Since 1963, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) has assigned local names to a tropical cyclone should it move into or form as a tropical depression in their area of responsibility located between 135°E and 115°E and between 5°N-25°N, even if the cyclone has had an international name assigned to it. All three agencies that have assigned names to tropical cyclones within the Western Pacific have retired the names of significant tropical cyclones, with the PAGASA retiring names if a cyclone has caused at least ₱1 billion (~20 million USD) in damage and/or have caused at least 300 deaths within the Philippines. While it hasn't been announced yet, Egay (Doksuri) and Goring (Saola) Meet the criteria for retirement.

Since 1963, the naming lists have been revised in 1979, 1985, 2001 (after a contest called the "Name a Bagyo Contest", conducted by the PAGASA in 1998, where 140 entries were submitted in 1998 to revise the naming system for typhoons within their area of responsibility starting that season), 2005 (for various reasons, including to help minimize confusion in the historical records and to remove the names that might have negative associations with real persons), and 2021 (where the "Reserved List" was introduced).[1][2][3] Within this list, all information with regards to intensity is taken from while the system was in the Philippine Area of Responsibility, and is thus taken from the PAGASA's archives, rather than the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) or Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)'s archives.

Background

The Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) for tropical cyclone warnings

The practice of using names to identify tropical cyclones goes back several centuries, with tropical cyclones being named after affected places, saints or things they hit before the formal start of naming in the Western Pacific.[4][5] These included the Kamikaze, 1906 Hong Kong typhoon, 1922 Swatow typhoon and the 1934 Muroto typhoon.[6]

The practice of retiring significant names was started during 1955 by the United States Weather Bureau in the Atlantic Ocean, after hurricanes Carol, Edna, and Hazel struck the Northeastern United States and caused a significant amount of damage in the previous year.[4] Initially the names were only designed to be retired for ten years after which they might be reintroduced, however, it was decided at the 1969 Interdepartmental hurricane conference, that any significant hurricane in the future would have its name permanently retired.[4][7] Several names have been removed from the naming lists by the PAGASA for other reasons, than causing a significant amount of death/destruction, which include being similar to other names and political reasons.[8][9]


PAGASA retires a name it has assigned after the season if the system has either killed at least 300 people or has caused PHP1 billion in damage to infrastructure and agriculture, based on reports from the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council.[10] PAGASA has removed names from the list for various other reasons, than causing a significant amount of death/destruction. These names include Gloria in 2005, due to President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's disputed win in the 2004 Philippine presidential election and her subsequent involvement in the Hello Garci scandal and Nonoy in 2015 which sounded similar to Noynoy, which was President Benigno Aquino III's nickname.[11][12]

As of 2023, 75 tropical cyclone names have been retired by the PAGASA, with the most recent being Agaton, Florita, Karding, and Paeng of the previous typhoon season.

Names retired in the 1960s

NameReplacementDates activeCategorySustained
wind speeds		PressureProvinces affectedDamage
(PHP)		DeathsMissingRefs
Dading (Winnie)DidangJune 26 - July 3, 1964TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzonUnknown100[13]
Welming (Emma)WarlingOctober 31 - November 8, 1967TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedVisayas, LuzonUnknown30064[13]

Names retired in the 1970s

NameReplacementDates activeCategorySustained
wind speeds		PressureProvinces affectedDamage
(PHP)		DeathsMissingRefs
Pitang (Georgia)PasingSeptember 8 - 12, 1970TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzon₱9 million175[13]​[14]​[15]
Sening (Joan)SusangOctober 12 - 15, 1970TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzon, Visayas₱79 million575193[13]​[16]
Titang (Kate)TeringOctober 16 – 22, 1970TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedMindanao, Visayas₱81 million631284[13]​[16]
Yoling (Patsy)YaningNovember 17 – 20, 1970TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzon₱460 million8017[13]​[17]​[18]
Wening (Elaine)WelingOctober 23 – November 1, 1974TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzon₱1.48 billion23[13]
Didang (Olga)DitangMay 12 – 26, 1976TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzon₱625 million347[13]​[19]
Unding (Kim)UnsingNovember 6 – 17, 1977TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzonunspecified1040[13]
Atang (Olive)AkangApril 15 – 26, 1978TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedVisayas, Luzon₱245 million111Unknown[13]​[20]
Kading (Rita)KatringOctober 15 – 29, 1978TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzon₱7.38 billion444354

