σάκκος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

Most likely borrowed from Semitic, possibly from Phoenician. Compare Hebrew שַׂק, Imperial Aramaic 𐡔𐡒 (šq), Talmudic Aramaic סַקָּא, Classical Syriac ܣܩܐ, Ge'ez ሠቅ (śäḳ), Akkadian 𒆭𒊓 (/⁠šaqqu⁠/), Egyptian sꜣgꜣ. The word is a widely-borrowed Mediterranean Kulturwort.[1]

Černý and Forbes suggest the word was originally Egyptian, a nominal derivative of sꜣq (“to gather or put together”) that also yielded Coptic ⲥⲟⲕ (sok, “sackcloth”) and was borrowed into Greek perhaps by way of a Semitic intermediary. However, Vycichl and Hoch reject this idea, noting that such an originally Egyptian word would be expected to yield Hebrew *סַק rather than שַׂק. Instead, they posit that the Coptic and Greek words are both borrowed from Semitic, with the Coptic word perhaps developing via Egyptian sꜣgꜣ.

Pronunciation
 

Noun

σᾰ́κκος • (sákkos) m (genitive σᾰ́κκου); second declension

  1. coarse cloth of hair, especially of goat's hair
  2. anything made of coarse cloth:
    1. sack, bag
      Synonym: σᾰ́κτᾱς (sáktās)
    2. sieve, strainer
    3. coarse garment, sackcloth, worn as mourning by the Jews
    4. (Christianity) sackcloth vestment, penitential garb
  3. coarse beard

Inflection
Second declension of ὁ σᾰ́κκος; τοῦ σᾰ́κκου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ σᾰ́κκος
ho sákkos		 τὼ σᾰ́κκω
tṑ sákkō		 οἱ σᾰ́κκοι
hoi sákkoi
Genitive τοῦ σᾰ́κκου
toû sákkou		 τοῖν σᾰ́κκοιν
toîn sákkoin		 τῶν σᾰ́κκων
tôn sákkōn
Dative τῷ σᾰ́κκῳ
tôi sákkōi		 τοῖν σᾰ́κκοιν
toîn sákkoin		 τοῖς σᾰ́κκοις
toîs sákkois
Accusative τὸν σᾰ́κκον
tòn sákkon		 τὼ σᾰ́κκω
tṑ sákkō		 τοὺς σᾰ́κκους
toùs sákkous
Vocative σᾰ́κκε
sákke		 σᾰ́κκω
sákkō		 σᾰ́κκοι
sákkoi
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms
  • σᾰκκᾶς (sakkâs)
  • σᾰκκέω (sakkéō)
  • σᾰκκηγός (sakkēgós)
  • σᾰκκογενειοτρόφος (sakkogeneiotróphos)
  • σᾰκκοπήρᾰ (sakkopḗra)
  • σᾰκκοπλόκος (sakkoplókos)
  • σᾰκκορᾰ́φῐον (sakkoráphion)
  • σᾰκκούδῐον (sakkoúdion)
  • σᾰκκοφόρος (sakkophóros)
  • σᾰκκοῠ̈φᾰ́ντης (sakkoüphántēs)
  • σᾰκκώνῠμος (sakkṓnumos)
  • σᾰκκῐ́δῐον (sakkídion)
  • σᾰκκῐ́ζω (sakkízō)
  • σᾰ́κκῐνος (sákkinos)
  • σᾰκκῐ́ον (sakkíon)
  • σᾰκκῐ́ᾱς (sakkíās)
  • δῐσᾰ́κκῐον (disákkion)
  • σᾰκκηγέω (sakkēgéō)
  • σᾰκκηγῐ́ᾱ (sakkēgíā)
  • σᾰκκοφορέω (sakkophoréō)
  • σᾰκκοφορῐκός (sakkophorikós)
  • σᾰκκῐνόσῡκοι (sakkinósūkoi)

Descendants
Descendants of σᾰ́κκος in other languages
  • Greek: σάκος (sákos)
  • → Latin: saccus (see there for further descendants)
  • → Mingrelian: საკი (saḳi), სააკი (saaḳi)

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1302

Further reading
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.