106TH UNITED STATES CONGRESS
1ST SESSION

An Act
To enhance competition in the financial services industry by providing a prudential framework for the affiliation of banks, securities firms, insurance companies, and other financial service providers, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

(a) SHORT TITLE—
This Act may be cited as the ``Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act´´.
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS—
The table of contents for this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short Title; Table of Contents.
TITLE I—FACILITATING AFFILIATION AMONG BANKS, SECURITIES FIRMS, AND INSURANCE COMPANIES
Subtitle A—Affiliations
Sec. 101. Glass-Steagall Act repeals.
Sec. 102. Activity restrictions applicable to bank holding companies that are not financial holding companies.
Sec. 103. Financial activities.
Sec. 104. Operation of State law.
Sec. 105. Mutual bank holding companies authorized.
Sec. 106. Prohibition on deposit production offices.
Sec. 107. Cross marketing restriction; limited purpose bank relief; divestiture.
Sec. 108. Use of subordinated debt to protect financial system and deposit funds from `too big to fail' institutions.
Sec. 109. Study of financial modernization's effect on the accessibility of small business and farm loans.
Subtitle B—Streamlining Supervision of Bank Holding Companies
Sec. 111. Streamlining bank holding company supervision.
Sec. 112. Authority of State insurance regulator and Securities and Exchange Commission.
Sec. 113. Role of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
Sec. 114. Prudential safeguards.
Sec. 115. Examination of investment companies.
Sec. 116. Elimination of application requirement for financial holding companies.
Sec. 117. Preserving the integrity of FDIC resources.
Sec. 118. Repeal of savings bank provisions in the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956.
Sec. 119. Technical amendment.
Subtitle C—Subsidiaries of National Banks
Sec. 121. Subsidiaries of national banks.
Sec. 122. Consideration of merchant banking activities by financial subsidiaries.
Subtitle D—Preservation of FTC Authority
Sec. 131. Amendment to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 to modify notification and post-approval waiting period for section 3 transactions.
Sec. 132. Interagency data sharing.
Sec. 133. Clarification of status of subsidiaries and affiliates.
Subtitle E—National Treatment
Sec. 141. Foreign banks that are financial holding companies.
Sec. 142. Representative offices.
Subtitle F—Direct Activities of Banks
Sec. 151. Authority of national banks to underwrite certain municipal bonds.
Subtitle G—Effective Date
Sec. 161. Effective date.
TITLE II—FUNCTIONAL REGULATION
Subtitle A—Brokers and Dealers
Sec. 201. Definition of broker.
Sec. 202. Definition of dealer.
Sec. 203. Registration for sales of private securities offerings.
Sec. 204. Information sharing.
Sec. 205. Treatment of new hybrid products.
Sec. 206. Definition of identified banking product.
Sec. 207. Additional definitions.
Sec. 208. Government securities defined.
Sec. 209. Effective date.
Sec. 210. Rule of construction.
Subtitle B—Bank Investment Company Activities
Sec. 211. Custody of investment company assets by affiliated bank.
Sec. 212. Lending to an affiliated investment company.
Sec. 213. Independent directors.
Sec. 214. Additional SEC disclosure authority.
Sec. 215. Definition of broker under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
Sec. 216. Definition of dealer under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
Sec. 217. Removal of the exclusion from the definition of investment adviser for banks that advise investment companies.
Sec. 218. Definition of broker under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.
Sec. 219. Definition of dealer under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.
Sec. 220. Interagency consultation.
Sec. 221. Treatment of bank common trust funds.
Sec. 222. Statutory disqualification for bank wrongdoing.
Sec. 223. Conforming change in definition.
Sec. 224. Conforming amendment.
Sec. 225. Effective date.
Subtitle C—Securities and Exchange Commission Supervision of Investment Bank Holding Companies
Sec. 231. Supervision of investment bank holding companies by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Subtitle D—Banks and Bank Holding Companies
Sec. 241. Consultation.
TITLE III—INSURANCE
Subtitle A—State Regulation of Insurance
Sec. 301. Functional regulation of insurance.
Sec. 302. Insurance underwriting in national banks.
Sec. 303. Title insurance activities of national banks and their affiliates.
Sec. 304. Expedited and equalized dispute resolution for Federal regulators.
Sec. 305. Insurance customer protections.
Sec. 306. Certain State affiliation laws preempted for insurance companies and affiliates.
Sec. 307. Interagency consultation.
Sec. 308. Definition of State.
Subtitle B—Redomestication of Mutual Insurers
Sec. 311. General application.
