κόγχη

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Probably from Pre-Greek, especially in view of the cluster -γχ- (-nkh-), which points to prenasalization in Pre-Greek terms. Compare καγκύλας (kankúlas, “mussel”) and κόχλος (kókhlos, “spiral conch, snail”), which both exhibit conclusively Pre-Greek variation.
Possibly related to Sanskrit शङ्ख (śaṅkhá-, “conch, mussel”), but not by common inheritance from Proto-Indo-European.[1] Doublet of κόγχος (kónkhos).

Pronunciation
 

Noun

κόγχη • (kónkhē) f (genitive κόγχης); first declension

  1. mussel, cockle
    1. shell-full
  2. anything like a mussel shell, especially a shell-like cavity in the body:
    1. (anatomy) hollow of the ear
    2. (anatomy) kneepan
  3. case around a seal attached to documents
  4. niche for a statue; apse
  5. (geometry) fourth part of a sphere

Inflection
First declension of ἡ κόγχη; τῆς κόγχης (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ κόγχη
hē kónkhē		 τὼ κόγχᾱ
tṑ kónkhā		 αἱ κόγχαι
hai kónkhai
Genitive τῆς κόγχης
tês kónkhēs		 τοῖν κόγχαιν
toîn kónkhain		 τῶν κογχῶν
tôn konkhôn
Dative τῇ κόγχῃ
têi kónkhēi		 τοῖν κόγχαιν
toîn kónkhain		 ταῖς κόγχαις
taîs kónkhais
Accusative τὴν κόγχην
tḕn kónkhēn		 τὼ κόγχᾱ
tṑ kónkhā		 τᾱ̀ς κόγχᾱς
tā̀s kónkhās
Vocative κόγχη
kónkhē		 κόγχᾱ
kónkhā		 κόγχαι
kónkhai
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms
  • κόγξ (kónx)
  • κογχογενής (konkhogenḗs)
  • κογχοειδής (konkhoeidḗs)
  • κογχοθήρᾱς (konkhothḗrās)
  • κογχώδης (konkhṓdēs)
  • κογχωτός (konkhōtós)
  • κογχᾰλῐ́ζω (konkhalízō)
  • κογχᾰ́ρῐον (konkhárion)
  • κογχῐ́ζω (konkhízō)
  • κογχῐ́ον (konkhíon)
  • κογχῑ́της (konkhī́tēs)

Descendants
  • → Latin: concha (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κόγχη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 728

Further reading
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014) Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
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