σφύραινα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From σφῦρα (sphûra, “hammer, mallet”) +‎ -αινᾰ (-aina).

Pronunciation
 

Noun

σφῡ́ραινᾰ • (sphū́raina) f (genitive σφῡραίνης); first declension

  1. barracuda (Sphyraena sphyraena)
    Synonym: κέστρα (késtra)
    • c. 410 BCE, Strattis, Macedonians 28:
      [A]: ἡ σφύραινα δ' ἐστὶ τίς;
      [B]: κέστραν μὲν ὕμμες ὡττικοὶ κικλήσκετε
      [A]: hē sphúraina d' estì tís?
      [B]: késtran mèn húmmes hōttikoì kiklḗskete
      [A]: a "sphúraina", what is that?
      [B]: "Késtra" is what you, Attic-speakers, call it.

Inflection
First declension of ἡ σφῡ́ραινᾰ; τῆς σφῡραίνης (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ σφῡ́ραινᾰ
hē sphū́raina		 τὼ σφῡραίνᾱ
tṑ sphūraínā		 αἱ σφῡ́ραιναι
hai sphū́rainai
Genitive τῆς σφῡραίνης
tês sphūraínēs		 τοῖν σφῡραίναιν
toîn sphūraínain		 τῶν σφῡραινῶν
tôn sphūrainôn
Dative τῇ σφῡραίνῃ
têi sphūraínēi		 τοῖν σφῡραίναιν
toîn sphūraínain		 ταῖς σφῡραίναις
taîs sphūraínais
Accusative τὴν σφῡ́ραινᾰν
tḕn sphū́rainan		 τὼ σφῡραίνᾱ
tṑ sphūraínā		 τᾱ̀ς σφῡραίνᾱς
tā̀s sphūraínās
Vocative σφῡ́ραινᾰ
sphū́raina		 σφῡραίνᾱ
sphūraínā		 σφῡ́ραιναι
sphū́rainai
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants
  • → Latin: sphyraena
  • → Translingual: Sphyraena

Further reading
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