Ë
See also: Appendix:Variations of "e"
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Albanian
Usage notes
Chipewyan
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e/
Kashubian
Etymology
The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and Ë for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
Ë (upper case, lower case ë)
Ladin
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɜ/
Letter
Ë (lower case ë)
- The open-mid central unrounded vowel as used in the Gherdëina variant of Ladin.
Luxembourgish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ə/
Usage notes
- The letter Ë is generally restricted to stressed syllables, while simple E represents unstressed /ə/. However, Ë is used under certain circumstances to separate strings of vowel letters (e.g. leeën) or, in French-derived words, to show that the E is not silent (e.g. Einseignantë).
- Under certain circumstances, the phoneme /ə/ is represented by the letter É, which see.
Noon
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a̘/
Romani
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ə/
Usage notes
Although it is pronounced the same as Ä, it indicates a dialectal pronunciation of E.[1]
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
References
- Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “ë”, in ニューエクスプレス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 16
Further reading
- Marcel Courthiade (2009) “DECISION : "THE ROMANI ALPHABET"”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 499
- “Introduction 3. How to read Rromani”, in R.E.D-RROM, 2021 October 2 (last accessed)
Slovene
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- (sound): IPA(key): /joː/
- (sound, educated): IPA(key): /jɔ/
Etymology 2
Letter E with diaeresis (¨) to signify centralization.
Pronunciation
- (Resian, phoneme): IPA(key): /ə/
Letter
Ë (upper case, lower case ë)
References
- Toporišič, Jože (2001) “Slovaropisna pravila”, in Slovenski pravopis (in Slovene), Ljubljana: ZRC SAZU, →ISBN, page 178
- Steenwijk, Han (1994) Ortografia resiana = Tö jošt rozajanskë pïsanjë (overall work in Italian and Slovene), Padua: CLEUP
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ə/ [ə]
- Rhymes: -ə
Letter
Usage notes
- In Tagalog and its standardized form Filipino, Ë is used to represent the schwa, particularly in words originating from other Philippine languages, for instance Maranao (Mëranaw), Pangasinan, Ilocano, and Ibaloi. Before introduction of this letter, the schwa was ambiguously represented by A or E.
- Writing the diaeresis is recommended but not required as long as the reader is aware that the unaccented form is supposed to sound like a schwa (/ə/).
- The use of the diaeresis to represent the central vowel schwa is possibly inspired by the use of the diaeresis in the IPA to represent centralization.
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ˈeː/, /ˌɛ/
Letter
Ë (lower case ë)
- The letter E, marked for its syllabic pronunciation distinct from adjacent vowels.
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