Minister of Education, Culture and Science of the Netherlands
Minister van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap
Ministry of Education, Culture and Science
Flag of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Minister of Education, Culture and Science Ingrid van Engelshoven
Incumbent
Robbert Dijkgraaf
since 10 January 2022 (2022-01-10)
Ministry of Education, Culture and Science
StyleHis/Her Excellency
Member ofCouncil of Ministers
AppointerThe Monarch
on advice of the Prime Minister
Formation17 February 1798 (1798-02-17)
First holderTheodorus van Kooten
as Secretary of National Education
DeputyMariëlle Paul as Minister without Portfolio
Fleur Gräper as State Secretary for Education, Culture and Science
Salary157,287 (As of 2017)
(including 4,193 of expenses)
WebsiteMinister of Education, Culture and Science

The minister of education, culture and science (Dutch: Minister van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap) is the head of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science and a member of the Cabinet and the Council of Ministers. The current minister of education, culture and science is Robbert Dijkgraaf of the Democrats 66 (D66) who has been in office since 10 January 2022.[1] The minister of education, culture and science is often assigned a state secretary who is tasked with specific portfolios, currently held by Fleur Gräper (D66).[2] Additionally there is a minister without portfolio assigned to the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science Mariëlle Paul of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD).[3]

List of ministers of education

For full list, see List of ministers of education, culture and science of the Netherlands. (in Dutch)

Minister of Education,
Arts and Sciences
Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
Johannes Theodoor de Visser Dr.
Johannes
Theodoor
de Visser

(1857–1932)
25 September 1918 –
4 August 1925
Christian
Historical Union
Charles Ruijs de
Beerenbrouck

(Ruijs de
Beerenbrouck I
II)

[4][5]
Victor Henri Rutgers Victor Henri
Rutgers
(1877–1945)
4 August 1925 –
8 March 1926
Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Hendrikus Colijn
(Colijn I)
[6]
Marius Waszink Marius Waszink
(1881–1943)
8 March 1926 –
10 August 1929
Roman Catholic
State Party
Dirk Jan de Geer
(De Geer I)
[7]
Jan Terpstra Jan Terpstra
(1888–1952)
10 August 1929 –
26 May 1933
Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Charles Ruijs de
Beerenbrouck

(Ruijs de
Beerenbrouck III
)

[8]
Henri Marchant Henri Marchant
(1869–1956)
26 May 1933 –
18 May 1935
[Res]
Free-thinking
Democratic League
Hendrikus Colijn
(Colijn II)
[9]
Jan Rudolph Slotemaker de Bruïne Dr.
Jan Rudolph
Slotemaker
de Bruïne

(1869–1941)
18 May 1935 –
25 July 1939
[Minister]
Christian
Historical Union
Hendrikus Colijn
(Colijn IIIIV)
[10][11]
Bep Schrieke Dr.
Bep Schrieke
(1890–1945)
25 July 1939 –
10 August 1939
Independent
Classical Liberal
Hendrikus Colijn
(Colijn V)
[12]
Gerrit Bolkestein Gerrit Bolkestein
(1871–1956)
10 August 1939 –
25 June 1945
Free-thinking
Democratic League
Dirk Jan de Geer
(De Geer II)
[13]
Pieter Sjoerds
Gerbrandy

(Gerbrandy IIIIII)
[14][15]
Gerard van der Leeuw Dr.
Gerard van
der Leeuw

(1898–1981)
25 June 1945 –
3 July 1946
Social Democratic
Workers' Party
Willem Schermerhorn
(Schermerhorn–Drees)
[16]
Labour Party
Jos Gielen Dr.
Jos Gielen
(1898–1981)
3 July 1946 –
7 August 1948
Catholic
People's Party
Louis Beel
(Beel I)
[17]
Theo Rutten Dr.
Theo Rutten
(1899–1980)
7 August 1948 –
2 September 1952
Catholic
People's Party
Willem Drees
(Drees–Van Schaik
Drees I)

