Cheboksary
Cheboksary (/ˌtʃɛbɒkˈsæri/; Russian: Чебокса́ры; Chuvash: Шупашкар, tr. Šupaškar) is the capital city of Chuvashia, Russia. It is also a major port on the Volga River.
Cheboksary
Чебоксары | |
|---|---|
City[1] | |
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Chuvash | Шупашкар |
 Flag .svg.png.webp) Coat of arms | |
| Anthem: Anthem of Cheboksary[2][3] | |
Location of Cheboksary | |
  Cheboksary Location of Cheboksary .svg.png.webp) Cheboksary Cheboksary (European Russia)  Cheboksary Cheboksary (Europe) | |
| Coordinates: 56°09′N 47°14′E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Chuvashia[1] |
| First mentioned | 1469[4] |
| City status since | 1781[4] |
| Government | |
| • Body | City Assembly of Deputies[5] |
| • Head[5] | Oleg Nikolayev[6] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 250.9 km2 (96.9 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 150 m (490 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 453,721 |
| • Estimate (2018)[9] | 492,331 (+8.5%) |
| • Rank | 39th in 2010 |
| • Density | 1,800/km2 (4,700/sq mi) |
Administrative status | |
| • Subordinated to | city of republic significance of Cheboksary[1] |
| • Capital of | Chuvash Republic[1] |
| • Capital of | city of republic significance of Cheboksary[1] |
Municipal status | |
| • Urban okrug | Cheboksary Urban Okrug[10] |
| • Capital of | Cheboksary Urban Okrug[10] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [11]) |
| Postal code(s)[12] | 428000–428006, 428008–428015, 428017–428025, 428027–428029,428031, 428032, 428034–428038, 428899, 428999, 996200 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8352 |
| OKTMO ID | 97701000001 |
| City Day | Third Sunday of August |
| Twin towns | Antalya, Eger, Santa Clara, Krasnoyarsk, Penza |
| Website | gov |
History
Cheboksary was first mentioned in the 15th century by Russian soldiers that were on their way to invade the Khanate of Kazan. In European maps, the city was first shown as Cibocar and Veda-Suar. In 1555, the Russians built a fort there and in 1781 it was granted town status.[4] In 1965, the population of Cheboksary had grown to 163,000.
Population
Population: 453,721 (2010 Census);[8] 440,621 (2002 Census);[13] 419,592 (1989 Census).[14]
The city of Cheboksary together with its satellite city Novocheboksarsk form an agglomeration with a population of more than 680 thousand people.
Education
Some educational institutions include the Chuvash State University, Chuvash State Agriculture Academy, the Chuvash State Pedagogical University, and the Cheboksary Cooperative Technical School.
- Cheboksary Physics and Mathematics School
- Cheboksary Cooperative Institute
Economy
Cheboksary is located nearby the Cheboksary Dam, which provides large amounts of hydroelectric power. It is also the headquarters of Concern Tractor Plants, Russia's largest machine building company.
Climate
The climate of the city is continental (Köppen classification system: Dfb). Its climate is similar to that of Moscow.
| Climate data for Cheboksary (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1929–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.7 (40.5) |
5.0 (41.0) |
13.5 (56.3) |
28.6 (83.5) |
32.6 (90.7) |
36.4 (97.5) |
38.6 (101.5) |
39.9 (103.8) |
29.7 (85.5) |
25.0 (77.0) |
13.4 (56.1) |
7.0 (44.6) |
39.9 (103.8) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −7.3 (18.9) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
9.9 (49.8) |
18.9 (66.0) |
22.5 (72.5) |
24.9 (76.8) |
22.5 (72.5) |
16.2 (61.2) |
7.9 (46.2) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −10.0 (14.0) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
5.3 (41.5) |
13.4 (56.1) |
17.5 (63.5) |
19.7 (67.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
11.7 (53.1) |
4.7 (40.5) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
4.6 (40.3) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −12.7 (9.1) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
1.3 (34.3) |
8.3 (46.9) |
12.7 (54.9) |
14.9 (58.8) |
13.0 (55.4) |
8.0 (46.4) |
2.1 (35.8) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
1.1 (34.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −42.3 (−44.1) |
−42.2 (−44.0) |
−32.5 (−26.5) |
−21.4 (−6.5) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
−29.9 (−21.8) |
−44.3 (−47.7) |
−44.3 (−47.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 32 (1.3) |
24 (0.9) |
29 (1.1) |
33 (1.3) |
41 (1.6) |
64 (2.5) |
70 (2.8) |
59 (2.3) |
51 (2.0) |
58 (2.3) |
43 (1.7) |
36 (1.4) |
540 (21.3) |
| Average rainy days | 2 | 0 | 3 | 10 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 20 | 15 | 11 | 10 | 127 |
| Average snowy days | 25 | 16 | 16 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 14 | 23 | 105 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 85 | 80 | 79 | 58 | 56 | 59 | 52 | 62 | 74 | 79 | 87 | 86 | 71 |
| Source: Погода и Климат[16] | |||||||||||||
References
- Law #28
- Charter of Cheboksary, Article 4
- Decision #1525
- Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. pp. 510–512. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- Charter of Cheboksary, Article 23
- Official website of Cheboksary. Leonid Ilyich Cherkesov, Head of the City of Cheboksary (in Russian)
- Resolution #2083
- Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
- Law #37
- "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved 9 Feb 2012.
- Demoscope Weekly (1989). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved 9 Feb 2012.
- Национальный состав населения районов и городов Чувашской Республики по данным переписи населения 2002 года
- "Climate Cheboksary". Pogoda.ru.net. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
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