zsugorodik
Hungarian
Etymology
From Proto-Ugric *ćuŋkɜ-, *(ćuŋkɜ-rɜ-) (“shrink, shrivel (up)”) [1] + -odik (reflexive suffix).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈʒuɡorodik]
- Hyphenation: zsu‧go‧ro‧dik
- Rhymes: -odik
Conjugation
conjugation of zsugorodik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | zsugorodok | zsugorodsz | zsugorodik | zsugorodunk | zsugorodtok | zsugorodnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | zsugorodtam | zsugorodtál | zsugorodott | zsugorodtunk | zsugorodtatok | zsugorodtak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. zsugorodni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | zsugorodék | zsugorodál | zsugoroda | zsugorodánk | zsugorodátok | zsugorodának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. zsugorodik vala, zsugorodott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | zsugorodandok | zsugorodandasz | zsugorodand | zsugorodandunk | zsugorodandotok | zsugorodandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | zsugorodnék | zsugorodnál | zsugorodna | zsugorodnánk | zsugorodnátok | zsugorodnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. zsugorodott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | zsugorodjak | zsugorodj or zsugorodjál |
zsugorodjon | zsugorodjunk | zsugorodjatok | zsugorodjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. zsugorodott légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | zsugorodni | zsugorodnom | zsugorodnod | zsugorodnia | zsugorodnunk | zsugorodnotok | zsugorodniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| zsugorodás | zsugorodó | zsugorodott | ― | zsugorodva (zsugorodván) | |||||
potential conjugation of zsugorodik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | zsugorodhatok | zsugorodhatsz | zsugorodhat | zsugorodhatunk | zsugorodhattok | zsugorodhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | zsugorodhattam | zsugorodhattál | zsugorodhatott | zsugorodhattunk | zsugorodhattatok | zsugorodhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | zsugorodhaték | zsugorodhatál | zsugorodhata | zsugorodhatánk | zsugorodhatátok | zsugorodhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. zsugorodhat vala, zsugorodhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | zsugorodhatandok or zsugorodandhatok |
zsugorodhatandasz or zsugorodandhatsz |
zsugorodhatand or zsugorodandhat |
zsugorodhatandunk or zsugorodandhatunk |
zsugorodhatandotok or zsugorodandhattok |
zsugorodhatandanak or zsugorodandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | zsugorodhatnék | zsugorodhatnál | zsugorodhatna | zsugorodhatnánk | zsugorodhatnátok | zsugorodhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. zsugorodhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | zsugorodhassak | zsugorodhass or zsugorodhassál |
zsugorodhasson | zsugorodhassunk | zsugorodhassatok | zsugorodhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. zsugorodhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (zsugorodhatni) | (zsugorodhatnom) | (zsugorodhatnod) | (zsugorodhatnia) | (zsugorodhatnunk) | (zsugorodhatnotok) | (zsugorodhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (zsugorodhatva / zsugorodhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
- zsugorodás
(With verbal prefixes):
- összezsugorodik
References
- Entry #1736 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- zsugorodik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- zsugorodik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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