1578
1578 (MDLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1578th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 578th year of the 2nd millennium, the 78th year of the 16th century, and the 9th year of the 1570s decade. As of the start of 1578, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 15th century – 16th century – 17th century |
| Decades: | 1540s 1550s 1560s – 1570s – 1580s 1590s 1600s |
| Years: | 1575 1576 1577 – 1578 – 1579 1580 1581 |
| Gregorian calendar | 1578 MDLXXVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2331 |
| Armenian calendar | 1027 ԹՎ ՌԻԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6328 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1499–1500 |
| Bengali calendar | 985 |
| Berber calendar | 2528 |
| English Regnal year | 20 Eliz. 1 – 21 Eliz. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2122 |
| Burmese calendar | 940 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7086–7087 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁丑年 (Fire Ox) 4274 or 4214 — to — 戊寅年 (Earth Tiger) 4275 or 4215 |
| Coptic calendar | 1294–1295 |
| Discordian calendar | 2744 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1570–1571 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5338–5339 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1634–1635 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1499–1500 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4678–4679 |
| Holocene calendar | 11578 |
| Igbo calendar | 578–579 |
| Iranian calendar | 956–957 |
| Islamic calendar | 985–986 |
| Japanese calendar | Tenshō 6 (天正６年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1497–1498 |
| Julian calendar | 1578 MDLXXVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3911 |
| Minguo calendar | 334 before ROC 民前334年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 110 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2120–2121 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴火牛年 (female Fire-Ox) 1704 or 1323 or 551 — to — 阳土虎年 (male Earth-Tiger) 1705 or 1324 or 552 |
Events
- January 31 – Battle of Gemblours – Spanish forces under Don John of Austria and Alexander Farnese defeat the Dutch. Don John begins to recover control of the French-speaking Southern Netherlands
- August 4 – Battle of Al Kasr al Kebir – The Moroccans defeat the Portuguese. King Sebastian I of Portugal is defeated and killed in North Africa, leaving his elderly uncle, Cardinal Henry, as his heir. This initiates a succession crisis in Portugal.
- October 1 – Alexander Farnese, Prince of Parma, succeeds Don John as Spanish Governor-General of the Netherlands.
- Martin Frobisher held the first celebration of Thanksgiving by Europeans in North American at Newfoundland by the Frobisher Expedition.
- Tibet – Sonam Gyrso receives from prince Atlan Khan the title of "Talaï" and becomes the third Dalai Lama.
- Battle of Wenden – The Russians are defeated by the Swedes, who proceed to take Polotsk.
- The Ottoman Empire conquers Abkhazia.
- Sixth and so far the last outbreak of the sweating sickness in England
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