[18][19]
Jo Cals Jo Cals
(1914–1971)
2 September 1952 –
7 November 1961
[Note]
Catholic
People's Party
Willem Drees
(Drees IIIII)
[20][21]
Louis Beel
(Beel II)
[22]
Jan de Quay
(De Quay)
[23]
Marga Klompé Dr.
Marga Klompé
(1912–1986)
7 November 1961 –
4 February 1962
[Acting] [Minister]
Catholic
People's Party
Jo Cals Jo Cals
(1914–1971)
4 February 1962 –
23 April 1963
[Note]
Catholic
People's Party
Marga Klompé Dr.
Marga Klompé
(1912–1986)
23 April 1963 –
24 July 1963
[Acting] [Minister]
Catholic
People's Party
Theo Bot Theo Bot
(1911–1984)
24 July 1963 –
14 April 1965
Catholic
People's Party
Victor Marijnen
(Marijnen)
[24]
Minister of Education
and Sciences
Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
Isaäc Arend Diepenhorst Dr.
Isaäc Arend
Diepenhorst

(1916–2004)
14 April 1965 –
5 April 1967
Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Jo Cals
(Cals)
[25]
Jelle Zijlstra
(Zijlstra)
[26]
Gerard Veringa Dr.
Gerard Veringa
(1924–1999)
5 April 1967 –
6 July 1971
Catholic
People's Party
Piet de Jong
(De Jong)
[27]
Chris van Veen Chris van Veen
(1922–2009)
6 July 1971 –
11 May 1973
Christian
Historical Union
Barend Biesheuvel
(Biesheuvel III)
[28]
Jos van Kemenade Dr.
Jos van Kemenade
(1937–2020)
11 May 1973 –
19 December 1977
Labour Party Joop den Uyl
(Den Uyl)
[29]
Arie Pais Dr.
Arie Pais
(1930–2022)
19 December 1977 –
11 September 1981
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Dries van Agt
(Van Agt I)
[30]
Jos van Kemenade Dr.
Jos van Kemenade
(1937–2020)
11 September 1981 –
29 May 1982
[Res]
Labour Party Dries van Agt
(Van Agt II)
[31]
Wim Deetman Wim Deetman
(born 1945)
29 May 1982 –
14 September 1989
[App]
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Dries van Agt
(Van Agt III)
[32]
Ruud Lubbers
(Lubbers I)
[33]
Ruud Lubbers
(Lubbers II)
[34]
Gerrit Braks Gerrit Braks
(1933–2017)
14 September 1989 –
7 November 1989
[Ad Interim] [Minister]
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Jo Ritzen Dr.
Jo Ritzen
(born 1945)
7 November 1989 –
22 August 1994
Labour Party Ruud Lubbers
(Lubbers III)
[35]
Minister of Education,
Culture and Science
Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
Jo Ritzen Dr.
Jo Ritzen
(born 1945)
22 August 1994 –
3 August 1998
Labour Party Wim Kok
(Kok I)
[36]
Loek Hermans Loek Hermans
(born 1951)
3 August 1998 –
22 July 2002
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Wim Kok
(Kok II)
[37]
Maria van der Hoeven Maria van
der Hoeven

(born 1949)
22 July 2002 –
22 February 2007
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Jan Peter
Balkenende

(Balkenende IIIIII)
[38][39][40]
Ronald Plasterk Dr.
Ronald Plasterk
(born 1957)
22 February 2007 –
23 February 2010
[Res]
Labour Party Jan Peter
Balkenende

(Balkenende IV)
[41]
André Rouvoet André Rouvoet
(born 1962)
[Deputy]
23 February 2010 –
14 October 2010
[Minister]
Christian Union
Marja van Bijsterveldt Marja van
Bijsterveldt

(born 1961)
14 October 2010 –
5 November 2012
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Mark Rutte
(Rutte I)
[42]
Jet Bussemaker Dr.
Jet Bussemaker
(born 1961)
5 November 2012 –
26 October 2017
Labour Party Mark Rutte
(Rutte II)
[43]
Ingrid van Engelshoven Ingrid van
Engelshoven

(born 1966)
26 October 2017 –
10 January 2022
Democrats 66 Mark Rutte
(Rutte III)
[44]
Robbert Dijkgraaf Dr.
Robbert
Dijkgraaf

(born 1960)
10 January 2022 –
Incumbent
Democrats 66 Mark Rutte
(Rutte IV)
[45]
Resigned
Acting
Ad Interim
Deputy Prime Minister
Medical leave of absence from 7 November 1961 until 4 February 1962 and from 23 April 1963
Appointed as Speaker of the House of Representatives
Minister of Social Affairs in 1935
Minister of Social Work
Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries
Minister without Portfolio for Health, Welfare and Sport

