This list of natural disasters in New Zealand documents notable natural disasters and epidemics that have occurred in New Zealand since 1843. Of these natural disasters, the 1918 flu pandemic resulted in the highest loss of life with 8,600 deaths in New Zealand.[1][2]

Notable natural disasters

Colour pink scheme used in this table:
Earthquake
Flooding
Health Crisis
Landslide
Tsunami
Volcanic eruption
Weather
Wildfires
Year Type Deaths Place Region Cost Note Reference
1843Earthquake2WanganuiManawatuM 7+1843 Wanganui earthquake
1846Landslide60Lake TaupoWaikatoWorst landslide in New Zealand History[3]
1848Earthquake3BlenheimMarlboroughM 7.51848 Marlborough earthquake
1855Earthquake9WairarapaWellingtonM 8.31855 Wairarapa earthquake
1855TsunamiCook StraitCook StraitMaximum wave heights of 11m[4]
1858Flooding14Hutt ValleyWellington
1863Flooding200Central OtagoOtagoFloods and snowstorm
1868Weather40New ZealandNationwideCycloneGreat storm of 1868
1868Flooding9Totara, Waiareka ValleyOtago
1868Tsunami1East coast of New ZealandChileMaximum wave heights of 7m[5]
1877TsunamiEast coast of New ZealandChileMaximum wave heights of 3m[6]
1878Flooding3Clutha ValleyOtagoGreat Clutha flood of 1878[7]
1885Earthquake3PaekakarikiWellingtonM 5-6[8]
1886Volcanic153Mount TaraweraBay of PlentyDeath toll ranges 108–153 depending on source
1888Earthquake1Hanmer SpringsCanterburyM 7+1888 North Canterbury earthquake
1897Flooding12CliveHawke's Bay
1901Earthquake1CheviotCanterburyM 6.81901 Cheviot earthquake
1904Landslide8BrunnerWest Coast[9]
1904Earthquake1Cape TurnagainManawatuM 71904 Cape Turnagain earthquake
1913Earthquake1MastertonWellingtonM 5.6[8]
1914Landslide1NgatapaGisborne[10]
1914Volcanic10White IslandBay of PlentyLahar
1914Earthquake1East CapeGisborneM 6.61914 East Cape earthquakes
1918Wildfire3RaetihiManawatuRaetihi Forest Fire
1918Health Crisis8,600NationwideNew ZealandInfluenza virus struck between October and December 1918[11]
1923Landslide17TaumaranuiManawatuLandslide hit Auckland to Wellington express train near Taumaranui, killing 17 and injuring 30[3]
1923Landslide2Little RiverCanterbury[12]
1924Flooding1KaiwakaHawke's Bay[13]
1924Landslide1NapierHawke's BaySlip happened on Shakespeare Rd.[13]
1924TsunamiChatham IslandsUnknownMaximum wave heights of 6m[14]
1929Weather1East coast of New ZealandBay of Plenty, OtagoCyclone, caused violent wind in northeastern North Island and flooding throughout Dunedin and coastal Otago1929 New Zealand cyclone
1929Earthquake17MurchisonTasmanM 7.81929 Murchison earthquake
1931Earthquake256Napier/HastingsHawke's BayOfficial death toll of 256, reported death toll of 258. M 7.81931 Hawke's Bay earthquake
1934Earthquake2PahiatuaManawatuM 7.21934 Pahiatua earthquake
1936Weather12New ZealandNorth IslandCyclone, caused widespread flooding and destruction1936 New Zealand cyclone
1938Flooding21KopuawharaHawke's BayKopuawhara flash flood of 1938
1942Earthquake1WairarapaWellingtonM 6.91942 Wairarapa earthquakes
1942Weather1KaitaiaNorthlandTornado[15]
1947TsunamiEast CoastGisborneMaximum wave heights of 10m. 25 March[16]
1947TsunamiEast CoastGisborneMaximum wave heights of 5m. 17 May[16]
1948Weather3HamiltonWaikatoTornado[17]
1953Volcanic151TangiwaiManawatuLahar destroyed rail bridge, sending train into riverTangiwai disaster
1953Weather1AucklandAucklandTornado[18]
1960TsunamiEast coast of New ZealandChileMaximum wave heights of 4.5m[19]
1967Weather1North IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Dinah
1968Earthquake3InangahuaWest CoastM 7.11968 Inangahua earthquake
1968Weather59[lower-alpha 1] [20]North IslandNorth IslandCycloneCyclone Giselle
1973Weather1OpunakeTaranakiTornado[21]
1975Weather2NationwideNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Alison
1976Weather1Hutt Valley, WellingtonWellingtonHeavy rain caused slips and flooding1976 Wellington storm
1978FloodingClutha ValleyOtago1978 Otago flood
1979LandslideDunedinOtago69 houses destroyed1979 Abbotsford landslip
1980Weather1AucklandAucklandTornado[18]
1982Weather2Northern North IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Bernie
1984FloodingInvercargillSouthland$100,000,000+[22]
1985Landslide3Te ArohaWaikato[23]
1987Earthquake1EdgecumbeBay of Plenty$300,000,000[24]M 6.31987 Edgecumbe earthquake
1988Weather7East Coast of North IslandNorth Island$229,000,000CycloneCyclone Bola
