бедя
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *běditi, morphologically a causative verb from беда́ (bedá, “trouble”) + -я (-ja). Possibly reflecting two separate homophonic verbs.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [bɛˈdʲɤ̟]
Audio (file)
Verb
бедя́ • (bedjá) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (transitive, dated) to compel, to force
- Synonyms: наси́лвам (nasílvam), принужда́вам (prinuždávam)
- (transitive, dialectal) to persuade, to talk into
- Synonyms: приду́мвам (pridúmvam), увеща́вам (uveštávam), склоня́вам (sklonjávam)
- (transitive, dialectal) to coax, to badmouth, to slander, to convict
- Synonyms: оду́мвам (odúmvam), клеветя́ (klevetjá), хуля́ (huljá)
Conjugation
Conjugation of бедя́ (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | бедя́щ bedjášt |
беди́л bedíl |
бедя́л bedjál |
беде́н bedén |
беде́йки bedéjki | |
| definite subject form | бедя́щият bedjáštijat |
беди́лият bedílijat |
— | беде́ният bedénijat | |||
| definite object form | бедя́щия bedjáštija |
беди́лия bedílija |
— | беде́ния bedénija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | бедя́ща bedjášta |
беди́ла bedíla |
бедя́ла bedjála |
беде́на bedéna | ||
| definite | бедя́щата bedjáštata |
беди́лата bedílata |
— | беде́ната bedénata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | бедя́що bedjášto |
беди́ло bedílo |
бедя́ло bedjálo |
беде́но bedéno |
беде́не bedéne | |
| definite | бедя́щото bedjáštoto |
беди́лото bedíloto |
— | беде́ното bedénoto |
беде́нето bedéneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | бедя́щи bedjášti |
беди́ли bedíli |
беде́ли bedéli |
беде́ни bedéni |
беде́ния, беде́нета bedénija, bedéneta | |
| definite | бедя́щите bedjáštite |
беди́лите bedílite |
— | беде́ните bedénite |
беде́нията, беде́нетата bedénijata, bedénetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | бедя́ bedjá |
беди́ш bedíš |
беди́ bedí |
беди́м bedím |
беди́те bedíte |
бедя́т bedját | |
| imperfect | бедя́х bedjáh |
беде́ше bedéše |
беде́ше bedéše |
бедя́хме bedjáhme |
бедя́хте bedjáhte |
бедя́ха bedjáha | |
| aorist | беди́х bedíh |
беди́ bedí |
беди́ bedí |
беди́хме bedíhme |
беди́хте bedíhte |
беди́ха bedíha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and бедя́л m, бедя́ла f, бедя́ло n, or беде́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and бедя́л m, бедя́ла f, бедя́ло n, or беде́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and бедя́л m, бедя́ла f, бедя́ло n, or беде́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and беди́л m, беди́ла f, беди́ло n, or беди́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| беди́ bedí |
беде́те bedéte |
||||||
Derived terms
- беде́ние (bedénie, “conviction”) (obsolescent)
- бедя́вам (bedjávam, “to slander”) (iterative)
- набедя́ pf (nabedjá), набежда́вам impf (nabeždávam, “to accuse”)
- победя́ pf (pobedjá), побежда́вам impf (pobeždávam, “to defeat”)
- убедя́ pf (ubedjá), убежда́вам impf (ubeždávam, “to convince, to persuade”)
References
- “бедя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “бедя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov (1895) “бѣдѭ́”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 95
- бѣдити in Исторически речник на Българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"
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