tshala

See also: tshála

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-bɪ́ada.

Verb

-tshála

  1. to plant, to sow

Inflection
Tone H
Infinitive ukutshala
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukutshala ukungatshali
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular tshala -tshale
Plural tshalani -tshaleni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyatshala, ngitshala engitshalayo, engitshala ngitshala angitshali engingatshali ngingatshali
2nd singular uyatshala, utshala otshalayo, otshala utshala awutshali ongatshali ungatshali
1st plural siyatshala, sitshala esitshalayo, esitshala sitshala asitshali esingatshali singatshali
2nd plural niyatshala, nitshala enitshalayo, enitshala nitshala anitshali eningatshali ningatshali
Class 1 uyatshala, utshala otshalayo, otshala etshala akatshali ongatshali engatshali
Class 2 bayatshala, batshala abatshalayo, abatshala betshala abatshali abangatshali bengatshali
Class 3 uyatshala, utshala otshalayo, otshala utshala awutshali ongatshali ungatshali
Class 4 iyatshala, itshala etshalayo, etshala itshala ayitshali engatshali ingatshali
Class 5 liyatshala, litshala elitshalayo, elitshala litshala alitshali elingatshali lingatshali
Class 6 ayatshala, atshala atshalayo, atshala etshala awatshali angatshali engatshali
Class 7 siyatshala, sitshala esitshalayo, esitshala sitshala asitshali esingatshali singatshali
Class 8 ziyatshala, zitshala ezitshalayo, ezitshala zitshala azitshali ezingatshali zingatshali
Class 9 iyatshala, itshala etshalayo, etshala itshala ayitshali engatshali ingatshali
Class 10 ziyatshala, zitshala ezitshalayo, ezitshala zitshala azitshali ezingatshali zingatshali
Class 11 luyatshala, lutshala olutshalayo, olutshala lutshala alutshali olungatshali lungatshali
Class 14 buyatshala, butshala obutshalayo, obutshala butshala abutshali obungatshali bungatshali
Class 15 kuyatshala, kutshala okutshalayo, okutshala kutshala akutshali okungatshali kungatshali
Class 17 kuyatshala, kutshala okutshalayo, okutshala kutshala akutshali okungatshali kungatshali
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngitshalile, ngitshalē engitshalile, engitshalē ngitshalile, ngitshalē angitshalanga engingatshalanga ngingatshalanga
2nd singular utshalile, utshalē otshalile, otshalē utshalile, utshalē awutshalanga ongatshalanga ungatshalanga
1st plural sitshalile, sitshalē esitshalile, esitshalē sitshalile, sitshalē asitshalanga esingatshalanga singatshalanga
2nd plural nitshalile, nitshalē enitshalile, enitshalē nitshalile, nitshalē anitshalanga eningatshalanga ningatshalanga
Class 1 utshalile, utshalē otshalile, otshalē etshalile, etshalē akatshalanga ongatshalanga engatshalanga
Class 2 batshalile, batshalē abatshalile, abatshalē betshalile, betshalē abatshalanga abangatshalanga bengatshalanga
Class 3 utshalile, utshalē otshalile, otshalē utshalile, utshalē awutshalanga ongatshalanga ungatshalanga
Class 4 itshalile, itshalē etshalile, etshalē itshalile, itshalē ayitshalanga engatshalanga ingatshalanga
Class 5 litshalile, litshalē elitshalile, elitshalē litshalile, litshalē alitshalanga elingatshalanga lingatshalanga
Class 6 atshalile, atshalē atshalile, atshalē etshalile, etshalē awatshalanga angatshalanga engatshalanga
Class 7 sitshalile, sitshalē esitshalile, esitshalē sitshalile, sitshalē asitshalanga esingatshalanga singatshalanga
Class 8 zitshalile, zitshalē ezitshalile, ezitshalē zitshalile, zitshalē azitshalanga ezingatshalanga zingatshalanga
Class 9 itshalile, itshalē etshalile, etshalē itshalile, itshalē ayitshalanga engatshalanga ingatshalanga
Class 10 zitshalile, zitshalē ezitshalile, ezitshalē zitshalile, zitshalē azitshalanga ezingatshalanga zingatshalanga
Class 11 lutshalile, lutshalē olutshalile, olutshalē lutshalile, lutshalē alutshalanga olungatshalanga lungatshalanga
