thomba

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tòmba.

Verb

-thomba

  1. Begin puberty.
  2. Rust.
  3. Get a film; get a layer of dust.

Inflection
Tone L
Infinitive ukuthomba
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuthomba ukungathombi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular thomba -thombe
Plural thombani -thombeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyathomba, ngithomba engithombayo, engithomba ngithomba angithombi engingathombi ngingathombi
2nd singular uyathomba, uthomba othombayo, othomba uthomba awuthombi ongathombi ungathombi
1st plural siyathomba, sithomba esithombayo, esithomba sithomba asithombi esingathombi singathombi
2nd plural niyathomba, nithomba enithombayo, enithomba nithomba anithombi eningathombi ningathombi
Class 1 uyathomba, uthomba othombayo, othomba ethomba akathombi ongathombi engathombi
Class 2 bayathomba, bathomba abathombayo, abathomba bethomba abathombi abangathombi bengathombi
Class 3 uyathomba, uthomba othombayo, othomba uthomba awuthombi ongathombi ungathombi
Class 4 iyathomba, ithomba ethombayo, ethomba ithomba ayithombi engathombi ingathombi
Class 5 liyathomba, lithomba elithombayo, elithomba lithomba alithombi elingathombi lingathombi
Class 6 ayathomba, athomba athombayo, athomba ethomba awathombi angathombi engathombi
Class 7 siyathomba, sithomba esithombayo, esithomba sithomba asithombi esingathombi singathombi
Class 8 ziyathomba, zithomba ezithombayo, ezithomba zithomba azithombi ezingathombi zingathombi
Class 9 iyathomba, ithomba ethombayo, ethomba ithomba ayithombi engathombi ingathombi
Class 10 ziyathomba, zithomba ezithombayo, ezithomba zithomba azithombi ezingathombi zingathombi
Class 11 luyathomba, luthomba oluthombayo, oluthomba luthomba aluthombi olungathombi lungathombi
Class 14 buyathomba, buthomba obuthombayo, obuthomba buthomba abuthombi obungathombi bungathombi
Class 15 kuyathomba, kuthomba okuthombayo, okuthomba kuthomba akuthombi okungathombi kungathombi
Class 17 kuyathomba, kuthomba okuthombayo, okuthomba kuthomba akuthombi okungathombi kungathombi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngithombile, ngithombē engithombile, engithombē ngithombile, ngithombē angithombanga engingathombanga ngingathombanga
2nd singular uthombile, uthombē othombile, othombē uthombile, uthombē awuthombanga ongathombanga ungathombanga
1st plural sithombile, sithombē esithombile, esithombē sithombile, sithombē asithombanga esingathombanga singathombanga
2nd plural nithombile, nithombē enithombile, enithombē nithombile, nithombē anithombanga eningathombanga ningathombanga
Class 1 uthombile, uthombē othombile, othombē ethombile, ethombē akathombanga ongathombanga engathombanga
Class 2 bathombile, bathombē abathombile, abathombē bethombile, bethombē abathombanga abangathombanga bengathombanga
Class 3 uthombile, uthombē othombile, othombē uthombile, uthombē awuthombanga ongathombanga ungathombanga
Class 4 ithombile, ithombē ethombile, ethombē ithombile, ithombē ayithombanga engathombanga ingathombanga
Class 5 lithombile, lithombē elithombile, elithombē lithombile, lithombē alithombanga elingathombanga lingathombanga
Class 6 athombile, athombē athombile, athombē ethombile, ethombē awathombanga angathombanga engathombanga
Class 7 sithombile, sithombē esithombile, esithombē sithombile, sithombē asithombanga esingathombanga singathombanga
Class 8 zithombile, zithombē ezithombile, ezithombē zithombile, zithombē azithombanga ezingathombanga zingathombanga
Class 9 ithombile, ithombē ethombile, ethombē ithombile, ithombē ayithombanga engathombanga ingathombanga
Class 10 zithombile, zithombē ezithombile, ezithombē zithombile, zithombē azithombanga ezingathombanga zingathombanga
Class 11 luthombile, luthombē oluthombile, oluthombē luthombile, luthombē aluthombanga olungathombanga lungathombanga
