The Philippines has three metropolitan areas officially recognized by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) due to their prominence, population, size and economy: Manila, Cebu and Davao.[1][2] The most populous is Metro Manila, comprising the City of Manila, 15 neighboring cities and a municipality. The largest by land area is Metro Davao in Mindanao.

Previously, ten other metropolitan areas have been recognized by NEDA: Metro Angeles, Metro Bacolod, Metro Baguio, Metro Batangas, Metro Cagayan de Oro, Metro Dagupan, Metro Iloilo–Guimaras, Metro Naga, and Metro Olongapo. However, these ten were not included as official metropolises in the 2017–2022 Philippine Development Plan created by NEDA.[3] In 2028, Zamboanga City's population is projected to hit the 1,200,000 mark, qualifying it to be classified as a Metropolitan City.[4]

The official definition of each metropolitan area as listed below does not necessarily follow the actual extent of continuous urbanization. For example, the built-up area of Metro Manila has long spilled out of its borders into the adjacent provinces of Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, and Rizal.[5]

List

Metro area [1] Population (2020) [6] Area [7][8] Density (2020) Managing agency
km2 sq mi /km2 /sq mi
Metro Cebu 3,165,799 1,053.19 406.64 3,000 7,800 Metro Cebu Development and Coordinating Board[9]
10°06′12″N 123°38′26″E / 10.1033°N 123.6405°E / 10.1033; 123.6405 (Carcar) Carcar 4.3%|| style="text-align:right" | 136,453 116.78 45.09 1,200 3,100
10°18′32″N 123°53′35″E / 10.3090°N 123.8930°E / 10.3090; 123.8930 (Cebu City) Cebu City 30.5%|| style="text-align:right" | 964,169 315.00 121.62 3,100 8,000
10°27′26″N 124°00′37″E / 10.4571°N 124.0104°E / 10.4571; 124.0104 (Compostela) Compostela 1.8%|| style="text-align:right" | 55,874 53.90 20.81 1,000 2,600
10°22′35″N 123°57′26″E / 10.3765°N 123.9572°E / 10.3765; 123.9572 (Consolacion) Consolacion 4.7%|| style="text-align:right" | 148,012 37.03 14.30 4,000 10,000
10°15′05″N 123°57′00″E / 10.2515°N 123.9499°E / 10.2515; 123.9499 (Cordova) Cordova 2.2%|| style="text-align:right" | 70,595 17.15 6.62 4,100 11,000
10°31′14″N 124°01′37″E / 10.5205°N 124.0270°E / 10.5205; 124.0270 (Danao) Danao 4.9%|| style="text-align:right" | 156,321 107.30 41.43 1,500 3,900
10°18′39″N 123°56′58″E / 10.3109°N 123.9494°E / 10.3109; 123.9494 (Lapu-Lapu) Lapu-Lapu (Opon) 15.7%|| style="text-align:right" | 497,604 58.10 22.43 8,600 22,000
10°24′01″N 123°59′57″E / 10.4002°N 123.9993°E / 10.4002; 123.9993 (Liloan) Liloan 4.8%|| style="text-align:right" | 153,197 45.92 17.73 3,300 8,500
10°19′28″N 123°56′34″E / 10.3245°N 123.9428°E / 10.3245; 123.9428 (Mandaue) Mandaue 11.5%|| style="text-align:right" | 364,116 25.18 9.72 14,000 36,000
10°14′42″N 123°47′47″E / 10.2450°N 123.7964°E / 10.2450; 123.7964 (Minglanilla) Minglanilla 4.8%|| style="text-align:right" | 151,002 65.60 25.33 2,300 6,000
10°12′33″N 123°45′24″E / 10.2093°N 123.7567°E / 10.2093; 123.7567 (Naga) Naga 4.2%|| style="text-align:right" | 133,184 101.97 39.37 1,300 3,400
10°09′51″N 123°42′21″E / 10.1643°N 123.7058°E / 10.1643; 123.7058 (San Fernando) San Fernando 2.3%|| style="text-align:right" | 72,224 69.39 26.79 1,000 2,600
10°14′41″N 123°50′50″E / 10.2446°N 123.8473°E / 10.2446; 123.8473 (Talisay) Talisay 8.3%|| style="text-align:right" | 263,048 39.87 15.39 6,600 17,000
Metro Davao 3,191,284 6,492.84 2,506.90 490 1,300 Metropolitan Davao Development Authority[10]
7°21′20″N 125°42′16″E / 7.3556°N 125.7045°E / 7.3556; 125.7045 (Carmen) Carmen 2.5%|| style="text-align:right" | 82,018 166.00 64.09 490 1,300
7°03′50″N 125°36′30″E / 7.0639°N 125.6083°E / 7.0639; 125.6083 (Davao City) Davao City 53.2%|| style="text-align:right" | 1,776,949 2,443.61 943.48 730 1,900
6°44′39″N 125°21′23″E / 6.7443°N 125.3565°E / 6.7443; 125.3565 (Digos) Digos 5.6%|| style="text-align:right" | 188,376 287.10 110.85 660 1,700
6°44′39″N 125°21′23″E / 6.7443°N 125.3565°E / 6.7443; 125.3565 (Hagonoy) Hagonoy 1.7%|| style="text-align:right" | 56,919 114.28 44.12 500 1,300
