осмнадцать

Old Ruthenian
Old Ruthenian numbers (edit)
[a], [b] ←  17 18 19  → [a], [b]
    Cardinal: осмнадцать (osmnadcatʹ), осмнадесѧть (osmnadesjatʹ)
    Ordinal: осмнадцатый (osmnadcatyj), осмнадесѧтый (osmnadesjatyj)

Alternative forms
  • осмна́дцать (osmnádcatʹ), осмьна́дцать (osmʹnádcatʹ), ѡсмъна́дцать (osmnádcatʹ), ѡсмна́нцать (osmnáncatʹ), ѡсмна́дцатъ (osmnádcat), осьмна́дцать (osʹmnádcatʹ), осимна́дцать (osimnádcatʹ), ѡсмъна́дцеть (osmnádcetʹ), осмьна́тцеть (osmʹnátcetʹ)
  • восмъна́дцать (vosmnádcatʹ), восмна́дцать (vosmnádcatʹ), восмна́дцѧть (vosmnádcjatʹ), вусѣмна́дцѧть (vusěmnádcjatʹ)

Etymology

Shortened from an earlier осмъна́десѧть (osmnádesjatʹ). Inherited from Old East Slavic осмьнадесѧть (osmĭnadesętĭ), from Proto-Slavic *osmь na desęte (“18”), from compound of *osmь (“8”) + *na (“on”) + *desęte (“10”).[1] Cognate with Russian восемна́дцать (vosemnádcatʹ) (from Middle Russian восмьнадцать (vosmʹnadcatʹ), осмьнадцать (osmʹnadcatʹ)).

Numeral

осмъна́дцать • (osmnádcatʹ)

  1. eighteen (18)
    Synonyms: (dialectal) осмъна́сте (osmnáste), (archaic) осмъна́десѧть (osmnádesjatʹ), ·и҃і· (18)
    лета мꙋщизна маеть мети зꙋполные ѡсмънадцать летъ, а девка тринадъцать летъ ― leta muščizna majetʹ meti zupolnyje osmnadcatʹ let, a devka trinadcatʹ let ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    А мыто имаютъ платити… от Леоубїа по осмънадесѣте гроши ― A myto imajut platiti… ot Leubia po osmnadesěte hroši ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    …а мелъ сыну ꙋ себе дорослые восмънадцати летехъ а не нижеⸯ ― …a mel synu u sebe doroslyje vosmnadcati letex a ne nižej ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    ковши серебреные у осмнадцать гривенъ серебра ― kovši serebrenyje u osmnadcatʹ hriven serebra ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    Волокити, харчи; проторовъ моихъ годъ за вусѣмнадцять якъ право учитъ ― Volokiti, xarči; protorov moʲix hod za vusěmnadcjatʹ jak pravo učit ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Descendants

References
  1. Zhuravlyov, A. F., editor (2010), “*osmь na desęte”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 36 (*orz(ъ)zeleněti/*orz(ъ)zeleniti (sę) – *otъgrěbati (sę)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 58

Further reading
  • Tymchenko, E. K., editor (1930), “вусѣмнадцять”, in Історичний словник українського язика [Historical Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1, numbers 1 (А – Г), Kharkiv, Kyiv: State Publishing House of Ukraine, page 355
  • Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1978), “*осмнадцать”, in Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст. [Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the 14ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Н – Ѳ), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 94
  • Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1978), “*осмънадцать”, in Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст. [Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the 14ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Н – Ѳ), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 95
  • Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1997), “восмнадцять; осмнадцать”, in Словник української мови XVI – 1-ї пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 4 (весь – вправѣ), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 243
  • The template Template:R:zle-obe:HSBM does not use the parameter(s): 
    url=vosmnaltsat
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1984), “восмнадцать”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 4 (вкупитися – вспевати), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, page 205
  • The template Template:R:zle-obe:HSBM does not use the parameter(s): 
    url=osimnadtsat
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Bulyka, A. M., editor (2002), “осимнадцать”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 22 (оддыханье – ость), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 366
  • The template Template:R:zle-obe:HSBM does not use the parameter(s): 
    url=osminadtsat
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Bulyka, A. M., editor (2002), “осминадцать, осминадцеть”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 22 (оддыханье – ость), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 393
  • The template Template:R:zle-obe:HSBM does not use the parameter(s): 
    url=osmnadtsat
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Bulyka, A. M., editor (2002), “осмнадцать, осмадцать, осмнанцать, осмнацать, осмьнадцать, осмьнатцеть, осьмнадцать”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 22 (оддыханье – ость), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 394
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