ուպան

Middle Armenian

Etymology

The origin is unknown. Perhaps a shortening of Ancient Greek ὀποπάναξ (opopánax).[1]

Noun

ուպան • (upan)

  1. a plant whose root produces a resinous gum: laserwort, Laserpitium[2][3] or Ferula assa-foetida[4] or Ferula galbaniflua[5][6] or Opopanax chironium;[7] and its resinous gum, respectively: laser or asafoetida or galbanum or opopanax
    • 6th–12th? centuries, Baṙkʿ Gałianosi [The Greek–Armenian Dictionary to Galen] :[8]
      Քաղբան = բարկժատ, ուպանի խիժ։
      Kʻałban = barkžat, upani xiž.
      χαλβάνη (khalbánē) = barkžat, gum of upan
    • 9th or 10th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Tʿargmanutʿiwn dełocʿ zor əntrel en imastasērkʿn ew kargeal yayl lezuacʿ [A Medieval Arabic–Armenian Botanical Dictionary] :[9][10]
      Անգուտան եւ բառզդ = ուպանի տակ։
      Angutan ew baṙzd = upani tak.
      أَنْجُدَان (ʔanjudān, “asafoetida”) and بَارْزَد (bārzad, “galbanum”) = root of the upan
    • 1478 – 1492, Amirdovlatʿ Amasiacʿi, Angitacʿ anpēt [Useless for Ignoramuses] :[4][11]
      Ուպան․ որ է անկուժատն․ յշծ իր համարն։
      Upan; or ē ankužatn; yšc ir hamarn.
      Upan = Is the asafoetida. It is mentioned under its number.
    • 1614 – 1622, Asar Sebastacʿi, Girkʿ bžškakan arhesti [Book of Medical Art] :[6]
      Ուպան, որ է անկուժատն, որ է անկուզակն։
      Upan, or ē ankužatn, or ē ankuzakn.
      Upan = Is the asafoetida, which is the ankuzak.

Derived terms
  • ուպանատակ (upanatak)

References
  1. J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “ուպան”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 751a
  2. Bedevian, Armenag K. (1936) “Laserpitium”, in Illustrated Polyglottic Dictionary of Plant Names‎, Cairo: Argus & Papazian Presses, § 2033, page 352
  3. Ġazaryan, Ṙ. S. (1981) “ուպան”, in Busanunneri hayeren-latineren-ṙuseren-angleren-franseren-germaneren baṙaran [Armenian–Latin–Russian–English–French–German Dictionary of Plant Names], Yerevan: University Press, § 1219, page 96a
  4. Basmaǰean, K. Y., editor (1926), Amirtovlatʻi Amasiacʻwoy angitacʻ anpēt [Useless for Ignoramuses of Amirdovlatʿ Amasiacʿi]‎, Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, § 2588, page 441
  5. Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “ուպան”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 553c
  6. Asar Sebastacʻi (1993) Girkʻ bžškakan arhesti (XVI—XVII dd.) [Book of Medical Art (16–17th cc.)]‎, preparation of the text, preface and dictionary by D. M. Karapetyan, Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 255, 393
  7. Artʻinean, Yovhannēs (1906) Tunkerə ew anoncʻ hayerēn anunnerə [Des plantes et de leurs noms arméniens] (in Armenian), Paris: D. Dogramadjian, page 52
  8. Greppin, John A. C. (1985) Baṙkʿ Gaɫianosi: The Greek–Armenian Dictionary to Galen‎, Delmar, New York: Caravan Books, page 115
  9. Greppin, John A. C. (1997) A Medieval Arabic–Armenian Botanical Dictionary (Studien zur armenischen Geschichte; 16), a separate print of Greppin 1995, Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, § 12, page 23
  10. Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (2000) “ուպան”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʻ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʻeancʻ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʻ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries]‎, edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 615
  11. Vardanjan, Stella (1990) Амирдовлат Амасиаци, Ненужное для неучей (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, § 2268, pages 356, 728

Further reading
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