Names retired in the 1980s

NameReplacementDates activeCategorySustained
wind speeds		PressureProvinces affectedDamage
(PHP)		DeathsMissingRefs
Nitang (Ike)NingningAugust 26 – September 6, 1984TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedVisayas, Luzon₱4.05 billion1,029[13]​[21]​[22]​[14]
Undang (Agnes)UnsangNovember 3 – 6, 1984TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedVisayas, Luzon₱1.54 billion1,116[13]​[17]​[22]​[14]
Herming (Betty)HelmingAugust 8 – 14, 1987TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzon, Visayas₱2 billion94[13]​[14]​[23]
Sisang (Nina)SendangNovember 16 – 30, 1987TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzon₱1.49 billion808[13]​[17]​[22]​[24]
Unsang (Ruby)UlpiangOctober 21 – 26, 1988TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzon₱5.64 billion288[nb 1]​[13]​[25]​[14]
Yoning (Skip)YerlingNovember 3 – 12, 1988TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedVisayas, Luzon₱3.06 billion23795[13]​[18]​[26]

Names retired in the 1990s

NameReplacementDates activeCategorySustained
wind speeds		PressureProvinces affectedDamage
(PHP)		DeathsMissingRefs
Ruping (Mike)RitangNovember 5 – 18, 1990TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedVisayas₱10.3 billion748[13]​[24]​[27]​[28]
Uring (Thelma)UldingNovember 1 – 8, 1991TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedVisayas₱839 million5,1013,000[13]​[21]​[22]​[24]
Monang (Lola)MilingDecember 1 – 9, 1993TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedVisayas₱1.05 billion2300[13]
Rosing (Angela)ReningOctober 25 – November 7, 1995TyphoonNot specifiedNot specifiedLuzon₱9.33 billion882[13]​[25]​[28]
Iliang (Zeb)Not ReplacedOctober 11 – 14, 1998Super Typhoon240 km/h (150 mph)900 hPa (26.58 inHg)Southern Luzon₱5.38 billion4629[13]​[29]​[30]
Loleng (Babs)Not ReplacedOctober 15 – 24, 1998Super Typhoon190 km/h (115 mph)940 hPa (27.76 inHg)Visayas, Luzon₱6.79 billion30329[13]​[29]​[31]

Names retired in the 2000s

NameReplacementDates activeCategorySustained
wind speeds		PressureProvinces affectedDamage
(PHP)		DeathsMissingRefs
Nanang (Lingling)NandoNovember 6 – 10, 2001Typhoon120 km/h (75 mph)Not SpecifiedLuzon₱4.67 billion23688[32]​[33]​[29]
Harurot (Imbudo)HannaJuly 19 – 23, 2003Super Typhoon185 km/h (115 mph)941 hPa (27.79 inHg)Luzon₱4.73 billion642[32]​[34]​[35]
Unding (Muifa)UlyssesNovember 14 – 21, 2004Typhoon120 km/h (75 mph)976 hPa (28.82 inHg)Luzon₱853 million6869[32]​[36]​[37]
Violeta (Merbok)VickyNovember 22 – 23, 2004Tropical Depression55 km/h (35 mph)1000 hPa (29.53 inHg)Luzon₱2.1 billion2917[32]​[37]​[38]​[39]
WinnieWarrenNovember 27 – 30, 2004Tropical Depression55 km/h (35 mph)1000 hPa (29.53 inHg)Luzon₱679 million1,619713[32]​[37]​[40]
Milenyo (Xangsane)MarioSeptember 25 – 29, 2006Typhoon155 km/h (100 mph)972 hPa (28.70 inHg)Luzon, Visayas₱6.61 billion11079[32]​[28]​[41]​[42]
Reming (Durian)RubyNovember 28 – December 2, 2006Super Typhoon195 km/h (120 mph)938 hPa (27.70 inHg)Luzon, Visayas₱6.05 billion1,400762[32]​[43]​[44]​[45]
Cosme (Halong)CarinaMay 15 – 19, 2008Severe Tropical Storm110 km/h (70 mph)970 hPa (28.64 inHg)Luzon₱4.71 billion513[32]
Frank (Fengshen)FerdieJune 18 – 23, 2008Typhoon165 km/h (105 mph)958 hPa (28.29 inHg)Luzon, Visayas₱13.5 billion1,50187[nb 2]​[32]​[46]​[47]
Feria (Nangka)FabianJune 23 – 27, 2009Tropical Storm75 km/h (45 mph)994 hPa (29.35 inHg)Luzon₱1 billion110[48]
Ondoy (Ketsana)OdetteSeptember 24 – 27, 2009Severe Tropical Storm110 km/h (70 mph)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)Luzon₱11 billion46437[32]​[49]​[50]
Pepeng (Parma)PaoloSeptember 30 – October 10, 2009Super Typhoon195 km/h (120 mph)938 hPa (27.70 inHg)Visayas, Luzon₱27.3 billion46547[32]​[50]​[51]

