uttara
Old Javanese
Derived terms
- aṅuttara
- kottara
- anuttara
- lokauttara
- uttarabhādrawadā
- uttaradeśa
- uttarakāṇḍa
- uttaramānawa
- uttaraphalgunī
- uttarapūrwa
- uttarastha
- uttarasāgara
- uttarāsaṅga
- uttarāyaṇa
- uttarāyaṇadiwasa
- uttarāṣaḍhā
Descendants
- → Balinese: ᬉᬢ᭄ᬢᬭ (utara, “north”)
Further reading
- "uttara" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
Pali
Alternative forms
Etymology 1
Inherited from Sanskrit उत्तर (úttara), from Proto-Indo-European *údteros.
Adjective
uttara
Declension
Declension table of "uttara" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | uttaro | uttarā |
| Accusative (second) | uttaraṃ | uttare |
| Instrumental (third) | uttarena | uttarehi or uttarebhi |
| Dative (fourth) | uttarassa or uttarāya or uttaratthaṃ | uttarānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | uttarasmā or uttaramhā or uttarā | uttarehi or uttarebhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | uttarassa | uttarānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | uttarasmiṃ or uttaramhi or uttare | uttaresu |
| Vocative (calling) | uttara | uttarā |
Declension table of "uttarā" (feminine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | uttarā | uttarāyo or uttarā |
| Accusative (second) | uttaraṃ | uttarāyo or uttarā |
| Instrumental (third) | uttarāya | uttarāhi or uttarābhi |
| Dative (fourth) | uttarāya | uttarānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | uttarāya | uttarāhi or uttarābhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | uttarāya | uttarānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | uttarāya or uttarāyaṃ | uttarāsu |
| Vocative (calling) | uttare | uttarāyo or uttarā |
Declension table of "uttara" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | uttaraṃ | uttarāni |
| Accusative (second) | uttaraṃ | uttarāni |
| Instrumental (third) | uttarena | uttarehi or uttarebhi |
| Dative (fourth) | uttarassa or uttarāya or uttaratthaṃ | uttarānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | uttarasmā or uttaramhā or uttarā | uttarehi or uttarebhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | uttarassa | uttarānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | uttarasmiṃ or uttaramhi or uttare | uttaresu |
| Vocative (calling) | uttara | uttarāni |
Declension
As the neuter of the adjective, of which it is a standard application.
Descendants
- → Burmese: ဥတ္တရ (utta.ra.) (learned)
Etymology 2
Inherited from Sanskrit उत्तर (uttara). Synchonically, clearly related to the root tar and the verb uttarati (“to cross over”).
Declension
Declension table of "uttara" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | uttaro | uttarā |
| Accusative (second) | uttaraṃ | uttare |
| Instrumental (third) | uttarena | uttarehi or uttarebhi |
| Dative (fourth) | uttarassa or uttarāya or uttaratthaṃ | uttarānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | uttarasmā or uttaramhā or uttarā | uttarehi or uttarebhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | uttarassa | uttarānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | uttarasmiṃ or uttaramhi or uttare | uttaresu |
| Vocative (calling) | uttara | uttarā |
Declension table of "uttarā" (feminine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | uttarā | uttarāyo or uttarā |
| Accusative (second) | uttaraṃ | uttarāyo or uttarā |
| Instrumental (third) | uttarāya | uttarāhi or uttarābhi |
| Dative (fourth) | uttarāya | uttarānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | uttarāya | uttarāhi or uttarābhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | uttarāya | uttarānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | uttarāya or uttarāyaṃ | uttarāsu |
| Vocative (calling) | uttare | uttarāyo or uttarā |
Declension table of "uttara" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | uttaraṃ | uttarāni |
| Accusative (second) | uttaraṃ | uttarāni |
| Instrumental (third) | uttarena | uttarehi or uttarebhi |
| Dative (fourth) | uttarassa or uttarāya or uttaratthaṃ | uttarānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | uttarasmā or uttaramhā or uttarā | uttarehi or uttarebhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | uttarassa | uttarānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | uttarasmiṃ or uttaramhi or uttare | uttaresu |
| Vocative (calling) | uttara | uttarāni |
Derived terms
Related terms
- uttarati
- uttaraṇa
References
- Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “uttara”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
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