Tribodus
Temporal range:
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Order: †Hybodontiformes
Family: †Hybodontidae
Genus: †Tribodus
Brito & Ferreira, 1989
Type species
†Tribodus limae
Brito & Ferreira, 1989
Other species
  • Tribodus morlati Landemaine, 1991

Tribodus is an extinct genus of hybodont shark. It lived during the mid Cretaceous (Albian-Cenomanian) with fossils being known from northern South America, North Africa, and southern Europe.[1] This genus is known from articulated and somewhat complete specimens of Tribodus limae from the Romualdo Formation of northeastern Brazil, making it one of the few hybodonts to be known from full body remains.[2][3] Like other hybodonts, Tribodus had dorsal fin-spines and cephalic spines, in male individuals.[3] The skin of Tribodus had two distinct types of dermal denticles.[4] Tribodus limae reached a total length of about 1 metre (3.3 ft). Species of Tribodus have been found in shallow marine as well as fluvial and deltaic environments. It may have spawned in shallow-water vegetated areas.[5] The teeth of Tribodus were specialised for durophagy (consuming hard shelled organisms). They were small, less than 5 millimetres (3⁄16 in) across and polygonal with a low cusp, and collectively formed a flat pavement that was effective at grinding, similar to those of some living rays.[1][6] It is suggested to have been a benthic feeder, with shrimp being discovered as stomach contents in some specimens.[3]

References

  1. 1 2 R. Vullo, D. Néraudeau When the “primitive” shark Tribodus (Hybodontiformes) meets the “modern” ray Pseudohypolophus (Rajiformes), the unique co-occurrence of these two durophagous Cretaceous selachians in Charentes (SW France) Acta Geologica Polonica, 58 (2) (2008), pp. 249-255
  2. ↑ Maisey, J.G.; Denton, J.S.S. (2016). "Dermal denticle patterning in the Cretaceous hybodont shark Tribodus limae (Euselachii, Hybodontiformes), and its implications for the evolution of patterning in the chondrichthyan dermal skeleton". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (5): e1179200-2. Bibcode:2016JVPal..36E9200M. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1179200.
  3. 1 2 3 Lane, Jennifer A.; Maisey, John G. (2012). "The Visceral Skeleton and Jaw Suspension In the Durophagous Hybodontid Shark Tribodus limae from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil". Journal of Paleontology. 86 (5): 886–905. Bibcode:2012JPal...86..886L. doi:10.1666/11-139.1. ISSN 0022-3360. S2CID 86285896.
  4. ↑ Maisey, John G.; Denton, John S. S. (2016-09-02). "Dermal denticle patterning in the Cretaceous hybodont shark Tribodus limae (Euselachii, Hybodontiformes), and its implications for the evolution of patterning in the chondrichthyan dermal skeleton". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (5): e1179200. Bibcode:2016JVPal..36E9200M. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1179200. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 88591830.
  5. ↑ Vullo, Romain; Néraudeau, Didier; Dépré, Eric (October 2013). "Vertebrate remains from the Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous) plant-bearing Lagerstätte of Puy-Puy (Charente-Maritime, France)". Cretaceous Research. 45: 314–320. Bibcode:2013CrRes..45..314V. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2013.06.002.
  6. ↑ Benyoucef, Madani; Pérez-García, Adán; Bendella, Mohamed; Ortega, Francisco; Vullo, Romain; Bouchemla, Imad; Ferré, Bruno (2022-07-06). "The "mid"-Cretaceous (Lower Cenomanian) Continental Vertebrates of Gara Samani, Algeria. Sedimentological Framework and Palaeodiversity". Frontiers in Earth Science. 10. Bibcode:2022FrEaS..10.7059B. doi:10.3389/feart.2022.927059. ISSN 2296-6463.


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