6°44′39″N 125°21′23″E / 6.7443°N 125.3565°E / 6.7443; 125.3565 (Maco) Maco 2.5%|| style="text-align:right" | 83,237 342.23 132.14 240 620
6°44′39″N 125°21′23″E / 6.7443°N 125.3565°E / 6.7443; 125.3565 (Malalag) Malalag 1.2%|| style="text-align:right" | 40,158 186.12 71.86 220 570
6°44′39″N 125°21′23″E / 6.7443°N 125.3565°E / 6.7443; 125.3565 (Malita) Malita 3.5%|| style="text-align:right" | 118,197 883.37 341.07 130 340
6°56′N 126°58′E / 6.94°N 126.97°E / 6.94; 126.97 (Padada) Padada 0.9%|| style="text-align:right" | 29,878 83.00 32.05 360 930
7°18′01″N 125°40′57″E / 7.3004°N 125.6826°E / 7.3004; 125.6826 (Panabo) Panabo 6.3%|| style="text-align:right" | 209,230 251.23 97.00 830 2,100
7°04′28″N 125°42′31″E / 7.0744°N 125.7086°E / 7.0744; 125.7086 (Samal) Samal 3.5%|| style="text-align:right" | 116,771 301.30 116.33 390 1,000
6°50′02″N 125°24′55″E / 6.8340°N 125.4154°E / 6.8340; 125.4154 (Santa Cruz) Santa Cruz 3.0%|| style="text-align:right" | 101,125 319.91 123.52 320 830
6°50′02″N 125°24′55″E / 6.8340°N 125.4154°E / 6.8340; 125.4154 (Santa Maria) Santa Maria 1.7%|| style="text-align:right" | 57,526 175.00 67.57 330 850
6°50′02″N 125°24′55″E / 6.8340°N 125.4154°E / 6.8340; 125.4154 (Santa Maria) Sulop 1.1%|| style="text-align:right" | 35,151 155.26 59.95 230 600
7°26′48″N 125°48′34″E / 7.4468°N 125.8095°E / 7.4468; 125.8095 (Tagum) Tagum 8.9%|| style="text-align:right" | 296,202 195.80 75.60 1,500 3,900
Metro Manila 13,484,462 633.11 244.45 21,000 54,000 Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
14°39′26″N 120°59′03″E / 14.6571°N 120.9841°E / 14.6571; 120.9841 (Caloocan) Caloocan 12.3%|| style="text-align:right" | 1,661,584 53.20 20.54 31,000 80,000
14°28′50″N 120°58′55″E / 14.4806°N 120.9819°E / 14.4806; 120.9819 (Las Piñas) Las Piñas 4.5%|| style="text-align:right" | 606,293 32.02 12.36 19,000 49,000
14°33′24″N 121°01′25″E / 14.5568°N 121.0235°E / 14.5568; 121.0235 (Makati) Makati 4.7%|| style="text-align:right" | 629,616 27.36 10.56 23,000 60,000
14°40′31″N 120°57′26″E / 14.6752°N 120.9573°E / 14.6752; 120.9573 (Malabon) Malabon 2.8%|| style="text-align:right" | 380,522 15.96 6.16 24,000 62,000
14°34′39″N 121°02′00″E / 14.5774°N 121.0334°E / 14.5774; 121.0334 (Mandaluyong) Mandaluyong 3.2%|| style="text-align:right" | 425,758 11.06 4.27 38,000 98,000
14°35′26″N 120°58′48″E / 14.5906°N 120.9799°E / 14.5906; 120.9799 (Manila) Manila 13.7%|| style="text-align:right" | 1,846,513 42.88 16.56 43,000 110,000
14°37′59″N 121°05′57″E / 14.6331°N 121.0993°E / 14.6331; 121.0993 (Marikina) Marikina 3.4%|| style="text-align:right" | 456,059 22.64 8.74 20,000 52,000
15°42′47″N 120°54′15″E / 15.7131°N 120.9041°E / 15.7131; 120.9041 (Muntinlupa) Muntinlupa 4.0%|| style="text-align:right" | 543,445 41.67 16.09 13,000 34,000
14°39′25″N 120°56′52″E / 14.6569°N 120.9478°E / 14.6569; 120.9478 (Navotas) Navotas 1.8%|| style="text-align:right" | 247,543 11.51 4.44 22,000 57,000
14°30′03″N 120°59′29″E / 14.5007°N 120.9915°E / 14.5007; 120.9915 (Parañaque) Parañaque 5.1%|| style="text-align:right" | 689,992 47.28 18.25 15,000 39,000
14°32′37″N 120°59′43″E / 14.5437°N 120.9954°E / 14.5437; 120.9954 (Pasay) Pasay 3.3%|| style="text-align:right" | 440,656 18.64 7.20 24,000 62,000
14°33′38″N 121°04′36″E / 14.5605°N 121.0767°E / 14.5605; 121.0767 (Pasig) Pasig 6.0%|| style="text-align:right" | 803,159 31.46 12.15 26,000 67,000
14°32′32″N 121°03′55″E / 14.5421°N 121.0654°E / 14.5421; 121.0654 (Pateros) Pateros 0.5%|| style="text-align:right" | 65,227 1.76 0.68 37,000 96,000
14°39′03″N 121°02′55″E / 14.6509°N 121.0486°E / 14.6509; 121.0486 (Quezon City) Quezon City 22.0%|| style="text-align:right" | 2,960,048 165.33 63.83 18,000 47,000
14°36′17″N 121°01′48″E / 14.6047°N 121.0299°E / 14.6047; 121.0299 (San Juan) San Juan 0.9%|| style="text-align:right" | 126,347 5.87 2.27 22,000 57,000
14°31′36″N 121°04′28″E / 14.5266°N 121.0744°E / 14.5266; 121.0744 (Taguig) Taguig 6.6%|| style="text-align:right" | 886,722 45.18 17.44 20,000 52,000
14°42′28″N 120°56′46″E / 14.7077°N 120.9462°E / 14.7077; 120.9462 (Valenzuela) Valenzuela 5.3%|| style="text-align:right" | 714,978 45.75 17.66 16,000 41,000

