Umm Muhammad bint Salih
أم محمد بنت صالح
Consort of the Abbasid caliph
PredecessorAzizah bint al-Ghitrif,
Amat al-Aziz Ghadir
SuccessorAbbasa bint Sulayman
Bornc. 770s
Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate
Died810s
Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate
Spouse
Names
Umm Muhammad bint Salih al-Miskin ibn Abdallah al-Mansur
DynastyAbbasid
FatherSalih al-Miskin ibn Abdallah al-Mansur
MotherUmm Abdallah bint Isa ibn Ali
ReligionIslam

Umm Muḥammad bint Ṣāliḥ (Arabic: أم محمد بنت صالح) was an Abbasid princess, niece of third Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi and wife of caliph Harun al-Rashid.

Ancestry

Her full name was Umm Muhammad bint Salih al-Miskin ibn Abdallah al-Mansur.

Her grandmother was a concubine Qali-al Farrashah.[1] She was a Greek, and was the mother of Al-Mansur's son Salih al-Miskin.[1] Her father, Salih al-Miskin was one of the youngest sons of caliph Al-Mansur.

Biography

Umm Muhammad was the wife Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid. He was also her half-cousin.

Umm Muhammad was the daughter of Salih al-Miskin and Umm Abdullah, the daughter of Isa ibn Ali. They married in November-December 803 in Al-Raqqah. She had been formerly been married to Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi, who had repudiated her.[2]

Her first husband Ibrahim was the half-brother of Harun al-Rashid. She married him in early 780s however, just a few years later Ibrahim separated from her. After her formal divorce from her first husband, Caliph Harun al-Rashid married her.

Umm Muhammad became the second wife of Harun al-Rashid from Abbasid house. His first wife Zubaidah bint Ja'far was also an Abbasid princess and granddaughter of al-Mansur.

She spent most her life after marriage with Al-Rashid at the Caliphal palace along with al-Rashid's other wives. She died in 810s.

Family

Umm Muhammad was related to Abbasid house both paternally and maternally. She was contemporary and related to several Abbasid caliphs, prince and princesses.

No. Abbasids Relation
1 Al-Mahdi Uncle and Father-in-law
2 Musa al-Hadi Cousins and Brother-in-law
3 Harun al-Rashid Husband
4 Al-Amin[3] Step-son
5 Al-Ma'mun Step-son
6 Al-Qasim ibn Harun al-Rashid Step-son
7 Ali ibn Harun al-Rashid[3] Step-son
8 Sukaynah bint Harun al-Rashid Step-daughter
9 Hamdunah bint Harun al-Rashid Step-daughter
10 Fatimah bint Harun al-Rashid Step-daughter
11 Isa ibn al-Mahdi[4] Cousin and Brother-in-law


References

  1. 1 2 Al-Tabari; Hugh Kennedy (1990). The History of al-Tabari Vol. 29: Al-Mansur and al-Mahdi A.D. 763-786/A.H. 146-169. SUNY series in Near Eastern Studies. State University of New York Press. pp. 148–49.
  2. al-Tabari & Bosworth 1989, p. 326.
  3. 1 2 Abbott 1946, p. 141.
  4. Abbott 1946, p. 31.

Sources

  • Al-Tabari; Hugh Kennedy (1990). The History of al-Tabari Vol. 29: Al-Mansur and al-Mahdi A.D. 763-786/A.H. 146-169
  • al-Tabari, Muhammad Ibn Yarir; Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1989). The History of al-Tabari Vol. 30: The 'Abbasid Caliphate in Equilibrium: The Caliphates of Musa al-Hadi and Harun al-Rashid A.D. 785-809/A.H. 169-193. Bibliotheca Persica. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-88706-564-4.
  • Abbott, Nabia (1946). Two Queens of Baghdad: Mother and Wife of Hārūn Al Rashīd. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-86356-031-6.
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