кача
Bulgarian
Etymology
From South Slavic *kačiti, cognate with Macedonian качи (kači), Serbo-Croatian качити. Probably related to Bulgarian ка́цам (kácam, “to perch”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kɐˈt͡ʃɤ̟]
Audio (file)
Verb
кача́ • (kačá) first-singular present indicative, pf (imperfective ка́чвам)
- (transitive) to hang, put (something up somewhere) in a higher location
- (transitive) to take up (someone/something), to mount onto a vehicle
- кача някого на лодката ― kača njakogo na lodkata ― to take up someone on the boat
- (figurative) to raise (temperature, prices), to rise up, to revolt
- (figurative) to gain (weight)
- (figurative, colloquial) to promote (someone)
- (computing) to upload
- (reflexive with се) to go up (to a higher location), to climb
- (reflexive with се) to get (into/onto a vehicle or horse)
- (reflexive with се) to rise (of temperature, prices)
Conjugation
Conjugation of кача́ (conjugation 2.1, perfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | — | качи́л kačíl |
кача́л, каче́л1 kačál, kačél1 |
каче́н kačén |
— | |
| definite subject form | — | качи́лият kačílijat |
— | каче́ният kačénijat | |||
| definite object form | — | качи́лия kačílija |
— | каче́ния kačénija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | — | качи́ла kačíla |
кача́ла, каче́ла1 kačála, kačéla1 |
каче́на kačéna | ||
| definite | — | качи́лата kačílata |
— | каче́ната kačénata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | — | качи́ло kačílo |
кача́ло, каче́ло1 kačálo, kačélo1 |
каче́но kačéno |
— | |
| definite | — | качи́лото kačíloto |
— | каче́ното kačénoto |
— | ||
| plural | indefinite | — | качи́ли kačíli |
кача́ли, каче́ли1 kačáli, kačéli1 |
каче́ни kačéni |
— | |
| definite | — | качи́лите kačílite |
— | каче́ните kačénite |
— | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | кача́ kačá |
качи́ш kačíš |
качи́ kačí |
качи́м kačím |
качи́те kačíte |
кача́т kačát | |
| imperfect | кача́х, каче́х1 kačáh, kačéh1 |
каче́ше kačéše |
каче́ше kačéše |
кача́хме, каче́хме1 kačáhme, kačéhme1 |
кача́хте, каче́хте1 kačáhte, kačéhte1 |
кача́ха, каче́ха1 kačáha, kačéha1 | |
| aorist | качи́х kačíh |
качи́ kačí |
качи́ kačí |
качи́хме kačíhme |
качи́хте kačíhte |
качи́ха kačíha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and кача́л/каче́л1 m, кача́ла/каче́ла1 f, кача́ло/каче́ло1 n, or кача́ли/каче́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and кача́л/каче́л1 m, кача́ла/каче́ла1 f, кача́ло/каче́ло1 n, or кача́ли/каче́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and кача́л/каче́л1 m, кача́ла/каче́ла1 f, кача́ло/каче́ло1 n, or кача́ли/каче́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| качи́ kačí |
каче́те kačéte |
||||||
1Largely fallen into disuse.
Conjugation of кача́ се (conjugation 2.1, perfective, reflexive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | — | качи́л се kačíl se |
кача́л се, каче́л се1 kačál se, kačél se1 |
— | — | |
| definite subject form | — | качи́лият се kačílijat se |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | — | качи́лия се kačílija se |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | — | качи́ла се kačíla se |
кача́ла се, каче́ла се1 kačála se, kačéla se1 |
— | ||
| definite | — | качи́лата се kačílata se |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | — | качи́ло се kačílo se |
кача́ло се, каче́ло се1 kačálo se, kačélo se1 |
— | — | |
| definite | — | качи́лото се kačíloto se |
— | — | — | ||
| plural | indefinite | — | качи́ли се kačíli se |
кача́ли се, каче́ли се1 kačáli se, kačéli se1 |
— | — | |
| definite | — | качи́лите се kačílite se |
— | — | — | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | кача́ се kačá se |
качи́ш се kačíš se |
качи́ се kačí se |
качи́м се kačím se |
качи́те се kačíte se |
кача́т се kačát se | |
| imperfect | кача́х се, каче́х се1 kačáh se, kačéh se1 |
каче́ше се kačéše se |
каче́ше се kačéše se |
кача́хме се, каче́хме се1 kačáhme se, kačéhme se1 |
кача́хте се, каче́хте се1 kačáhte se, kačéhte se1 |
кача́ха се, каче́ха се1 kačáha se, kačéha se1 | |
| aorist | качи́х се kačíh se |
качи́ се kačí se |
качи́ се kačí se |
качи́хме се kačíhme se |
качи́хте се kačíhte se |
качи́ха се kačíha se | |
| future | pos. | Use ще се followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да се followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да се and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да се followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and кача́л се/каче́л се1 m, кача́ла се/каче́ла се1 f, кача́ло се/каче́ло се1 n, or кача́ли се/каче́ли се1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да се and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да се and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and кача́л се/каче́л се1 m, кача́ла се/каче́ла се1 f, кача́ло се/каче́ло се1 n, or кача́ли се/каче́ли се1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да се and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да се and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and кача́л се/каче́л се1 m, кача́ла се/каче́ла се1 f, кача́ло се/каче́ло се1 n, or кача́ли се/каче́ли се1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да се and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да се and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| качи́ се kačí se |
каче́те се kačéte se |
||||||
1Largely fallen into disuse.
Derived terms
- ка́чвам (káčvam) (semelfactive)
- вка́ча се pf (vkáča se), вка́чвам се impf (vkáčvam se) (dialectal)
- възка́ча се pf (vǎzkáča se), възка́чвам се impf (vǎzkáčvam se, “to mount”)
- дока́ча pf (dokáča), дока́чвам impf (dokáčvam)
- зака́ча pf (zakáča), зака́чам impf (zakáčam)
- изка́ча pf (izkáča), изка́чвам impf (izkáčvam)
- нака́ча pf (nakáča), нака́чвам impf (nakáčvam)
- ока́ча pf (okáča), ока́чвам impf (okáčvam)
- отка́ча pf (otkáča), отка́чам impf (otkáčam)
- пока́ча pf (pokáča), пока́чвам impf (pokáčvam)
- прека́ча pf (prekáča), прека́чвам impf (prekáčvam)
- прика́ча pf (prikáča), прика́чвам impf (prikáčvam)
- разка́ча pf (razkáča), разка́чвам impf (razkáčvam)
- ска́ча pf (skáča), ска́чвам impf (skáčvam, “to gear up”)
- ка́чевица (káčevica, “ladder”) (dialectal)
See also
- кате́ря (katérja, “to climb”)
- ска́чам (skáčam, “to jump, to leap”)
References
- “кача”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “кача”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov (1897) “ка́чвамь, ка́чювамь (да ка́чѭ)”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 257
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “качвам, кача”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 290
Serbo-Croatian
Declension
Quotations
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:kača.
Ukrainian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kɐˈt͡ʃa]
Audio (file)
Noun
кача́ • (kačá) n animal (genitive кача́ти, nominative plural кача́та, genitive plural кача́т, diminutive кача́тко)
Declension
Declension of кача́ (animal t-stem neut-form accent-b)
References
- Hrinchenko, Borys, editor (1907–1909), “кача́”, in Словарь украинского языка [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Russian), Kyiv: Kievskaya starina
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “кача”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “кача”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
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