1989WeatherNorthlandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Delilah
1990WeatherTaranakiNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Hilda
1991Weather1AucklandAucklandTornado[25]
1994WeatherSouthwestern South IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Rewa
1994WeatherHastingsHawke's Bay$10,800,000[26]Hailstorm
1996WeatherEastern North IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Beti
1996Weather2Northern North IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Fergus
1997Weather3NationwideNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Drena
1997WeatherNorth IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Gavin
1998Weather1NationwideNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Yali
2001Weather4Northern North IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Sose
2003TsunamiFiordlandSouthlandMaximum wave heights of 5m[27]
2004Weather3NationwideNew Zealand$148,000,000[26]A storm brought high winds, heavy rain, flooding, and slips to much of the North Island as well as the upper South Island. Manawatū-Whanganui and Wellington were particularly hard hit. Two people drowned in the sea in Wellington and one person is presumed to have drowned in the Marlborough Sounds.[28]
2004Weather2Northeastern North IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Ivy
2004Landslide2OwiraBay of Plenty[29]
2004Earthquake1Lake RotomāBay of PlentyM 5.4[30][31]
2004Weather2WaitaraTaranakiTornado[17]
2006Volcanic1Raoul IslandKermedec Islands2006 Raoul Island eruption
2007Earthquake1GisborneGisborne$50,000,000[32]M 6.72007 Gisborne earthquake
2008WeatherNorth IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Funa
2009Weather1NationwideNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Innis
2009Health Crisis19NationwideNew ZealandSwine flu infects 3,175 people and results in 19 deaths2009 flu pandemic in New Zealand
2010Earthquake2DarfieldCanterbury$4,000,000,000M 7.12010 Canterbury earthquake
2011WeatherNorthern North IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Wilma
2011Earthquake185ChristchurchCanterbury$42,000,000,000M 6.32011 Christchurch earthquake
2011Weather1AucklandAuckland$6,300,000Tornado[17]
2011Earthquake1ChristchurchCanterburyM 6.4June 2011 Christchurch earthquake
2011WeatherNationwideNew ZealandSnowstorm2011 New Zealand snowstorms
2011Earthquake1ChristchurchCanterburyM 5.9 December aftershock[8]
2012Weather3AucklandAucklandTornado[33]
2012Weather1North IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Evan
2013WeatherNationwideNew Zealand2013 New Zealand winter storm
2013Landslide2Haast Pass / TioripateaWest Coast[34]
2014WeatherNationwideNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Ita
2014Flooding2NorthlandNorth Island
2014Earthquake1East CapeGisborneM 6.5[8]
2015Flooding1PetoneWellington[35]
2015FloodingSouth DunedinOtago$138,000,000 [36]On 3 June 2015, a low weather system brought heavy rain to the coastal Otago Region. South Dunedin experienced heavy flooding, which was exacerbated by the area's high water table and the breakdown of the Portobello pumping station. 1,200 homes and businesses were damaged by flood damage.[36][37]2015 Otago flood
2016Health Crisis3Havelock NorthHawke's Bay$21,000,000[38]Campylobacter infects 5,200 people and results in 3 deaths[39]
2016Earthquake2KaikōuraCanterbury$2,270,000,000[26]M 7.82016 Kaikōura earthquake
2017Wildfire1Port HillsCanterbury$18,300,000[26]2017 Port Hills fires
2017FloodingEdgecumbeBay of Plenty$91,460,000[26]CycloneCyclone Debbie
2017WeatherNorth IslandNew Zealand$17,200,000[26]CycloneCyclone Cook
2018WeatherNorthwestern South IslandNew Zealand$45,900,000[26]CycloneCyclone Fehi
2018WeatherNorthwestern South IslandNew Zealand$35,600,000[26]CycloneCyclone Gita
2019WildfirePigeon ValleyTasmanPigeon Valley Fire
2019Health Crisis2NationwideNew Zealand2019 New Zealand measles outbreak
2019WeatherTimaruCanterbury$170,000,000Hailstorm[40]
2019Volcanic22Whakaari / White IslandBay of Plenty2019 Whakaari / White Island eruption
2020Flooding3 Southern South IslandSouthland and Otago$29,640,000[26][41][42]
2020Health Crisis2,502NationwideNew ZealandCOVID-19 infects over a million people leading to nationwide lockdowns in late March 2020 and August 2021 and an Auckland-wide lockdown in August 2020.[43][44] COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand
