهِلَتَانِ
jāhilatāni		 الْجَاهِلَتَانِ
al-jāhilatāni
Accusative جَاهِلَيْنِ
jāhilayni		 الْجَاهِلَيْنِ
al-jāhilayni		 جَاهِلَتَيْنِ
jāhilatayni		 الْجَاهِلَتَيْنِ
al-jāhilatayni
Genitive جَاهِلَيْنِ
jāhilayni		 الْجَاهِلَيْنِ
al-jāhilayni		 جَاهِلَتَيْنِ
jāhilatayni		 الْجَاهِلَتَيْنِ
al-jāhilatayni
Plural Masculine Feminine
sound masculine plural‎; basic broken plural triptote‎; basic broken plural diptote‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural diptote‎; basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal جَاهِلِين‎; جُهَّال‎; جُهَلَاء‎; جَهَلَة‎; جُهَّل
jāhilīn‎; juhhāl‎; juhalāʔ‎; jahala‎; juhhal		 الْجَاهِلِين‎; الْجُهَّال‎; الْجُهَلَاء‎; الْجَهَلَة‎; الْجُهَّل
al-jāhilīn‎; al-juhhāl‎; al-juhalāʔ‎; al-jahala‎; al-juhhal		 جَاهِلَات‎; جَوَاهِل‎; جُهَّل
jāhilāt‎; jawāhil‎; juhhal		 الْجَاهِلَات‎; الْجَوَاهِل‎; الْجُهَّل
al-jāhilāt‎; al-jawāhil‎; al-juhhal
Nominative جَاهِلُونَ‎; جُهَّالٌ‎; جُهَلَاءُ‎; جَهَلَةٌ‎; جُهَّلٌ
jāhilūna‎; juhhālun‎; juhalāʔu‎; jahalatun‎; juhhalun		 الْجَاهِلُونَ‎; الْجُهَّالُ‎; الْجُهَلَاءُ‎; الْجَهَلَةُ‎; الْجُهَّلُ
al-jāhilūna‎; al-juhhālu‎; al-juhalāʔu‎; al-jahalatu‎; al-juhhalu		 جَاهِلَاتٌ‎; جَوَاهِلُ‎; جُهَّلٌ
jāhilātun‎; jawāhilu‎; juhhalun		 الْجَاهِلَاتُ‎; الْجَوَاهِلُ‎; الْجُهَّلُ
al-jāhilātu‎; al-jawāhilu‎; al-juhhalu
Accusative جَاهِلِينَ‎; جُهَّالًا‎; جُهَلَاءَ‎; جَهَلَةً‎; جُهَّلًا
jāhilīna‎; juhhālan‎; juhalāʔa‎; jahalatan‎; juhhalan		 الْجَاهِلِينَ‎; الْجُهَّالَ‎; الْجُهَلَاءَ‎; الْجَهَلَةَ‎; الْجُهَّلَ
al-jāhilīna‎; al-juhhāla‎; al-juhalāʔa‎; al-jahalata‎; al-juhhala		 جَاهِلَاتٍ‎; جَوَاهِلَ‎; جُهَّلًا
jāhilātin‎; jawāhila‎; juhhalan		 الْجَاهِلَاتِ‎; الْجَوَاهِلَ‎; الْجُهَّلَ
al-jāhilāti‎; al-jawāhila‎; al-juhhala
Genitive جَاهِلِينَ‎; جُهَّالٍ‎; جُهَلَاءَ‎; جَهَلَةٍ‎; جُهَّلٍ
jāhilīna‎; juhhālin‎; juhalāʔa‎; jahalatin‎; juhhalin		 الْجَاهِلِينَ‎; الْجُهَّالِ‎; الْجُهَلَاءِ‎; الْجَهَلَةِ‎; الْجُهَّلِ
al-jāhilīna‎; al-juhhāli‎; al-juhalāʔi‎; al-jahalati‎; al-juhhali		 جَاهِلَاتٍ‎; جَوَاهِلَ‎; جُهَّلٍ
jāhilātin‎; jawāhila‎; juhhalin		 الْجَاهِلَاتِ‎; الْجَوَاهِلِ‎; الْجُهَّلِ
al-jāhilāti‎; al-jawāhili‎; al-juhhali

Antonyms

Descendants
  • Gulf Arabic: ياهل (yāhil, “kid, child”)
  • → Azerbaijani: cahil
  • → Georgian: ჯეილი (ǯeili, “youngster”), ჯეელი (ǯeeli)
  • → Khalaj: câhıl
  • → Lishana Deni: גׄחל (jaḥəl)
  • → Malay: jahil
  • → Middle Armenian: ջահիլ (ǰahil)
  • → Northern Kurdish: cahil (“ignorant”), cehêl (“young”)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: جاهل (cahil)
  • → Persian: جاهل (jâhel)
    • → Uzbek: johil
    • → Armenian: ջահել (ǰahel)
    • → Romani: ʒukel (possibly)
  • → Swahili: jahili

Moroccan Arabic
Root
ج ه ل
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic جَاهِل (jāhil).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʒaː.hil/

Adjective

جاهل • (jāhil) (feminine جاهلة (jāhla), common plural جهال (juhhāl) or جهلة (juhala), masculine plural جاهلين (jāhlīn), feminine plural جاهلات (jāhlāt), elative جهل (jhal) or أجهل (ʔajhal))

  1. ignorant, illiterate, uneducated
  2. having a blind rage

Northern Kurdish

Adjective

جاهل (cahil)

  1. Arabic spelling of cahil

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic جَاهِل (jāhil).

Adjective

جاهل • (cahil)

  1. ignorant, idiot
    Synonyms: بلمز (bilmez), نادان (nadan)

Derived terms
  • جاهللك (cahillik, “ignorance”)

Descendants

References
  • Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “جاهل”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 178

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic جَاهِل (jāhil).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɑː.ɦɪ́l]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɑː.jɪ́l]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɔː.jíl̥]

Readings
Classical reading? jāhil
Dari reading? jāhil
Iranian reading? jâhel
Tajik reading? johil

Adjective
Dari جاهل
Iranian Persian
Tajik ҷоҳил

جاهل • (jâhel) (comparative جاهل‌تَر (jâhel-tar), superlative جاهل‌تَرین (jâhel-tarin))

  1. foolish, unwise
  2. ignorant, uninformed
  3. (informal, now rare) young

Synonyms

References
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