11
Geographi Græci Minores by Hudson, Gail, and C. Müller. The valuable and elaborate commentary by the latest editor may be considered as in a great measure superseding all others. Besides all these editions, it has been made the subject of elaborate investigations by Gosselin, Bougainville, Major Rennell, Heeren, Ukert, Vivien de St. Martin, and other geographical writers.[1] Indeed there are few ancient writings that have been the subject of more copious commentary in proportion to its very limited extent. The earliest of these commentaries, inserted by Ramusio in his collection of Voyages (Venice, 1550), is curious and interesting as being derived from Portuguese sources, who were in modern times the earliest explorers of these coasts. That by the Spanish writer Campomanes (in his Antigüedad Maritima de Cártago, 4to, Madrid, 1756) is, on the contrary, utterly worthless."
CARTHAGINIAN CHRONOLOGY
| b. c. | |
| Migration of the Phœnicians from the Persian Gulf to South Arabia and the Mediterranean, about | 2800 |
| Phœnician cities on the Mediterranean subject alternately to Babylon and Egypt. Rise of Assyria, about | 1300 |
| Greek activity and extension of Israel; fall of Troy, about | 1183 |
| Temporary weakness of both Assyria and Egypt makes possible the independence and alliance of Israel and Phœnicia, | 1049-976 |
| Phœnician colonies westward, about | 1000 |
| Founding of Carthage, about | 878 |
| At this period the Semitic commercial system centering in Mesopotamia, Phœnicia and Carthage controlled the trade of the world; continued expansion of Greece, and foundation of Greek colonies in Asia Minor and the Black Sea and westward in Italy, Sicily and Gaul, | 800-600 |
| Founding of Rome, | 753 |
| Decline of Assyria under this competition, | 650 |
| Greek colony established at Cyrene in North Africa, | 631 |
| Greek commercial agency established on the Nile, | 630 |
| Fall of Nineveh, | 606 |
| Extension of Carthaginian dominions in Africa, Sicily and Sardinia, | 550 |
| Defeat of the Carthaginians by the Greeks, | 539 |