List of ministers without portfolio

Minister without Portfolio Portfolio(s) Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
Mauk de Brauw Jonkheer
Mauk de Brauw
(1925–1984)
Higher
Education

Science Policy
6 July 1971 –
21 July 1972
[Res]
Democratic
Socialists '70
Barend Biesheuvel
(Biesheuvel I)
[28]
Chris van Veen Chris van Veen
(1922–2009)
21 July 1972 –
11 May 1973
[Minister]
Christian
Historical Union
Barend Biesheuvel
(Biesheuvel II)
[28]
Boy Trip Boy Trip
(1921–1990)
Science Policy 11 May 1973 –
19 December 1977
Political Party
of Radicals
Joop den Uyl
(Den Uyl)
[29]
Rinus Peijnenburg Rinus Peijnenburg
(1928–1979)
Science Policy 19 December 1977 –
1 April 1979
[Died]
Catholic
People's Party
Dries van Agt
(Van Agt I)
[30]
Leendert Ginjaar Dr.
Leendert Ginjaar
(1928–2003)
1 April 1979 –
3 May 1979
[Acting] [Minister]
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Ton van Trier Dr.
Ton van Trier
(1926–1983)
3 May 1979 –
11 September 1981
Independent
Christian Democratic
Catholic
Catholic
People's Party
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Not in use
(1981–2017)
Arie Slob Arie Slob
(born 1961)
Primary
Education

Secondary
Education

Special
Education

Preschool
Media
26 October 2017 –
10 January 2022
Christian Union Mark Rutte
(Rutte III)
[44]
Dennis Wiersma Dennis Wiersma
(born 1986)
Primary
Education

Secondary
Education

Special
Education

Preschool
Media
10 January 2022 –
22 June 2023
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Mark Rutte
(Rutte IV)
[45]
Mariëlle Paul Mariëlle Paul
(born 1966)
21 July 2023 –
Incumbent
Resigned
Acting
Died in Office
Minister of Education and Sciences
Minister of Health and Environment

List of state secretaries for education

State Secretary for
Education, Arts
and Sciences
Portfolio Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
Jo Cals Jo Cals
(1914–1971)
Youth Care
• Nature
Media
Culture
Art
• Recreation
Sport
15 March 1950 –
2 September 1952
Catholic
People's Party
Willem Drees
(Drees–Van Schaik
Drees I)

[18][19]
Anna de Waal Dr.
Anna de Waal
(1906–1981)
Primary
Education

Secondary
Education

Special
Education

Youth Care
2 February 1953 –
16 March 1957
[Res]
Catholic
People's Party
Willem Drees
(Drees II)
[20]
Willem Drees
(Drees III)
[21]
René Höppener René Höppener
(1903–1983)
Youth Care
• Nature
Media
Culture
Art
• Recreation
Sport
12 November 1956 –
19 May 1959
Catholic
People's Party
Louis Beel
(Beel II)
[22]
Gerard Stubenrouch Gerard
Stubenrouch
(1918–1962)
Primary
Education

Secondary
Education
16 June 1959 –
22 April 1962
[Died]
Catholic
People's Party
Jan de Quay
(De Quay)
[23]
Harry Janssen Dr.
Harry Janssen
(1910–1982)
4 June 1962 –
24 July 1963
Catholic
People's Party
Ynso Scholten Ynso Scholten
(1918–1984)
Youth Care
• Nature
Media
Culture
Art
• Recreation
Sport
16 June 1959 –
24 July 1963
Christian
Historical Union
Hans Grosheide Hans Grosheide
(1930–2022)
Primary
Education

Secondary
Education

Special
Education
3 September 1963 –
14 April 1965
Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Victor Marijnen
(Marijnen)
[24]
Louis van de Laar Louis van de Laar
(1921–2004)
• Social Services
Youth Care
Media
Culture
Art
• Recreation
Sport
24 October 1963 –
14 April 1965
Catholic
People's Party
State Secretary for
Education and Sciences
Portfolio Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
Hans Grosheide Hans Grosheide
(1930-2022)
Primary
Education