Class 14 buthombile, buthombē obuthombile, obuthombē buthombile, buthombē abuthombanga obungathombanga bungathombanga
Class 15 kuthombile, kuthombē okuthombile, okuthombē kuthombile, kuthombē akuthombanga okungathombanga kungathombanga
Class 17 kuthombile, kuthombē okuthombile, okuthombē kuthombile, kuthombē akuthombanga okungathombanga kungathombanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāthomba engāthomba ngāthomba angithombanga engingathombanga ngingathombanga
2nd singular wāthomba owāthomba wāthomba awuthombanga ongathombanga ungathombanga
1st plural sāthomba esāthomba sāthomba asithombanga esingathombanga singathombanga
2nd plural nāthomba enāthomba nāthomba anithombanga eningathombanga ningathombanga
Class 1 wāthomba owāthomba āthomba akathombanga ongathombanga engathombanga
Class 2 bāthomba abāthomba bāthomba abathombanga abangathombanga bengathombanga
Class 3 wāthomba owāthomba wāthomba awuthombanga ongathombanga ungathombanga
Class 4 yāthomba eyāthomba yāthomba ayithombanga engathombanga ingathombanga
Class 5 lāthomba elāthomba lāthomba alithombanga elingathombanga lingathombanga
Class 6 āthomba āthomba āthomba awathombanga angathombanga engathombanga
Class 7 sāthomba esāthomba sāthomba asithombanga esingathombanga singathombanga
Class 8 zāthomba ezāthomba zāthomba azithombanga ezingathombanga zingathombanga
Class 9 yāthomba eyāthomba yāthomba ayithombanga engathombanga ingathombanga
Class 10 zāthomba ezāthomba zāthomba azithombanga ezingathombanga zingathombanga
Class 11 lwāthomba olwāthomba lwāthomba aluthombanga olungathombanga lungathombanga
Class 14 bāthomba obāthomba bāthomba abuthombanga obungathombanga bungathombanga
Class 15 kwāthomba okwāthomba kwāthomba akuthombanga okungathombanga kungathombanga
Class 17 kwāthomba okwāthomba kwāthomba akuthombanga okungathombanga kungathombanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingathomba — ngingathomba ngingethombe — ngingethombe
2nd singular ungathomba — ungathomba ungethombe — ungethombe
1st plural singathomba — singathomba singethombe — singethombe
2nd plural ningathomba — ningathomba ningethombe — ningethombe
Class 1 angathomba — engathomba angethombe — engethombe
Class 2 bangathomba — bengathomba bangethombe — bengethombe
Class 3 ungathomba — ungathomba ungethombe — ungethombe
Class 4 ingathomba — ingathomba ingethombe — ingethombe
Class 5 lingathomba — lingathomba lingethombe — lingethombe
Class 6 angathomba — engathomba angethombe — engethombe
Class 7 singathomba — singathomba singethombe — singethombe
Class 8 zingathomba — zingathomba zingethombe — zingethombe
Class 9 ingathomba — ingathomba ingethombe — ingethombe
Class 10 zingathomba — zingathomba zingethombe — zingethombe
Class 11 lungathomba — lungathomba lungethombe — lungethombe
Class 14 bungathomba — bungathomba bungethombe — bungethombe
Class 15 kungathomba — kungathomba kungethombe — kungethombe
Class 17 kungathomba — kungathomba kungethombe — kungethombe
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizothomba engizothomba ngizothomba angizuthomba engingezuthomba ngingezuthomba
2nd singular uzothomba ozothomba uzothomba awuzuthomba ongezuthomba ungezuthomba
1st plural sizothomba esizothomba sizothomba asizuthomba esingezuthomba singezuthomba
2nd plural nizothomba enizothomba nizothomba anizuthomba eningezuthomba ningezuthomba
Class 1 uzothomba ozothomba ezothomba akazuthomba ongezuthomba engezuthomba
Class 2 bazothomba abazothomba bezothomba abazuthomba abangezuthomba bengezuthomba
Class 3 uzothomba ozothomba uzothomba awuzuthomba ongezuthomba ungezuthomba
Class 4 izothomba ezothomba izothomba ayizuthomba engezuthomba ingezuthomba
Class 5 lizothomba elizothomba lizothomba alizuthomba elingezuthomba lingezuthomba
Class 6 azothomba azothomba ezothomba awazuthomba angezuthomba engezuthomba
