κακκαλία

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κακαλία (kakalía), κακαλίς (kakalís)

Etymology

According to Furnée, of Pre-Greek origin, in view of the similarity with other plant names, such as ἀκακαλίς (akakalís, “daffodil”) and κάγκανον (kánkanon, “mercury”). Witczak prefers a Dardanic source. Compare also Dacian coicolida (“nightshade”), Lithuanian kankùlis (“corncockle”), kankalìjos (“bellflower”, f. pl.), Old Prussian kunklis (“corncockle”), as well as Proto-Slavic *kǫkoľь (“corncockle”), whence Slovene kokalj, Polish kąkol and Russian куколь (kukolʹ).[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kak.ka.lí.aː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kak.kaˈli.a/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ka.kaˈli.a/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ka.kaˈli.a/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ka.kaˈli.a/

Noun

κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ • (kakkalíā) f (genitive κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
Synonyms: ἁλικάκκαβον (halikákkabon), μώριος (mṓrios), στρύχνον (strúkhnon)
kind of mercury (Mercurialis tomentosa)
Synonym: λεοντῐκή (leontikḗ)

Inflection

First declension of ἡ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ; τῆς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ hē kakkalíā	τὼ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ tṑ kakkalíā	αἱ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αι hai kakkalíai
Genitive	τῆς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς tês kakkalíās	τοῖν κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αιν toîn kakkalíain	τῶν κᾰκκᾰλῐῶν tôn kakkaliôn
Dative	τῇ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾳ têi kakkalíāi	τοῖν κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αιν toîn kakkalíain	ταῖς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αις taîs kakkalíais
Accusative	τὴν κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱν tḕn kakkalíān	τὼ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ tṑ kakkalíā	τᾱ̀ς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς tā̀s kakkalíās
Vocative	κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ kakkalíā	κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ kakkalíā	κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αι kakkalíai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

→ Latin: cacalia

References

Witczak, Krzysztof (2014) “Dardanian Plant Names”, in Linguistique Balkanique‎, volume 53, numbers 2-3, Sofia: Académie bulgare des sciences, pages 97–99