2020WildfireLake ŌhauCanterbury$35,180,000[26]Lake Ōhau Fire
2020FloodingNapierHawke's Bay$87,720,000[26][45]
2021FloodingCanterbury PlainsCanterbury$46,440,000[26][46]
2021Weather1AucklandAuckland$32,000,000[26]Tornado[47]
2021FloodingNorthern South IslandBuller District, Tasman District, and Marlborough Region$140,470,000[48]Torrential rain in mid-July 2021 led to flooding in the West Coast's Buller District, Tasman District, and Marlborough regions of the South Island, prompting evacuations of residents and state of emergency.[49][50][51] The extreme rain event of 15–18 July brought over 690 mm (27 in) of rain to parts of the West Coast Region in under 72 hours.[52]2021 central New Zealand floods
2021Flooding1AucklandAuckland$62,290,000[26]Heavy rainfall caused extensive flooding and slips in western Auckland. One person drowned in floodwaters in the suburb of Henderson.[53]
2022TsunamiNorthern North IslandTonga$5,930,000[26]The tsunami from the eruption of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai caused a 1.33 metre tsunami at Great Barrier Island, while millions dollars of damage was done at a marina in Tutukaka.[54][55]
2022WeatherNorth IslandNew Zealand$54,840,000[26]CycloneCyclone Dovi
2022Weather5North IslandNew Zealand$119,640,000[26]A low-pressure system that migrated across the North Island from the Tasman Sea to off East Cape caused severe thunderstorms and extensive flooding in the Auckland and Gisborne regions. 5 people were killed when their boat capsized off North Cape in the stormy weather.[56][57][58]
2022Weather1North IslandNew Zealand$11,050,000[26]A line of thunderstorms accompanied by gale-force winds passed across the North Island. A tornado in Levin caused extensive damage, while in Cambridge a woman was killed after a tree fell on her.[59]
2022FloodingNationwideNew Zealand$67,840,000[26]Heavy persistent rain in mid-August led to widespread evacuations, flooding, and landslides in Nelson, Tasman, Marlborough, West Coast, Northland, Taranaki, and Wellington.[60][61][62]2022 New Zealand floods
2023Weather1[lower-alpha 2]North IslandNew ZealandCycloneCyclone Hale
2023Flooding4Northern North IslandNew ZealandAt least $1,300,000,000From 27 January to 2 February, catastrophic floods occurred in the Auckland, Northland and Waikato regions which resulted in states of emergency, with Auckland being the worst affected. NIWA reported a record breaking 160.6 millimetres (10 in) of rainfall across the city in a span of 3 hours.[63]2023 Auckland Anniversary Weekend floods
2023Weather11North IslandNew ZealandEstimated $13,000,000,000From Sunday 12 February to Wednesday 15 February, Cyclone Gabrielle struck the North Island, resulting in significant damage and flooding, and a national state of emergency being declared, the third time in the nation's history.Cyclone Gabrielle
2023WeatherAuckland, Tasman, Kapiti and TaranakiNew ZealandBetween Monday 10 April and Tuesday 11 April, four significant tornadoes struck. There was one in Tasman District, one in East Auckland, one in Paraparaumu, and one in Waitara, resulting in over 60 homes being damaged and 10 homes yellow stickered. Several people were injured.[64][65]
2023Flooding1Northern North Island and Northern South IslandNew ZealandOn Tuesday 9 May, a state of emergency was declared in Auckland after torrential rains caused severe flooding. There were also impacts in Northland, Waikato, and Bay of Plenty. A school student was swept away in floodwaters on a field trip to the Abbey Caves. Additionally a few days prior on Saturday May 6 parts of the upper South Island were evacuated due major flooding.[66][67][68][69]
2023FloodingGisborneNew ZealandHeavy rains between the 22 and 23 June caused over 130 people evacuated and a state of emergency declared in Gisborne.[70]
2023FloodingSouthland Region and OtagoNew ZealandHeavy rain on 21 September caused flooding in several places across the Southland and Otago regions including Gore and Queenstown. 100 homes were evacuated in Queenstown and Tuatapere's water treatment plant was damaged. A state of emergency was declared in the Southland Region.[71][72]2023 southern New Zealand floods

See also

Notes

  1. 53 on TEV Wahine and 6 elsewhere in the country
  2. indirect

References

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