tráigid
Old Irish
Etymology
The surviving present stem is a denominative formation from tráig (“ebb, beach”). However, Weiss derives the preterite and future stems from a related B II verb Proto-Celtic *tragyeti, whence also Middle Welsh treio.[1]
Inflection
The verb was originally a strong verb, but by early Irish the present stem was being replaced by a weak formation already.
Simple, class A II present, reduplicated preterite, s future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Abs. | tráigit | |||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | tráigis | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | |||||||||
| Preterite | Abs. | tethraig | tethragtar | ||||||
| Conj. | ·tethraig | ||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ro·tethraig | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Abs. | tethrais | |||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Conditional | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | ·tragad | ||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | |||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Descendants
- Middle Irish: tráigid
References
- Weiss, Michael (2018) “Limited Latin Grassmann's Law: Do We Need It?”, in Dieter Gunkel, Stephanie W. Jamison, Angelo O. Mercado and Kazuhiko Yoshida, editors, Vina Diem Celebrent: Studies in Linguistics and Philology in Honor of Brent Vine, Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, pages 438-447
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tráigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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