crisis of wisdom^[1] is here laid before them; about which my friends have a very great contest. But do you, who adorned our elders with many virtuous manners, utter the voice in which you rejoice, and declare your nature.

Just. I will, therefore, describe the ancient system of education, how it was ordered, when I flourished in the advocacy of justice, and temperance was the fashion. In the first place it was incumbent that no one should hear the voice of a boy uttering a syllable; and next, that those from the same quarter of the town should march in good order through the streets to the school of the Harp-master, naked, and in a body, even if it were to snow as thick as meal. Then again, their master^[2] would teach them, not sitting cross-legged, to learn by rote a song, either "Παλλάδα^[3] περσέπολιν δεινὰν," or "τηλέπορόν τι βόαμα," raising to a higher pitch^[4] the harmony which our fathers transmitted to us. But if any of them were to play the buffoon, or turn any quavers, like these difficult turns the present artists make after the manner of Phrynis,^[5] he used to be thrashed, being beaten with many blows,^[6] as banishing the Muses. And it behoved the boys, while sitting in the school of the Gymnastic-master, to cover^[7] the thigh, so that they might exhibit no-