Names retired in the 2010s

NameReplacementDates activeCategorySustained
wind speeds		PressureProvinces affectedDamage
(PHP)		DeathsMissingRefs
Juan (Megi)JoseOctober 15 – 20, 2010Super Typhoon220 km/h (140 mph)885 hPa (26.13 inHg)Luzon₱12 billion314[32]​[52]​[53]
Katring (Chaba)KardingOctober 23 – 26, 2010Typhoon150 km/h (90 mph)963 hPa (28.44 inHg)NoneNoneNoneNone[32]​[54]
Bebeng (Aere)BettyMay 6 – 10, 2011Tropical Storm85 km/h (50 mph)992 hPa (29.29 inHg)Luzon, Visayas₱2.25 billion352[32]​[55]​[56]
Juaning (Nock-ten)JennyJuly 24 – 28, 2011Severe Tropical Storm95 km/h (60 mph)985 hPa (29.09 inHg)Visayas, Luzon₱4.44 billion77Unknown[32]​[57]​[58]
Mina (Nanmadol)MarilynAugust 21 – 29, 2011Super Typhoon195 km/h (120 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)Luzon₱2.09 billion368[32]​[59]​[60]
Pedring (Nesat)PerlaSeptember 24 – 28, 2011Typhoon140 km/h (85 mph)967 hPa (28.56 inHg)Luzon₱14.6 billion850[32]​[58]​[61]
Sendong (Washi)SarahDecember 14 – 18, 2011Severe Tropical Storm95 km/h (60 mph)992 hPa (29.29 inHg)Visayas, Mindanao₱2.07 billion1,268181[32]​[62]​[63]
Pablo (Bopha)PepitoDecember 2 – 9, 2012Super Typhoon185 km/h (115 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)Mindanao, Visayas,​Luzon₱36.9 billion1,901844[32]​[64]​[65]
Labuyo (Utor)LannieAugust 9 – 13, 2013Super Typhoon195 km/h (120 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)Luzon₱1.42 billion113[32]​[66]
Santi (Nari)SalomeOctober 8 – 13, 2013Typhoon140 km/h (85 mph)965 hPa (28.50 inHg)Luzon₱3.33 billion155[32]​[67]
Yolanda (Haiyan)YasminNovember 6 – 9, 2013Super Typhoon230 km/h (145 mph)914 hPa (26.99 inHg)Visayas, Mindanao, Palawan₱95.5 billion6,3001,062[32]​[68]​[21]
Glenda (Rammasun)GardoJuly 13 – 17, 2014Typhoon165 km/h (105 mph)935 hPa (27.61 inHg)Luzon₱38.6 billion1066[32]
Jose (Halong)JosieAugust 2 – 7, 2014Super Typhoon195 km/h (120 mph)920 hPa (27.17 inHg)Luzon₱1.59 billion20[32]
Mario (Fung-wong)MaymaySeptember 17 – 21, 2014Tropical Storm85 km/h (50 mph)985 hPa (29.09 inHg)Luzon₱3.4 billion184[32]
Ruby (Hagupit)RositaDecember 3 – 10, 2014Super Typhoon215 km/h (130 mph)905 hPa (26.72 inHg)Visayas, Luzon₱5.1 billion180[32]​[69]
Seniang (Jangmi)SamuelDecember 28 – 31, 2014Tropical Storm75 km/h (45 mph)996 hPa (29.41 inHg)Visayas, Mindanao₱1.27 billion666[32]
Lando (Koppu)LiwaywayOctober 14 – 22, 2015Super Typhoon185 km/h (115 mph)920 hPa (27.17 inHg)Luzon₱14.6 billion4883[32]​[70]
Nona (Melor)NimfaDecember 9 – 17, 2015Typhoon175 km/h (110 mph)935 hPa (27.61 inHg)Luzon, Visayas₱7.02 billion424[32]​[71]
Karen (Sarika)KristineOctober 11 – 16, 2016Typhoon175 km/h (110 mph)935 hPa (27.61 inHg)Luzon₱3.66 billion00[32]​[72]
Lawin (Haima)LeonOctober 16 – 21, 2016Super Typhoon215 km/h (130 mph)900 hPa (26.58 inHg)Luzon₱5.95 billion140[32]​[73]
Nina (Nock-ten)NikaDecember 22 – 28, 2016Super Typhoon195 km/h (120 mph)915 hPa (27.02 inHg)Luzon₱5.92 billion1321[32]​[74]
Urduja (Kai-tak)UwanDecember 11 – 19, 2017Tropical Storm85 km/h (50 mph)993 hPa (29.32 inHg)Visayas₱3.94 billion4744[75]
Vinta (Tembin)VerbenaDecember 20 – 24, 2017Typhoon120 km/h (75 mph)973 hPa (28.73 inHg)Visayas, Mindanao₱2.1 billion173169[75]
Ompong (Mangkhut)ObetSeptember 12 – 15, 2018Super Typhoon205 km/h (125 mph)905 hPa (26.72 inHg)Luzon₱33.9 billion822[76]
Rosita (Yutu)RosalOctober 27 – 31, 2018Super Typhoon215 km/h (130 mph)900 hPa (26.58 inHg)Luzon₱2.9 billion200[76]
UsmanUmbertoDecember 25 – 29, 2018Tropical Depression55 km/h (35 mph)998 hPa (29.47 inHg)Visayas, Luzon₱5.41 billion15826[76]
Tisoy (Kammuri)TamarawNovember 24 – December 6, 2019Typhoon175 km/h (110 mph)945 hPa (27.91 inHg)Luzon, Visayas₱6.65 billion170[77]
Ursula (Phanfone)UgongDecember 23 – 29, 2019Typhoon150 km/h (90 mph)970 hPa (28.64 inHg)Luzon, Visayas₱4.38 billion576[77]

