This article lists military spending in European countries by varying methods including as a percentage of GDP per capita and as a total capital expenditure as listed by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute unless otherwise stated or cited.
The share of total expenditure, the average defence spending was 2.5 % in 2021 in the EU and 2.4% in the euro area. As a share of GDP the average was 1.3% in the EU and in the euro area.[1]
Total defence expenditure of the European Defence Agency (EDA) Member States was €214 billion in 2021, which was 1.5% of the 26 EDA Member States’ GDP, the same percentage as in 2020.[2]
By GDP per capita
The European Defence Agency member state average spend on defence as a percentage of GDP was 1.5% in 2021.[2]
Rank (lowest first) | Country | Percentage of GDP expenditure, 2022[3] |
---|---|---|
28 | Albania | 1.58% |
1 | Andorra | *** |
14 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.81% |
26 | Bulgaria | 1.51% |
41 | Croatia | 2.17% |
21 | Czechia | 1.36% |
40 | Estonia | 2.09% |
27 | Hungary | 1.53% |
10 | Kazakhstan | 0.51% |
15 | Kosovo | 1.13% |
39 | Latvia | 2.05% |
45 | Lithuania | 2.52% |
30 | North Macedonia | 1.61% |
30 | Montenegro | 1.61% |
44 | Poland | 2.39% |
35 | Romania | 1.73% |
43 | Serbia | 2.28% |
36 | Slovakia | 1.76% |
17 | Slovenia | 1.19% |
48 | Armenia | 4.32% |
49 | Azerbaijan | 4.55% |
18 | Belarus | 1.20% |
24 | Georgia | 1.43% |
7 | Moldova | 0.32% |
47 | Russia | 4.06% |
50 | Ukraine | 33.55% |
13 | Austria | 0.77% |
16 | Belgium | 1.18% |
37 | Cyprus | 1.81% |
23 | Denmark | 1.42% |
34 | Finland | 1.72% |
38 | France | 1.94% |
22 | Germany | 1.39% |
46 | Greece | 3.69% |
5 | Iceland (2021) | 0.1%[1]***** |
6 | Ireland | 0.23% |
33 | Italy | 1.68% |
8 | Liechtenstein (assumed 2017) | 0.4%[4]* |
11 | Luxembourg | 0.70% |
9 | Malta | 0.50% |
1 | Monaco | ** |
28 | Netherlands | 1.58% |
32 | Norway | 1.64% |
20 | Portugal | 1.35% |
1 | San Marino | **** |
25 | Spain | 1.47% |
19 | Sweden | 1.31% |
12 | Switzerland | 0.76% |
42 | United Kingdom | 2.23% |
1 | Vatican City | **** |
*no regular military forces[5]
**defence is the responsibility of France[6]
***defence is the responsibility of France and Spain[7]
By total capital expenditure
Country | US $m (2021 value) in 2022[3] |
---|---|
Albania | 296.6 |
Andorra | *** |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 187.7 |
Bulgaria | 1336.5 |
Croatia | 1341.2 |
Czechia | 3707.1 |
Estonia | 753.5 |
Hungary | 2774.0 |
Kosovo | 108.0 |
Latvia | 819.5 |
Lithuania | 1656.1 |
North Macedonia | 230.9 |
Montenegro | 97.7 |
Poland | 16818.9 |
Romania | 5161.1 |
Serbia | 1443.5 |
Slovakia | 2003.0 |
Slovenia | 758.9 |
Armenia | 634.3 |
Azerbaijan | 2664.8 |
Belarus | 792.2 |
Georgia | 292.7 |
Moldova | 40.1 |
Russia | 71981.1 |
Ukraine | 43983.2 |
Austria | 3783.9 |
Belgium | 7045.0 |
Cyprus | 514.6 |
Denmark | 5737.7 |
Finland | 5089.5 |
France | 56999.7 |
Germany | 57807.7 |
Greece | 8347.5 |
Iceland | 0.0***** |
Ireland | 1207.7 |
Italy | 34627.5 |
Kazakhstan | 1079.47 |
Liechtenstein | * |
Luxembourg | 585.7 |
Malta | 92.4 |
Monaco | ** |
Netherlands | 15670.8 |
Norway | 8960.3 |
Portugal | 3647.6 |
San Marino | **** |
Spain | 20979.2 |
Sweden | 8491.5 |
Switzerland | 6241.2 |
United Kingdom | 69998.7 |
Vatican City | **** |
*no regular military forces[5]
**defence is the responsibility of France[6]
***defence is the responsibility of France and Spain[7]
****defence is the responsibility of Italy[8][9]
*****defence is the responsibility of NATO[10]
See also
- List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe by GDP (PPP)
- List of European countries by fiscal balance
- List of metropolitan areas in the European Union by GDP
- List of European countries by budget revenues
- List of European countries by budget revenues per capita
- Economy of Europe
- World economy
- European Union
- OSCE countries statistics
References
- 1 2 "Government expenditure on defence". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
- 1 2 "European defence spending surpasses €200 billion for first time". eda.europa.eu. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
- 1 2 "SIPRI Military Expenditure Database | SIPRI". www.sipri.org. Retrieved 2023-11-12.
- ↑ O’Riordan, Sean (2018-06-08). "Ireland's defence spending is lowest in Europe at 0.3% of GDP". Irish Examiner. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
- 1 2 "Liechtenstein", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-10-19, retrieved 2023-10-27
- 1 2 "Monaco (08/05)". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
- 1 2 "Andorra", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-10-19, retrieved 2023-10-27
- 1 2 "San Marino", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-10-19, retrieved 2023-10-27
- 1 2 "Holy See (Vatican City)", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-11-01, retrieved 2023-11-12
- 1 2 "Iceland", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-11-06, retrieved 2023-11-12