Class 7 sizothomba esizothomba sizothomba asizuthomba esingezuthomba singezuthomba
Class 8 zizothomba ezizothomba zizothomba azizuthomba ezingezuthomba zingezuthomba
Class 9 izothomba ezothomba izothomba ayizuthomba engezuthomba ingezuthomba
Class 10 zizothomba ezizothomba zizothomba azizuthomba ezingezuthomba zingezuthomba
Class 11 luzothomba oluzothomba luzothomba aluzuthomba olungezuthomba lungezuthomba
Class 14 buzothomba obuzothomba buzothomba abuzuthomba obungezuthomba bungezuthomba
Class 15 kuzothomba okuzothomba kuzothomba akuzuthomba okungezuthomba kungezuthomba
Class 17 kuzothomba okuzothomba kuzothomba akuzuthomba okungezuthomba kungezuthomba
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyothomba engiyothomba ngiyothomba angiyuthomba engingeyuthomba ngingeyuthomba
2nd singular uyothomba oyothomba uyothomba awuyuthomba ongeyuthomba ungeyuthomba
1st plural siyothomba esiyothomba siyothomba asiyuthomba esingeyuthomba singeyuthomba
2nd plural niyothomba eniyothomba niyothomba aniyuthomba eningeyuthomba ningeyuthomba
Class 1 uyothomba oyothomba eyothomba akayuthomba ongeyuthomba engeyuthomba
Class 2 bayothomba abayothomba beyothomba abayuthomba abangeyuthomba bengeyuthomba
Class 3 uyothomba oyothomba uyothomba awuyuthomba ongeyuthomba ungeyuthomba
Class 4 iyothomba eyothomba iyothomba ayiyuthomba engeyuthomba ingeyuthomba
Class 5 liyothomba eliyothomba liyothomba aliyuthomba elingeyuthomba lingeyuthomba
Class 6 ayothomba ayothomba eyothomba awayuthomba angeyuthomba engeyuthomba
Class 7 siyothomba esiyothomba siyothomba asiyuthomba esingeyuthomba singeyuthomba
Class 8 ziyothomba eziyothomba ziyothomba aziyuthomba ezingeyuthomba zingeyuthomba
Class 9 iyothomba eyothomba iyothomba ayiyuthomba engeyuthomba ingeyuthomba
Class 10 ziyothomba eziyothomba ziyothomba aziyuthomba ezingeyuthomba zingeyuthomba
Class 11 luyothomba oluyothomba luyothomba aluyuthomba olungeyuthomba lungeyuthomba
Class 14 buyothomba obuyothomba buyothomba abuyuthomba obungeyuthomba bungeyuthomba
Class 15 kuyothomba okuyothomba kuyothomba akuyuthomba okungeyuthomba kungeyuthomba
Class 17 kuyothomba okuyothomba kuyothomba akuyuthomba okungeyuthomba kungeyuthomba
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngithombe ngingathombi
2nd singular uthombe ungathombi
1st plural sithombe singathombi
2nd plural nithombe ningathombi
Class 1 athombe angathombi
Class 2 bathombe bangathombi
Class 3 uthombe ungathombi
Class 4 ithombe ingathombi
Class 5 lithombe lingathombi
Class 6 athombe angathombi
Class 7 sithombe singathombi
Class 8 zithombe zingathombi
Class 9 ithombe ingathombi
Class 10 zithombe zingathombi
Class 11 luthombe lungathombi
Class 14 buthombe bungathombi
Class 15 kuthombe kungathombi
Class 17 kuthombe kungathombi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngathomba ngangathomba, angathomba, angangathomba
2nd singular wathomba wangathomba, awathomba, awangathomba
1st plural sathomba sangathomba, asathomba, asangathomba
2nd plural nathomba nangathomba, anathomba, anangathomba
Class 1 wathomba wangathomba, akathomba, akangathomba
Class 2 bathomba bangathomba, abathomba, abangathomba
Class 3 wathomba wangathomba, awathomba, awangathomba
Class 4 yathomba yangathomba, ayathomba, ayangathomba
Class 5 lathomba langathomba, alathomba, alangathomba
Class 6 athomba angathomba, awathomba, awangathomba
Class 7 sathomba sangathomba, asathomba, asangathomba
Class 8 zathomba zangathomba, azathomba, azangathomba
Class 9 yathomba yangathomba, ayathomba, ayangathomba
Class 10 zathomba zangathomba, azathomba, azangathomba
Class 11 lwathomba lwangathomba, alwathomba, alwangathomba
Class 14 bathomba bangathomba, abathomba, abangathomba
Class 15 kwathomba kwangathomba, akwathomba, akwangathomba
Class 17 kwathomba kwangathomba, akwathomba, akwangathomba

Derived terms

References
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