Sec. 312. Redomestication of mutual insurers.
Sec. 313. Effect on State laws restricting redomestication.
Sec. 314. Other provisions.
Sec. 315. Definitions.
Sec. 316. Effective date.
Subtitle C—National Association of Registered Agents and Brokers
Sec. 321. State flexibility in multistate licensing reforms.
Sec. 322. National Association of Registered Agents and Brokers.
Sec. 323. Purpose.
Sec. 324. Relationship to the Federal Government.
Sec. 325. Membership.
Sec. 326. Board of directors.
Sec. 327. Officers.
Sec. 328. Bylaws, rules, and disciplinary action.
Sec. 329. Assessments.
Sec. 330. Functions of the NAIC.
Sec. 331. Liability of the association and the directors, officers, and employees of the association.
Sec. 332. Elimination of NAIC oversight.
Sec. 333. Relationship to State law.
Sec. 334. Coordination with other regulators.
Sec. 335. Judicial review.
Sec. 336. Definitions.
Subtitle D—Rental Car Agency Insurance Activities
Sec. 341. Standard of regulation for motor vehicle rentals.
TITLE IV—UNITARY SAVINGS AND LOAN HOLDING COMPANIES
Sec. 401. Prevention of creation of new S&L holding companies with commercial affiliates.
TITLE V—PRIVACY
Subtitle A—Disclosure of Nonpublic Personal Information
Sec. 501. Protection of nonpublic personal information.
Sec. 502. Obligations with respect to disclosures of personal information.
Sec. 503. Disclosure of institution privacy policy.
Sec. 504. Rulemaking.
Sec. 505. Enforcement.
Sec. 506. Protection of Fair Credit Reporting Act.
Sec. 507. Relation to State laws.
Sec. 508. Study of information sharing among financial affiliates.
Sec. 509. Definitions.
Sec. 510. Effective date.
Subtitle B—Fraudulent Access to Financial Information
Sec. 521. Privacy protection for customer information of financial institutions.
Sec. 522. Administrative enforcement.
Sec. 523. Criminal penalty.
Sec. 524. Relation to State laws.
Sec. 525. Agency guidance.
Sec. 526. Reports.
Sec. 527. Definitions.
TITLE VI—FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK SYSTEM MODERNIZATION
Sec. 601. Short title.
Sec. 602. Definitions.
Sec. 603. Savings association membership.
Sec. 604. Advances to members; collateral.
Sec. 605. Eligibility criteria.
Sec. 606. Management of banks.
Sec. 607. Resolution Funding Corporation.
Sec. 608. Capital structure of Federal home loan banks.
TITLE VII—OTHER PROVISIONS
Subtitle A—ATM Fee Reform
Sec. 701. Short title.
Sec. 702. Electronic fund transfer fee disclosures at any host ATM.
Sec. 703. Disclosure of possible fees to consumers when ATM card is issued.
Sec. 704. Feasibility study.
Sec. 705. No liability if posted notices are damaged.
Subtitle B—Community Reinvestment
Sec. 711. CRA sunshine requirements.
Sec. 712. Small bank regulatory relief.
Sec. 713. Federal Reserve Board study of CRA lending.
Sec. 714. Preserving the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977.
Sec. 715. Responsiveness to community needs for financial services.
Subtitle C—Other Regulatory Improvements
Sec. 721. Expanded small bank access to S corporation treatment.
Sec. 722. `Plain language' requirement for Federal banking agency rules.
Sec. 723. Retention of `Federal' in name of converted Federal savings association.
Sec. 724. Control of bankers' banks.
Sec. 725. Provision of technical assistance to microenterprises.
Sec. 726. Federal Reserve audits.
Sec. 727. Authorization to release reports.
Sec. 728. General Accounting Office study of conflicts of interest.
Sec. 729. Study and report on adapting existing legislative requirements to online banking and lending.
Sec. 730. Clarification of source of strength doctrine.
Sec. 731. Interest rates and other charges at interstate branches.
Sec. 732. Interstate branches and agencies of foreign banks.
Sec. 733. Fair treatment of women by financial advisers.
Sec. 734. Membership of loan guarantee boards.
Sec. 735. Repeal of stock loan limit in Federal Reserve Act.
Sec. 736. Elimination of SAIF and DIF special reserves.
Sec. 737. Bank officers and directors as officers and directors of public utilities.
Sec. 738. Approval for purchases of securities.
Sec. 739. Optional conversion of Federal savings associations.
Sec. 740. Grand jury proceedings.


Approved November 12, 1999.


Legislative History

  • HOUSE REPORTS:
    • No. 106-74, Pts. 1 and 2 (Comm. on Banking and Financial Services)
    • No. 106-74, Pt. 3 (Comm. on Commerce) accompanying H.R. 10
    • No. 106-434 (Comm. of Conference)
  • SENATE REPORTS:
    • No. 106-44 (Comm. on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs).
  • CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 145 (1999):
    • May 4-6, considered and passed Senate.
    • July 20, considered and passed House, amended, in lieu of H.R. 10.
    • Nov. 3, Senate considered conference report.
    • Nov. 4, Senate and House agreed to conference report.
  • WEEKLY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS, Vol. 35 (1999):
    • Nov. 12, Presidential remarks and statement.
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