Class 14 butshalile, butshalē obutshalile, obutshalē butshalile, butshalē abutshalanga obungatshalanga bungatshalanga
Class 15 kutshalile, kutshalē okutshalile, okutshalē kutshalile, kutshalē akutshalanga okungatshalanga kungatshalanga
Class 17 kutshalile, kutshalē okutshalile, okutshalē kutshalile, kutshalē akutshalanga okungatshalanga kungatshalanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngātshala engātshala ngātshala angitshalanga engingatshalanga ngingatshalanga
2nd singular wātshala owātshala wātshala awutshalanga ongatshalanga ungatshalanga
1st plural sātshala esātshala sātshala asitshalanga esingatshalanga singatshalanga
2nd plural nātshala enātshala nātshala anitshalanga eningatshalanga ningatshalanga
Class 1 wātshala owātshala ātshala akatshalanga ongatshalanga engatshalanga
Class 2 bātshala abātshala bātshala abatshalanga abangatshalanga bengatshalanga
Class 3 wātshala owātshala wātshala awutshalanga ongatshalanga ungatshalanga
Class 4 yātshala eyātshala yātshala ayitshalanga engatshalanga ingatshalanga
Class 5 lātshala elātshala lātshala alitshalanga elingatshalanga lingatshalanga
Class 6 ātshala ātshala ātshala awatshalanga angatshalanga engatshalanga
Class 7 sātshala esātshala sātshala asitshalanga esingatshalanga singatshalanga
Class 8 zātshala ezātshala zātshala azitshalanga ezingatshalanga zingatshalanga
Class 9 yātshala eyātshala yātshala ayitshalanga engatshalanga ingatshalanga
Class 10 zātshala ezātshala zātshala azitshalanga ezingatshalanga zingatshalanga
Class 11 lwātshala olwātshala lwātshala alutshalanga olungatshalanga lungatshalanga
Class 14 bātshala obātshala bātshala abutshalanga obungatshalanga bungatshalanga
Class 15 kwātshala okwātshala kwātshala akutshalanga okungatshalanga kungatshalanga
Class 17 kwātshala okwātshala kwātshala akutshalanga okungatshalanga kungatshalanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingatshala — ngingatshala ngingetshale — ngingetshale
2nd singular ungatshala — ungatshala ungetshale — ungetshale
1st plural singatshala — singatshala singetshale — singetshale
2nd plural ningatshala — ningatshala ningetshale — ningetshale
Class 1 angatshala — engatshala angetshale — engetshale
Class 2 bangatshala — bengatshala bangetshale — bengetshale
Class 3 ungatshala — ungatshala ungetshale — ungetshale
Class 4 ingatshala — ingatshala ingetshale — ingetshale
Class 5 lingatshala — lingatshala lingetshale — lingetshale
Class 6 angatshala — engatshala angetshale — engetshale
Class 7 singatshala — singatshala singetshale — singetshale
Class 8 zingatshala — zingatshala zingetshale — zingetshale
Class 9 ingatshala — ingatshala ingetshale — ingetshale
Class 10 zingatshala — zingatshala zingetshale — zingetshale
Class 11 lungatshala — lungatshala lungetshale — lungetshale
Class 14 bungatshala — bungatshala bungetshale — bungetshale
Class 15 kungatshala — kungatshala kungetshale — kungetshale
Class 17 kungatshala — kungatshala kungetshale — kungetshale
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizotshala engizotshala ngizotshala angizutshala engingezutshala ngingezutshala
2nd singular uzotshala ozotshala uzotshala awuzutshala ongezutshala ungezutshala
1st plural sizotshala esizotshala sizotshala asizutshala esingezutshala singezutshala
2nd plural nizotshala enizotshala nizotshala anizutshala eningezutshala ningezutshala
Class 1 uzotshala ozotshala ezotshala akazutshala ongezutshala engezutshala
Class 2 bazotshala abazotshala bezotshala abazutshala abangezutshala bengezutshala
Class 3 uzotshala ozotshala uzotshala awuzutshala ongezutshala ungezutshala
Class 4 izotshala ezotshala izotshala ayizutshala engezutshala ingezutshala
Class 5 lizotshala elizotshala lizotshala alizutshala elingezutshala lingezutshala
Class 6 azotshala azotshala ezotshala awazutshala angezutshala engezutshala
