σμάραγδος
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- μᾰ́ραγδος (máragdos)
Etymology
Borrowed from a Semitic language, related to Hebrew בָּרֶקֶת (baréket, “emerald, flashing gem”), Akkadian 𒁀𒊏𒄣 (/baraqu/, literally “scintillation”), Arabic بَرْق (barq, “lightning, flashing, shining, dazzling”) and loanwords of Semitic origin such as Sanskrit मरकत (marakata), Persian زمرد (zomorrod) and Old Armenian զմրուխտ (zmruxt).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /zmá.raɡ.dos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈzma.raɡ.dos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈzma.raɣ.ðos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈzma.raɣ.ðos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈzma.raɣ.ðos/
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ σμᾰ́ραγδος hē smáragdos |
τὼ σμᾰράγδω tṑ smarágdō |
αἱ σμᾰ́ραγδοι hai smáragdoi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς σμᾰράγδου tês smarágdou |
τοῖν σμᾰράγδοιν toîn smarágdoin |
τῶν σμᾰράγδων tôn smarágdōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ σμᾰράγδῳ têi smarágdōi |
τοῖν σμᾰράγδοιν toîn smarágdoin |
ταῖς σμᾰράγδοις taîs smarágdois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν σμᾰ́ραγδον tḕn smáragdon |
τὼ σμᾰράγδω tṑ smarágdō |
τᾱ̀ς σμᾰράγδους tā̀s smarágdous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | σμᾰ́ραγδε smáragde |
σμᾰράγδω smarágdō |
σμᾰ́ραγδοι smáragdoi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- σμαράγδινος (smarágdinos)
Descendants
Descendants
- → Arabic: زُمُرُّد (zumurrud)
- → Azerbaijani: zümrüd
- → Bulgarian: изумруд (izumrud)
- → Catalan: maragda f, esmaragda f
- → Chinese: 祖母綠／祖母绿 (zǔmǔlǜ)
- → Czech: smaragd m
- → Danish: smaragd
- → Dutch: smaragd m
- → English: emerald
- → Esperanto: smeraldo
- → Estonian: smaragd
- → Finnish: smaragdi
- → French: émeraude f
- → German: Smaragd m
- Greek: σμαράγδι n (smarágdi)
- → Hebrew: אזמרגד (izmaragd)
- → Hungarian: smaragd
- → Icelandic: smaragður m
- → Indonesian: zamrud
- → Interlingua: esmeraldo
- → Italian: smeraldo
- → Japanese: エメラルド (emerarudo)
- → Korean: 에메랄드 (emeraldeu)
- → Latin: smaragdus m, smaraudus m, esmeraldus m, esmeralda f
- → Lithuanian: smaragdas m
- → Macedonian: смарагд m (smaragd)
- → Persian: زمرد (zomorrod)
- → Polish: szmaragd m
- → Portuguese: esmeralda f
- → Romanian: smarald n, smarand n, smaragd n
- → Russian: изумруд m (izumrud)
- → Sicilian: smaraudu m,
- → Spanish: esmeralda f
- → Swahili: zumaridi
- → Swedish: smaragd c
- → Thai: มรกต (mɔɔ-rá-gòt)
- → Turkish: zümrüt
References
- “σμάραγδος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- σμάραγδος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- G4665 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 268
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