Secondary
Education

Special
Education
14 April 1965 –
6 July 1971
Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Jo Cals
(Cals)
[25]
Jelle Zijlstra
(Zijlstra)
[26]
Piet de Jong
(De Jong)
[27]
Kees Schelfhout Kees Schelfhout
(1918–1983)
Primary
Education

Special
Education

Preschool
28 July 1971 –
11 May 1973
Catholic
People's Party
Barend Biesheuvel
(Biesheuvel III)
[28]
Ger Klein Dr.
Ger Klein
(1925–1998)
Higher
education
11 May 1973 –
8 September 1977
[Res]
Labour Party Joop den Uyl
(Den Uyl)
[29]
Antoon Veerman Dr.
Antoon Veerman
(1916–1993)
Secondary
Education

Special
Education
11 May 1973 –
1 September 1975
[Res]
Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Klaas de Jong Klaas de Jong
(1926–2011)
1 September 1975 –
19 December 1977
Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Secondary
Education
19 December 1977 –
11 September 1981
Dries van Agt
(Van Agt I)
[30]
Ad Hermes Ad Hermes
(1929–2002)
Primary
Education
9 January 1978 –
29 May 1982
Catholic
People's Party
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Dries van Agt
(Van Agt II)
[31]
Primary
Education

Special
Education
29 May 1982 –
4 November 1982
Dries van Agt
(Van Agt III)
[32]
Wim Deetman Wim Deetman
(born 1945)
Secondary
Education

Adult
Education
11 September 1981 –
29 May 1982
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Dries van Agt
(Van Agt II)
[31]
Nell Ginjaar-Maas Nell Ginjaar-Maas
(1931–2012)
Secondary
Education

Adult
Education
5 November 1982 –
14 July 1986
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Ruud Lubbers
(Lubbers I)
[33]
Primary
Education

Secondary
Education

Adult
Education
14 July 1986 –
7 November 1989
Ruud Lubbers
(Lubbers II)
[34]
Gerard van Leijenhorst Gerard van
Leijenhorst

(1928–2001)
Primary
Education
8 November 1982 –
14 July 1986
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Ruud Lubbers
(Lubbers I)
[33]
Jacques Wallage Jacques Wallage
(born 1946)
Primary
Education

Secondary
Education

Special
Education
7 November 1989 –
9 June 1993
[App]
Labour Party Ruud Lubbers
(Lubbers III)
[35]
Roel in 't Veld Dr.
Roel in 't Veld
(born 1942)
Secondary
Education

Higher
education

Science Policy
9 June 1993 –
19 June 1993
[Res]
Labour Party
Job Cohen Dr.
Job Cohen
(born 1947)
Higher
education

Science Policy
2 July 1993 –
22 August 1994
Labour Party
State Secretary for
Education, Culture
and Science
Portfolio Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
Tineke Netelenbos Tineke Netelenbos
(born 1944)
Primary
Education

Secondary
Education

Special
Education
22 August 1994 –
3 August 1998
Labour Party Wim Kok
(Kok I)
[36]
Aad Nuis Aad Nuis
(1933–2007)
Science Policy
Media
Culture
Art
22 August 1994 –
3 August 1998
Democrats 66
Karin Adelmund Karin Adelmund
(1949–2005)
Primary
Education

Secondary
Education

Special
Education
3 August 1998 –
22 July 2002
Labour Party Wim Kok
(Kok II)
[37]
Rick van der Ploeg Dr.
Rick van der Ploeg
(born 1956)
Media
Culture
Art
3 August 1998 –
22 July 2002
Labour Party
Annette Nijs Annette Nijs
(born 1961)
Higher
Education

Adult
Education

Science Policy
22 July 2002 –
9 June 2004
[Res]
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Jan Peter
Balkenende

(Balkenende I)
[38]
Jan Peter
Balkenende

(Balkenende II)
[39]
Mark Rutte Mark Rutte
(born 1967)
17 June 2004 –
27 June 2006
[Res]
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Bruno Bruins Bruno Bruins
(born 1963)
29 June 2006 –
3 July 2006
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Higher
Education