Names retired in the 2020s

NameReplacementDates activeCategorySustained
wind speeds		PressureProvinces affectedDamage
(PHP)		DeathsMissingRefs
Ambo (Vongfong)AghonMay 9 – 18, 2020Typhoon155 km/h (100 mph)960 hPa (28.35 inHg)Luzon, Visayas₱1.57 billion50[10]
Quinta (Molave)QuerubinOctober 23 – 29, 2020Typhoon165 km/h (105 mph)945 hPa (27.91 inHg)Luzon₱4.22 billion274[10]
Rolly (Goni)RominaOctober 31 – November 2, 2020Super Typhoon220 km/h (140 mph)905 hPa (26.72 inHg)Luzon₱17.9 billion310[10]
Ulysses (Vamco)UpangNovember 9 – 12, 2020Typhoon155 km/h (100 mph)955 hPa (28.20 inHg)Luzon₱20.2 billion10210[10]
Jolina (Conson)JacintoSeptember 5 – 13, 2021Severe Tropical Storm95 km/h (60 mph)992 hPa (29.29 inHg)Luzon, Visayas₱1.41 billion204[78]
Maring (Kompasu)MirasolOctober 7 – 14, 2021Severe Tropical Storm100 km/h (65 mph)975 hPa (28.79 inHg)Luzon₱7.39 billion4316[78]
Odette (Rai)OpongDecember 11 – 21, 2021Super Typhoon195 km/h (120 mph)915 hPa (27.02 inHg)Visayas, Mindanao, Palawan₱47.1 billion40552[78]
Agaton (Megi)AdaApril 8 – 12, 2022Tropical Storm75 km/h (45 mph)993 hPa (29.32 inHg)Visayas, Mindanao₱2.26 billion214132
Florita (Ma-on)FranciscoAugust 20 – 26, 2022Severe Tropical Storm100 km/h (65 mph)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)Luzon₱2.43 billion70
Karding (Noru)KiyapoSeptember 21 – October 1, 2022Super Typhoon175 km/h (110 mph)940 hPa (27.76 inHg)Luzon₱3.3 billion405
Paeng (Nalgae)PilandokOctober 26 – November 3, 2022Severe Tropical Storm110 km/h (70 mph)975 hPa (28.79 inHg)Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao₱13.8 billion16029

