бдя
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *bъděti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbdʲɤ̟]
Audio (file)
Verb
бдя • (bdja) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (intransitive) to stay keen, to pay attention
- Synonyms: веду́вам (vedúvam), стоя́ нащре́к (stojá naštrék)
- (intransitive) to watch over (+ над (nad))
- Synonyms: нагле́ждам (nagléždam), па́зя (pázja)
- (reflexive with се, rare) to watch out, to be careful (+ над (nad), за (za))
- бдя се да не
- bdja se da ne
- to be careful not to
- бди се за опасности
- bdi se za opasnosti
- watch out for dangers
Conjugation
Conjugation of бдя (conjugation 2.2, imperfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | бдящ bdjašt |
бдял bdjal |
бдял bdjal |
— | бде́йки bdéjki | |
| definite subject form | бдя́щият bdjáštijat |
бде́лият bdélijat |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | бдя́щия bdjáštija |
бде́лия bdélija |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | бдя́ща bdjášta |
бдя́ла bdjála |
бдя́ла bdjála |
— | ||
| definite | бдя́щата bdjáštata |
бдя́лата bdjálata |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | бдя́що bdjášto |
бдя́ло bdjálo |
бдя́ло bdjálo |
— | бде́не bdéne | |
| definite | бдя́щото bdjáštoto |
бдя́лото bdjáloto |
— | — | бде́нето bdéneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | бдя́щи bdjášti |
бде́ли bdéli |
бде́ли bdéli |
— | бде́ния, бде́нета bdénija, bdéneta | |
| definite | бдя́щите bdjáštite |
бде́лите bdélite |
— | — | бде́нията, бде́нетата bdénijata, bdénetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | бдя bdja |
бдиш bdiš |
бди bdi |
бдим bdim |
бди́те bdíte |
бдят bdjat | |
| imperfect | бдях bdjah |
бде́ше bdéše |
бде́ше bdéše |
бдя́хме bdjáhme |
бдя́хте bdjáhte |
бдя́ха bdjáha | |
| aorist | бдях bdjah |
бдя bdja |
бдя bdja |
бдя́хме bdjáhme |
бдя́хте bdjáhte |
бдя́ха bdjáha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and бдял m, бдя́ла f, бдя́ло n, or бде́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| бди bdi |
бде́те bdéte |
||||||
Derived terms
- бде́ние (bdénie, “vigil, wakefulness”)
- бди́телен (bdítelen, “alert, watchful”)
- бъ́дни (bǎ́dni, “awaiting, awake”)
- Бъ́дни ве́чер (Bǎ́dni véčer, “Christmas Eve”)
References
- “бдя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “бдя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- бъдѣти in Исторически речник на българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бдя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 38
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [bdʲa]
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