Adult
Education

Science Policy
3 July 2006 –
22 February 2007
Jan Peter
Balkenende

(Balkenende III)
[40]
Cees van Leeuwen
(born 1951)
Media
Culture
Art
22 July 2002 –
27 May 2003
Pim Fortuyn List Jan Peter
Balkenende

(Balkenende I)
[38]
Medy van der Laan Medy van der Laan
(born 1968)
Media
Culture
Art
27 May 2003 –
3 July 2006
[Res]
Democrats 66 Jan Peter
Balkenende

(Balkenende II)
[39]
Marja van Bijsterveldt Marja van
Bijsterveldt

(born 1961)
Secondary
Education
22 February 2007 –
23 February 2010
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Jan Peter
Balkenende

(Balkenende IV)
[41]
Higher
Education

Secondary
Education

• Science
Media
Culture
Art
Emancipation
23 February 2010 –
14 October 2010
Sharon Dijksma Sharon Dijksma
(born 1971)
Primary
Education

Special
Education

Preschool
22 February 2007 –
23 February 2010
[Res]
Labour Party
Halbe Zijlstra Halbe Zijlstra
(born 1969)
Higher
Education

Adult
Education

Science Policy
Culture
Art
14 October 2010 –
5 November 2012
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Mark Rutte
(Rutte I)
[42]
Sander Dekker Sander Dekker
(born 1975)
Higher
Education

Science Policy
Media
Culture
Art
5 November 2012 –
26 October 2017
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Mark Rutte
(Rutte II)
[43]
Vacant
Gunay Uslu Dr.
Gunay Uslu
(born 1972)
Culture
Media
Art
10 January 2022 –
1 December 2023
Democrats 66 Mark Rutte
(Rutte IV)
[45]
Robbert Dijkgraaf Robbert Dijkgraaf (born 1960) 1 December 2023 –
6 December 2023
[Acting]
Steven van Weyenberg Steven van Weyenberg (born 1973) 6 December 2023 –
12 January 2024
Fleur Gräper Fleur Gräper (born 1974) 12 January 2024 –
Incumbent
Acting
Resigned
Died in Office
Appointed as State Secretary for Social Affairs and Employment

List of ministers of social work

Minister of Social Work Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
Louis Beel Dr.
Louis Beel
(1902–1977)
[Deputy]
2 September 1952 –
9 September 1952
[Ad Interim] [Minister]
Catholic
People's Party
Willem Drees
(Drees II)
[20]
Frans-Jozef van Thiel Frans-Jozef
van Thiel

(1906–1993)
9 September 1952 –
13 October 1956
Catholic
People's Party
Marga Klompé Dr.
Marga Klompé
(1912–1986)
13 October 1956 –
24 July 1963
Catholic
People's Party
Willem Drees
(Drees III)
[21]
Louis Beel
(Beel II)
[22]
Jan de Quay
(De Quay)
[23]
Jo Schouwenaar-Franssen Jo Schouwenaar-
Franssen

(1909–1995)
24 July 1963 –
14 April 1965
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Victor Marijnen
(Marijnen)
[24]
Minister of Culture,
Recreation and Social Work
Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
Maarten Vrolijk Maarten Vrolijk
(1919–1994)
14 April 1965 –
22 November 1966
Labour Party Jo Cals
(Cals)
[25]
Marga Klompé Dr.
Marga Klompé
(1912–1986)
22 November 1966 –
7 January 1971
[Note]
Catholic
People's Party
Jelle Zijlstra
(Zijlstra)
[26]
Piet de Jong
(De Jong)
[27]
Gerard Veringa Dr.
Gerard Veringa
(1924–1999)
7 January 1971 –
22 February 1971
[Acting] [Minister]
Catholic
People's Party
Marga Klompé Dr.
Marga Klompé
(1912–1986)
22 February 1971 –
6 July 1971
Catholic
People's Party
Piet Engels Piet Engels
(1922–2009)
6 July 1971 –
11 May 1973
Catholic
People's Party
Barend Biesheuvel
(Biesheuvel III)
[28]
Harry van Doorn Harry van Doorn
(1915–1992)
11 May 1973 –
19 December 1977
Political Party
of Radicals
Joop den Uyl
(Den Uyl)
[29]
Til Gardeniers-Berendsen Til Gardeniers-
Berendsen