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The death and missing columns exclude deaths caused by Typhoon Ruby (Unsang), in the MV Doña Marilyn disaster.
  2. ↑ The death and missing columns includes deaths caused by Typhoon Fengshen (Frank), in the MV Princess of the Stars disaster.

References

  1. ↑ "Naming of Tropical Cyclones". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. December 3, 1998. Archived from the original on December 3, 1998. Retrieved June 21, 2012.
  2. ↑ Rivera, Blanche. "'Glenda' originally 'Gloria'". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on August 25, 2013. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
  3. ↑ "Philippine Tropical Cyclone Names". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 Dorst, Neal; Hurricane Research Division (October 23, 2012). "They Called the Wind Mahina: The History of Naming Cyclones". United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. Slides 8–72.
  5. ↑ Smith, Ray (1990). "What's in a Name?" (PDF). Weather and Climate. The Meteorological Society of New Zealand. 10 (1): 24–26. doi:10.2307/44279572. JSTOR 44279572. S2CID 201717866. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 29, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
  6. ↑ Landsea, Christopher W; Dorst, Neal M (June 1, 2014). "Subject: Tropical Cyclone Names: B1) How are tropical cyclones named?". Tropical Cyclone Frequently Asked Question. United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Hurricane Research Division. Archived from the original on October 12, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
  7. ↑ "It's time (June) to match for Anna...". The Daily Gleaner. Kingston, Jamaica. Reuters. June 1, 1969. p. 2. – via The Newspaper Archive (subscription required)
  8. ↑ RA IV Hurricane Committee (May 9, 2023). Hurricane Operational Plan for North America, Central America and the Caribbean 2023 (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved July 29, 2023.
  9. ↑ Landsea, Christopher W; Dorst, Neal (June 20, 2014). "Subject: B3) What storm names have been retired?". Tropical Cyclone Frequently Asked Questions. United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved June 21, 2014.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Annual Report on Philippine Tropical Cyclones 2020 (PDF) (Report). March 17, 2023. ISSN 2799-0575. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 2, 2023. Retrieved September 2, 2023.
  11. ↑ Blanche Rivera (July 26, 2006). "'Glenda' originally 'Gloria'". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on February 21, 2013. Retrieved June 25, 2012.
  12. ↑ "Tropical storm enters PAR, named 'Nona' instead of 'Nonoy'". SunStar Manila. December 13, 2015. Archived from the original on September 26, 2018. Retrieved November 30, 2019.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 "Decommissioned Domestic Name 1963-2000". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. January 23, 2021. Archived from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved March 22, 2022.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 "::..Typhoon2000.com: 20 Worst Typhoons of the Philippines (1947–2009)..::". www.typhoon2000.ph. Archived from the original on April 18, 2021. Retrieved November 18, 2013.
  15. ↑ "Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for the Month of September (1948-2000)". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on July 23, 2003. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
  16. 1 2 "Destructive Typhoons 1970–2003". Philippine National Disaster Coordinating Council. Archived from the original on November 12, 2004. Retrieved November 27, 2019.
  17. 1 2 3 "Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for the Month of November (1948-2000)". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on July 23, 2003. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
  18. 1 2 "::..Typhoon2000.com – 20 Worst Typhoons of Luzon, Philippines (1947–2002)..::". www.typhoon2000.ph. Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
  19. ↑ "Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for the Month of May (1948-2000)". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on July 23, 2003. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
  20. ↑ "Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for the Month of April (1948-2000)". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on July 23, 2003. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
  21. 1 2 3 Del Rosario, Eduardo D (November 13, 2015). Final Report on Typhoon "Yolanda" (Haiyan) (PDF) (Report). Phillippine National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. pp. 77–148. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 5, 2020. Retrieved March 27, 2022.
