tiyak

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Hokkien, as per Chan-Yap (1980)[1] and Manuel (1948),[2] possibly:

  • 的 (tiak, “true; real”), as in 的確／的确 (tiak-khak, “indeed; really”) with the Hokkien term as used in the Philippines, attested in the Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum (1626-1642), defined in Spanish as ciertamente (“certainly”).[3]
  • 大約／大约 (tāi-iak, “approximately; more or less; probably; likely”)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tiˈak/, [ˈt͡ʃak]
  • Hyphenation: ti‧yak

Adjective

tiyák (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜌᜃ᜔)

  1. sure; certain; without doubt
    Synonyms: sigurado, walang-duda, walang-mintis, walang-alinlangan, nakasisiguro, piho, pihado

Derived terms
  • di-natitiyak
  • di-tiyak
  • katiyakan
  • katiyakin
  • kawalang-tiyak
  • magtiyakan
  • makatiyak
  • maniyak
  • mapaniyak
  • matiyak
  • nakatitiyak
  • pagtiyak
  • panghalip na di-tiyak
  • tiyakan
  • tiyakin
  • tumiyak
  • walang-katiyakan

References
  1. Chan-Yap, Gloria (1980) “Hokkien Chinese borrowings in Tagalog”, in Pacific Linguistics, volume B, number 71 (PDF), Canberra, A.C.T. 2600.: The Australian National University, page 134
  2. Manuel, E. Arsenio (1948) Chinese elements in the Tagalog language: with some indication of Chinese influence on other Philippine languages and cultures and an excursion into Austronesian linguistics, Manila: Filipiniana Publications, page 63
  3. Dictionario Hispánico-Sinicum, kept as Vocabulario Español-Chino con caracteres chinos (TOMO 215) in the University of Santo Tomás Archives, Manila: Dominican Order of Preachers, O.P., 1626-1642, page 112; republished as Lee, Fabio Yuchung (李毓中), Chen, Tsung-jen (陳宗仁), José, Regalado Trota, Caño, José Luis Ortigosa, editors, Hokkien Spanish Historical Document Series I: Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum, Hsinchu: National Tsing Hua University Press, 2018, →ISBN.

Further reading
  • “tiyak”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
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