(1925–2019)
19 December 1977 –
11 September 1981
Catholic
People's Party
Dries van Agt
(Van Agt I)
[30]
Christian
Democratic Appeal
André van der Louw André van
der Louw

(1933–2005)
11 September 1981 –
29 May 1982
[Res]
Labour Party Dries van Agt
(Van Agt II)
[31]
Hans de Boer Hans de Boer
(born 1937)
29 May 1982 –
11 October 1982
[Note]
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Dries van Agt
(Van Agt III)
[32]
Til Gardeniers-Berendsen Til Gardeniers-
Berendsen

(1925–2019)
11 October 1982 –
4 November 1982
[Ad Interim] [Minister]
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Resigned
Acting
Ad interim
Medical leave of absence from 7 January 1971 until 22 February 1971
Medical leave of absence from 11 October 1982
Minister of the Interior
Minister of Education and Sciences
Minister of Health and Environment

List of state secretaries for social work

State Secretary for
Culture, Recreation
and Social Work
Portfolio(s) Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
Cees Egas Cees Egas
(1913–2001)
• Social Services
Youth Care
• Nature
Culture
Art
• Recreation
Sport
10 May 1965 –
22 November 1966
Labour Party Jo Cals
(Cals)
[25]
Vacant
Hein van de Poel Hein van de Poel
(1915–1993)
• Unemployment
• Social Services
Youth Care
• Nature
Culture
Art
• Recreation
Sport
29 May 1967 –
6 July 1971
Catholic
People's Party
Piet de Jong
(De Jong)
[27]
Fia van Veenendaal-van Meggelen Fia van Veenendaal-
van Meggelen
(1918–2005)
• Social Services
Disability Policy
28 July 1971 –
21 July 1972
[Res]
Democratic
Socialists '70
Barend Biesheuvel
(Biesheuvel I)
[28]
Henk Vonhoff Henk Vonhoff
(1931–2010)
Youth Care
• Nature
Culture
Art
• Recreation
Sport
28 July 1971 –
23 April 1973
[Res]
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
• Social Services
Disability Policy
Youth Care
• Nature
Culture
Art
• Recreation
Sport
Barend Biesheuvel
(Biesheuvel II)
[28]
Wim Meijer Wim Meijer
(born 1939)
• Social Services
Environmental
Policy

• Nature
• Recreation
11 May 1973 –
8 September 1977
[Res]
Labour Party Joop den Uyl
(Den Uyl)
[29]
Jeltien Kraaijeveld-Wouters Jeltien
Kraaijeveld-
Wouters
(born 1932)
• Unemployment
Equality
Emancipation
28 December 1977 –
9 September 1981
[Res]
Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Dries van Agt
(Van Agt I)
[30]
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Gerard Wallis de Vries Gerard Wallis
de Vries

(1936–2018)
• Social Services
Environmental
Policy

• Nature
Media
Culture
Art
• Recreation
Sport
4 January 1978 –
11 September 1981
People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Hans de Boer Hans de Boer
(born 1937)
• Social Services
• Nature
Culture
Art
• Recreation
11 September 1981 –
29 May 1982
Christian
Democratic Appeal
Dries van Agt
(Van Agt II)
[31]
Resigned

See also

References

  1. "Robbert Dijkgraaf". Government of the Netherlands. 10 January 2022. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  2. "Fleur Gräper-van Koolwijk". Government of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  3. "Mariëlle Paul". Government of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
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  11. "Kabinet-Colijn IV". ColijnIV. Parlement & Politiek.
  12. "Kabinet-Colijn V". ColijnV. Parlement & Politiek.
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  37. 1 2 "Kabinet-Kok II". KokII. Rijksoverheid.
  38. 1 2 3 "Kabinet-Balkenende I". BalkenendeI. Rijksoverheid.
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  40. 1 2 "Kabinet-Balkenende III". BalkenendeIII. Rijksoverheid.
  41. 1 2 "Kabinet-Balkenende IV". BalkenendeIV. Rijksoverheid.
  42. 1 2 "Kabinet-Rutte-Verhagen". RutteI. Rijksoverheid.
  43. 1 2 "Kabinet-Rutte-Asscher". RutteII. Rijksoverheid.
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  45. 1 2 3 "Kabinet-Rutte IV". RutteIV. Rijksoverheid.
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