Class 7 sizotshala esizotshala sizotshala asizutshala esingezutshala singezutshala
Class 8 zizotshala ezizotshala zizotshala azizutshala ezingezutshala zingezutshala
Class 9 izotshala ezotshala izotshala ayizutshala engezutshala ingezutshala
Class 10 zizotshala ezizotshala zizotshala azizutshala ezingezutshala zingezutshala
Class 11 luzotshala oluzotshala luzotshala aluzutshala olungezutshala lungezutshala
Class 14 buzotshala obuzotshala buzotshala abuzutshala obungezutshala bungezutshala
Class 15 kuzotshala okuzotshala kuzotshala akuzutshala okungezutshala kungezutshala
Class 17 kuzotshala okuzotshala kuzotshala akuzutshala okungezutshala kungezutshala
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyotshala engiyotshala ngiyotshala angiyutshala engingeyutshala ngingeyutshala
2nd singular uyotshala oyotshala uyotshala awuyutshala ongeyutshala ungeyutshala
1st plural siyotshala esiyotshala siyotshala asiyutshala esingeyutshala singeyutshala
2nd plural niyotshala eniyotshala niyotshala aniyutshala eningeyutshala ningeyutshala
Class 1 uyotshala oyotshala eyotshala akayutshala ongeyutshala engeyutshala
Class 2 bayotshala abayotshala beyotshala abayutshala abangeyutshala bengeyutshala
Class 3 uyotshala oyotshala uyotshala awuyutshala ongeyutshala ungeyutshala
Class 4 iyotshala eyotshala iyotshala ayiyutshala engeyutshala ingeyutshala
Class 5 liyotshala eliyotshala liyotshala aliyutshala elingeyutshala lingeyutshala
Class 6 ayotshala ayotshala eyotshala awayutshala angeyutshala engeyutshala
Class 7 siyotshala esiyotshala siyotshala asiyutshala esingeyutshala singeyutshala
Class 8 ziyotshala eziyotshala ziyotshala aziyutshala ezingeyutshala zingeyutshala
Class 9 iyotshala eyotshala iyotshala ayiyutshala engeyutshala ingeyutshala
Class 10 ziyotshala eziyotshala ziyotshala aziyutshala ezingeyutshala zingeyutshala
Class 11 luyotshala oluyotshala luyotshala aluyutshala olungeyutshala lungeyutshala
Class 14 buyotshala obuyotshala buyotshala abuyutshala obungeyutshala bungeyutshala
Class 15 kuyotshala okuyotshala kuyotshala akuyutshala okungeyutshala kungeyutshala
Class 17 kuyotshala okuyotshala kuyotshala akuyutshala okungeyutshala kungeyutshala
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngitshale ngingatshali
2nd singular utshale ungatshali
1st plural sitshale singatshali
2nd plural nitshale ningatshali
Class 1 atshale angatshali
Class 2 batshale bangatshali
Class 3 utshale ungatshali
Class 4 itshale ingatshali
Class 5 litshale lingatshali
Class 6 atshale angatshali
Class 7 sitshale singatshali
Class 8 zitshale zingatshali
Class 9 itshale ingatshali
Class 10 zitshale zingatshali
Class 11 lutshale lungatshali
Class 14 butshale bungatshali
Class 15 kutshale kungatshali
Class 17 kutshale kungatshali
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngatshala ngangatshala, angatshala, angangatshala
2nd singular watshala wangatshala, awatshala, awangatshala
1st plural satshala sangatshala, asatshala, asangatshala
2nd plural natshala nangatshala, anatshala, anangatshala
Class 1 watshala wangatshala, akatshala, akangatshala
Class 2 batshala bangatshala, abatshala, abangatshala
Class 3 watshala wangatshala, awatshala, awangatshala
Class 4 yatshala yangatshala, ayatshala, ayangatshala
Class 5 latshala langatshala, alatshala, alangatshala
Class 6 atshala angatshala, awatshala, awangatshala
Class 7 satshala sangatshala, asatshala, asangatshala
Class 8 zatshala zangatshala, azatshala, azangatshala
Class 9 yatshala yangatshala, ayatshala, ayangatshala
Class 10 zatshala zangatshala, azatshala, azangatshala
Class 11 lwatshala lwangatshala, alwatshala, alwangatshala
Class 14 batshala bangatshala, abatshala, abangatshala
Class 15 kwatshala kwangatshala, akwatshala, akwangatshala
Class 17 kwatshala kwangatshala, akwatshala, akwangatshala

Derived terms

References
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