1266
1266 (MCCLXVI) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1266th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 266th year of the 2nd millennium, the 66th year of the 13th century, and the 7th year of the 1260s decade. As of the start of 1266, the Gregorian calendar was 7 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 12th century – 13th century – 14th century |
| Decades: | 1230s 1240s 1250s – 1260s – 1270s 1280s 1290s |
| Years: | 1263 1264 1265 – 1266 – 1267 1268 1269 |
| Gregorian calendar | 1266 MCCLXVI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2019 |
| Armenian calendar | 715 ԹՎ ՉԺԵ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6016 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1187–1188 |
| Bengali calendar | 673 |
| Berber calendar | 2216 |
| English Regnal year | 50 Hen. 3 – 51 Hen. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1810 |
| Burmese calendar | 628 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6774–6775 |
| Chinese calendar | 乙丑年 (Wood Ox) 3962 or 3902 — to — 丙寅年 (Fire Tiger) 3963 or 3903 |
| Coptic calendar | 982–983 |
| Discordian calendar | 2432 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1258–1259 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5026–5027 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1322–1323 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1187–1188 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4366–4367 |
| Holocene calendar | 11266 |
| Igbo calendar | 266–267 |
| Iranian calendar | 644–645 |
| Islamic calendar | 664–665 |
| Japanese calendar | Bun'ei 3 (文永３年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1176–1177 |
| Julian calendar | 1266 MCCLXVI |
| Korean calendar | 3599 |
| Minguo calendar | 646 before ROC 民前646年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −202 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1808–1809 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴木牛年 (female Wood-Ox) 1392 or 1011 or 239 — to — 阳火虎年 (male Fire-Tiger) 1393 or 1012 or 240 |
Events
Europe
- February 26 – In the Battle of Benevento, an army led by Charles, Count of Anjou, defeats a combined German and Sicilian force led by King Manfred of Sicily. Manfred is killed in the battle and Pope Clement IV invests Charles as king of Sicily and Naples.
- July – Mary de Ferrers ordered to surrender land and Liverpool Castle to Edmund, second son of Henry III.
- October – In England, the Second Barons' War winds down as supporters of the slain rebel leader Simon de Montfort make an offer of peace to the king in the Dictum of Kenilworth; after slight modifications to the peace settlement, it is agreed to the following year.
- The war between Scotland and Norway ends as King Alexander III of Scotland and King Magnus VI of Norway agree to the Treaty of Perth, which cedes the Western Isles and Isle of Man to Scotland in exchange for a large monetary payment.
- In France, the gold écu and silver grosh coins are minted for the first time.
Asia
- Niccolo and Maffeo Polo, brother and uncle of Marco Polo reach Kublai Khan's capital Khanbaliq (now Beijing) in China, setting the stage for Marco's famous expedition starting five years later. Kublai Khan sends the Polos back with a message requesting the pope dispatch western scholars to teach in the Mongol Empire; however, this request is largely ignored.
- The Mamluk sultan Baibars expands his domain, capturing the city of Byblos (in present-day Lebanon) and the important castle of Toron from crusader states, and defeating the Armenians at Cilicia.
Births
- Hethum II of Armenia (died 1307)
- Beatrice Portinari, Dante Alighieri's beloved and guide through Heaven in The Divine Comedy (died 1290)
Deaths
- February 26 – King Manfred of Sicily
- October 21 – Birger jarl, Swedish regent and founder of Stockholm (born about 1210)
- Berke, khan of the Golden Horde
- Hugh Bigod, Justiciar of England
- Ariq Boke, regent of the Mongol Empire
- Eudes of Burgundy, Count of Nevers (born 1230)
- John of Ibelin, jurist of the Kingdom of Jerusalem (born 1215)
- Duke Świętopełk II of Pomerania
- Marie de Saint-Clair, grand master of the Priory of Sion
- May 7 — Farid-ud-din Ganj Shakar
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