Urban areas

According to Citypopulation.de these are the largest urban areas of the Philippines based on the 2020 Census.

# Name Province Region Island

Group

 Population
1 Manila Metro Manila National Capital Region Luzon 25,439,818
2 Cebu City Cebu Central Visayas Visayas 2,565,158
3 Angeles Pampanga Central Luzon Luzon 1,598,955
4 Davao City Davao del Sur Davao Region Mindanao 1,579,381
5 Cagayan de Oro Misamis Oriental Northern Mindanao Mindanao 827,697
6 Zamboanga City Zamboanga del Sur Zamboanga Peninsula Mindanao 689,840
7 Bacolod Negros Occidental Western Visayas Visayas 659,455
8 General Santos South Cotabato Soccsksargen Mindanao 646,172
9 Iloilo City Iloilo Western Visayas Visayas 604,198
10 Baguio Benguet Cordillera Luzon 494,148
11 Dagupan Pangasinan Ilocos Region Luzon 459,754
12 Tanauan Batangas Calabarzon Luzon 406,480
13 Batangas City Batangas Calabarzon Luzon 394,445
14 Lipa Batangas Calabarzon Luzon 368,712
15 Olongapo Zambales Central Luzon Luzon 367,583
16 Cotabato City Maguindanao del Norte Bangsamoro Mindanao 359,803
17 Guagua Pampanga Central Luzon Luzon 340,206
18 Lucena Quezon Calabarzon Luzon 325,520
19 Iligan Lanao del Norte Northern Mindanao Mindanao 310,577
20 Tacloban Leyte Eastern Visayas Visayas 298,151
21 Tarlac City Tarlac Central Luzon Luzon 278,884
22 Naga Camarines Sur Bicol Region Luzon 276,661
23 Tagum Davao del Norte Davao Region Mindanao 267,643
24 Legazpi Albay Bicol Region Luzon 255,215
25 San Pablo Laguna Calabarzon Luzon 244,518
26 Butuan Agusan del Norte Caraga Mindanao 233,151
27 Cabanatuan Nueva Ecija Central Luzon Luzon 225,251
28 Marawi Lanao del Sur Bangsamoro Mindanao 223,373
29 Puerto Princesa Palawan Mimaropa Luzon 217,077
30 Santa Cruz Laguna Calabarzon Luzon 209,527
31 Dumaguete Negros Oriental Central Visayas Visayas 193,763
32 Jolo Sulu Bangsamoro Mindanao 188,490
33 Balanga Bataan Central Luzon Luzon 166,760
34 Pagadian Zamboanga del Sur Zamboanga Peninsula Mindanao 163,921
35 San Fernando La Union Ilocos Region Luzon 159,893
36 Roxas Capiz Western Visayas Visayas 152,728
37 Digos Davao del Sur Davao Region Mindanao 150,372
38 Tuguegarao Cagayan Cagayan Valley Luzon 146,478
39 Naic Cavite Calabarzon Luzon 145,581
40 Danao Cebu Central Visayas Visayas 141,033
41 Taal Batangas Calabarzon Luzon 136,193
42 Daet Camarines Norte Bicol Region Luzon 131,270
43 Mariveles Bataan Central Luzon Luzon 130,827
44 Koronadal South Cotabato Soccsksargen Mindanao 128,997
45 Tagbilaran Bohol Central Visayas Visayas 127,478
46 Dipolog Zamboanga del Norte Zamboanga Peninsula Mindanao 121,879
47 Santiago Isabela Cagayan Valley Luzon 120,893
48 Kalibo Aklan Western Visayas Visayas 119,804
49 Gapan Nueva Ecija Central Luzon Luzon 116,747
50 Urdaneta Pangasinan Ilocos Region Luzon 112,188
51 Ozamis Misamis Occidental Northern Mindanao Mindanao 109,574
52 Tagaytay Cavite Calabarzon Luzon 108,214
53 Polomolok South Cotabato Soccsksargen Mindanao 106,015
54 Ormoc Leyte Eastern Visayas Visayas 105,617
55 Norzagaray Bulacan Central Luzon Luzon 104,710
56 Lingayen Pangasinan Ilocos Region Luzon 102,680
57 Floridablanca Pampanga Central Luzon Luzon 102,064
58 Iriga Camarines Sur Bicol Region Luzon 99,168
59 Tabaco Albay Bicol Region Luzon 97,192
60 Vigan Ilocos Sur Ilocos Region Luzon 95,717