  22. 1 2 3 4 "Deadliest typhoons in the Philippines". ABS-CBNNews. November 8, 2013. Archived from the original on November 13, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
  23. ↑ "Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for the Month of August (1948-2000)". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on July 23, 2003. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
  24. 1 2 3 "Typhoon2000.com..::THE 12 WORST TYPHOONS OF THE PHILIPPINES (A SUMMARY)..::". www.typhoon2000.ph. Archived from the original on September 19, 2019. Retrieved November 18, 2013.
  25. 1 2 "Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for the Month of October (1948-2000)". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on July 23, 2003. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
  26. ↑ Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: 1988 Typhoon Skip (PDF) (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 30, 2019. Retrieved November 28, 2019.
  27. ↑ "Ruping prepared us for typhoon Yolanda". PhilStar. November 9, 2013. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013.
  28. 1 2 3 "5 typhoons that caused the heaviest damage to properties in the Philippines". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on January 25, 2014. Retrieved March 27, 2022.
  29. 1 2 3 "Destructive Typhoons 1970–2003". Philippine National Disaster Coordinating Council. Archived from the original on November 9, 2004. Retrieved November 27, 2019.
  30. ↑ "1998 PAGASA Tropical Cyclone Track Data: Iliang (Zeb)". Typhoon 2000. November 11, 1998. Archived from the original on August 28, 2002. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  31. ↑ "1998 PAGASA Tropical Cyclone Track Data: Loleng (Babs)". Typhoon 2000. November 27, 1998. Archived from the original on December 1, 2010. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 "Decommissioned Domestic Name since 2001". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. January 23, 2021. Archived from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved March 22, 2022.
  33. ↑ Padua, David M (July 2003). "Tropical Cyclone Logs: Harurot (Imbudo)". Typhoon 2000. Archived from the original on December 1, 2010. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  34. ↑ Super Typhoon "Harurot" (19 to 23 July 2003) (Report). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved October 5, 2013.
  35. ↑ Padua, David M (July 2003). "Tropical Cyclone Logs: Harurot (Imbudo)". Typhoon 2000. Archived from the original on February 18, 2020. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  36. ↑ Padua, David M (November 2004). "Tropical Cyclone Logs: Unding 2004". Typhoon 2000. Archived from the original on November 9, 2005. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  37. 1 2 3 "Philippines: Comprehensive report on the after-effects of 4 typhoons, damage assessment and relief/recovery operations". NDCC. December 9, 2004. Archived from the original on January 5, 2022. Retrieved January 22, 2012.
  38. ↑ Padua, David M (November 2004). "Tropical Cyclone Logs: Violeta 2004". Typhoon 2000. Archived from the original on September 25, 2006. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  39. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Track: Trop. Dep. "Violeta" (Merbok)". Archived from the original on December 11, 2013. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  40. ↑ Padua, David M (November 2004). "Tropical Cyclone Logs: Winnie 2004". Typhoon 2000. Archived from the original on November 9, 2005. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  41. ↑ Padua, David M (2006). "Tropical Cyclone Logs: Xangsane (Milenyo) 2006". Typhoon 2000. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 2, 2012. Retrieved January 22, 2012.
  42. ↑ National Disaster Coordinating Council (National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Center) (December 8, 2006). "Consolidated data on Typhoon Milenyo (Xangsane), TY Paeng (Cimaron) and TY Reming (Durian)". World Health Organisation. Archived from the original on October 18, 2009. Retrieved January 22, 2012.
  43. ↑ Padua, David M (June 10, 2011). "Tropical Cyclone Logs: Reming 2006". Typhoon 2000. Archived from the original on December 1, 2010. Retrieved December 31, 2011.
  44. ↑ Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (November 16, 2007). Hong Kong Observatory (ed.). Review of the 2007 Typhoon Season (Philippines) (PDF). 40th session of Typhoon Committee. World Meteorological Organisation, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. pp. 5–7. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 19, 2012. Retrieved January 22, 2012.
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