աղիւս

Old Armenian

Etymology

As noticed by Hrach Martirosyan, clearly borrowed from Hurrian 𒀀𒈜𒋾 (a-lib-ti /⁠alipši⁠/, “brick”),[1][2] at a time before the lenition of postvocalic *-p- > -w- in Armenian.[3] The Hurrian word is highly likely to be borrowed from Akkadian 𒋞 (libittum).[4] Note also Ancient Greek ἄλιψ (álips, “rock”) and Ancient Greek λίψ (líps, “rock”), attested only by Hesychius, judged by Nielsen to be more distantly connected to the Armenian word on semantic grounds.[3]

Noun

աղիւս • (ałiws)

  1. brick
  2. tile

Declension
o-type
singular plural
nominative աղիւս (ałiws) աղիւսք (ałiwskʻ)
genitive աղիւսոյ (ałiwsoy) աղիւսոց (ałiwsocʻ)
dative աղիւսոյ (ałiwsoy) աղիւսոց (ałiwsocʻ)
accusative աղիւս (ałiws) աղիւսս (ałiwss)
ablative աղիւսոյ (ałiwsoy) աղիւսոց (ałiwsocʻ)
instrumental աղիւսով (ałiwsov) աղիւսովք (ałiwsovkʻ)
locative աղիւս (ałiws) աղիւսս (ałiwss)

Derived terms
  • աղիւսագործութիւն (ałiwsagorcutʻiwn)
  • աղիւսադուռն (ałiwsaduṙn)
  • աղիւսաթիւ (ałiwsatʻiw)
  • աղիւսակ (ałiwsak)
  • աղիւսաձեւ (ałiwsajew)
  • աղիւսայք (ałiwsaykʻ)
  • աղիւսանման (ałiwsanman)
  • աղիւսաշար (ałiwsašar)
  • աղիւսաշէն (ałiwsašēn)
  • աղիւսարկ (ałiwsark)
  • աղիւսարկութիւն (ałiwsarkutʻiwn)
  • աղիւսեայ (ałiwseay)
  • աղիւսեայք (ałiwseaykʻ)

Descendants
  • Armenian: աղյուս (aġyus), օղիս (ōġis), օղես (ōġes), աղոս (aġos), ուղիս (uġis)
  • Middle Armenian: աղոյս (aġoys)
  • → Old Georgian: ალიზი (alizi)

References
  1. Yakubovich, Ilya (2016) “Review of Bibliographisches Glossar des Hurritischen by Thomas Richter”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society‎, volume 136, number 1, page 181
  2. Simon, Zsolt (2022) “The Hurro-Urartian loan contacts of Armenian: A revision”, in Hungarian Assyriological Review‎, volume 3, number 1, page 74 of 63–89
  3. Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate‎, PhD dissertation, Leiden University, page 11
  4. Fournet, Arnaud (2013) “About the Vocalic System of Armenian Words of Substratic Origin”, in Archív Orientalni‎, volume 81, number 2, page 4 of 207–222

Further reading
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “աղիւս”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 130–131
  • Asatryan, Gaṙnik (1990) “Ardyokʻ ka?n haykakan pʻoxaṙutʻyunner nor parskerenum [Are There Armenian Borrowings in New Persian?]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal]‎ (in Armenian), number 3, page 142 of 139–144
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “աղիւս”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik
  • Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 950
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “աղիւս”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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