History

In 2020, 54% of the Philippine population lived in urban areas[11] encompassing many cities. Growth in some cities has led to urban spillover in adjacent municipalities.

Metro Manila was created in 1975 with the establishment of the Metro Manila Commission. This commission, reorganized in 1986 as the Metro Manila Authority, was renamed in 1995 as the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA). While MMDA has no power over the local government units (LGUs) it covers, it has worked with the LGUs to solve issues that affect all of them such as traffic management.

The practice of creating an intercity board or agency to determine the limits of a metropolitan area has become common. A number of proposals have been created to create similar metropolitan arrangements in other areas of the country. In 1997, Cebu created the Metropolitan Cebu Development Council (MCDC), which was renamed the Metropolitan Cebu Development and Coordinating Board (MCDCB) in 2011. In 2022, Baguio[12] and Davao created their own metropolitan boards. Other proposed metropolitan boards include ones for Bulacan and Bataan.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Chapter 3: Overlay of Economic Growth, Demographic Trends, and Physical Characteristics" (PDF). Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022. National Economic and Development Authority: 37–38. 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 25, 2020. Retrieved August 1, 2020.
  2. ↑ "Overlay of Economic Growth, Demographic Trends, and Physical Characteristics" (PDF). National Economic Development Authority of the Philippines.
  3. ↑ "Building Globally Competitive Metro Areas in the Philippines" (PDF). National Economic and Development Authority. August 30, 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 4, 2013. Retrieved February 6, 2014.
  4. ↑ "Zamboanga Peninsula Regional Development Plan 2023-2028" (PDF). Regional Development Council IX and National Economic and Development Authority. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  5. ↑ "Demographia World Urban Areas, 12th Annual Edition: 2016:04" (PDF). 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 21, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2017. Higher than other estimates, which are largely limited to the National Capital Region. Continuous urbanization extends into Cavite, Laguna, Bulucan [sic] and Rizal.
  6. ↑ Census of Population (2020). Table B - Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City, and Municipality - By Region. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
  7. ↑ "Philippine Standard Geographic Code". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Archived from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
  8. ↑ "Philippine Standard Geographic Code". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Archived from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
  9. ↑ "What is MCDCB?". Mega Cebu Blog. March 2, 2014. Retrieved January 11, 2017.
  10. ↑ Joviland Rita (April 27, 2022). "Duterte OKs creation of Metropolitan Davao Development Authority". GMA News Online. Retrieved April 27, 2022.
  11. ↑ "Urban Population of the Philippines (2020 Census of Population and Housing)". Philippine Statistics Authority. July 5, 2022. Retrieved May 7, 2023.
  12. ↑ Keith, Gaby B. "Metro Baguio Devt Authority now a law". The Manila Times. Manila Times Publishing Corp. Retrieved May 28, 2023.
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