tvrdit

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech tvrditi, from Proto-Slavic *tvьrditi. By surface analysis, tvrdý +‎ -it.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈtvr̩ɟɪt]

Verb

tvrdit impf

  1. to assert (to declare with assurance or plainly and strongly)
  2. to harden (to make something hard(er))

Conjugation
Conjugation
Infinitive tvrdit, tvrditi Active adjective tvrdící
Verbal noun tvrzení Passive adjective tvrzený
Present formsindicativeimperative
singularpluralsingularplural
1st person tvrdímtvrdíme—tvrďme
2nd person tvrdíštvrdítetvrďtvrďte
3rd person tvrdítvrdí——
The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive tvrdit.
ParticiplesPast participlesPassive participles
singularpluralsingularplural
masculine animate tvrdiltvrdilitvrzentvrzeni
masculine inanimate tvrdilytvrzeny
feminine tvrdilatvrzena
neuter tvrdilotvrdilatvrzenotvrzena
Transgressives present past
masculine singular tvrdě—
feminine + neuter singular tvrdíc—
plural tvrdíce—

Derived terms

Further reading
  • tvrditi in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • tvrditi in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • tvrdit in Internetová jazyková příručka
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