trawstrefa

Welsh

Etymology

From traws- +‎ hendrefa (“to live in a winter abode”).

Pronunciation
  • (North Wales) IPA(key): /trau̯sˈdrɛva/, [tr̥ʰau̯sˈtrɛva]
  • (South Wales) IPA(key): /trau̯sˈdreːva/, [tr̥ʰau̯sˈtreːva], /trau̯sˈtrɛva/, [tr̥ʰau̯sˈtrɛva]

Verb

trawstrefa (first-person singular present trawstrefaf)

  1. to practice transhumance (to move seasonally with livestock to new pastures)

Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future trawstrefaf trawstrefi trawstrefa trawstrefwn trawstrefwch trawstrefant trawstrefir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional		 trawstrefwn trawstrefit trawstrefai trawstrefem trawstrefech trawstrefent trawstrefid
preterite trawstrefais trawstrefaist trawstrefodd trawstrefasom trawstrefasoch trawstrefasant trawstrefwyd
pluperfect trawstrefaswn trawstrefasit trawstrefasai trawstrefasem trawstrefasech trawstrefasent trawstrefasid, trawstrefesid
present subjunctive trawstrefwyf trawstrefych trawstrefo trawstrefom trawstrefoch trawstrefont trawstrefer
imperative — trawstrefa trawstrefed trawstrefwn trawstrefwch trawstrefent trawstrefer
verbal noun trawstrefa
verbal adjectives trawstrefedig
trawstrefadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future trawstrefa i, trawstrefaf i trawstrefi di trawstrefith o/e/hi, trawstrefiff e/hi trawstrefwn ni trawstrefwch chi trawstrefan nhw
conditional trawstrefwn i, trawstrefswn i trawstrefet ti, trawstrefset ti trawstrefai fo/fe/hi, trawstrefsai fo/fe/hi trawstrefen ni, trawstrefsen ni trawstrefech chi, trawstrefsech chi trawstrefen nhw, trawstrefsen nhw
preterite trawstrefais i, trawstrefes i trawstrefaist ti, trawstrefest ti trawstrefodd o/e/hi trawstrefon ni trawstrefoch chi trawstrefon nhw
imperative — trawstrefa — — trawstrefwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.
  • hafota (“to live in a summer abode”)
  • hendrefa (“to live in a winter abode”)

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
trawstrefa drawstrefa nhrawstrefa thrawstrefa
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “trawstrefa”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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