tanggung

Indonesian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈt̪aŋ.ɡʊŋ]
  • Hyphenation: tang‧gung

Etymology 1

From Malay tanggung, from Classical Malay تڠݢوڠ (tanggung), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋguŋ (“carry on a shoulder pole”).

Verb

tanggung

  1. to bear (a burden, loss, etc.)
  2. to assume a risk
  3. to guarantee; to warrantee; to be responsible for
  4. to hold someone accountable or liable for
  5. to take up a question, address
Conjugation
Conjugation of tanggung (meng-, intransitive)
Root tanggung
Active Involuntary /
Perfective		 Passive Basic /
Imperative		 Jussive
Active menanggung tertanggung ditanggung tanggung tanggunglah
Locative menanggungi tertanggungi ditanggungi tanggungi tanggungilah
Causative / Applicative1 menanggungkan tertanggungkan ditanggungkan tanggungkan tanggungkanlah
Causative
Active mempertanggung terpertanggung dipertanggung pertanggung pertanggunglah
Locative mempertanggungi terpertanggungi dipertanggungi pertanggungi pertanggungilah
Causative / Applicative1 mempertanggungkan terpertanggungkan dipertanggungkan pertanggungkan pertanggungkanlah
1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Notes:
Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.
Derived terms
  • tanggung aib
  • tanggung akibat
  • tanggung budi
  • tanggung derita
  • tanggung gugat
  • tanggung jawab
  • tanggung jiwa
  • tanggung kasih
  • tanggung malu
  • tanggung pinjaman
  • tanggung ragam
  • tanggung rahasia
  • tanggung rindu
  • tanggung rugi
  • tanggung sabar
  • tanggung sakit
  • tanggung sengsara

Adjective

tanggung

  1. guaranteed

Etymology 2

From Javanese tanggung.

Adjective

tanggung

  1. medium; not quite adequate or enough (in quantity, size, etc.)
  2. not quite on time; just too late
  3. difficult (of choice, moment, etc.)

Further reading

Javanese
Javanese writing system
Carakan ꦠꦁꦒꦸꦁ
Roman tanggung

Etymology 1

From Old Javanese taṅguṅ (“carrying, bearing, burden, load”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋguŋ (“carry on a shoulder pole”).

Verb

tanggung

  1. to vouch for; to accept responsibility for
Derived terms
  • nanggung

Noun

tanggung

  1. security; pledge (for a loan)
  2. responsibility; obligation

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

tanggung (ngoko tanggung, krama tanggel)

  1. medium; half-hearted; insufficient; only part
Descendants
  • → Indonesian: tanggung

Further reading
  • The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2015) “tanggung”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋguŋ (“carry on a shoulder pole”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /taŋ.ɡuŋ/
  • (Johor-Riau) IPA(key): [ˈt̪äŋ.ɡʊŋ], [ˈt̪äŋ.ɡoŋ]
  • Rhymes: -ɡoŋ, -oŋ, -ʊŋ
  • Rhymes: -uŋ

Verb

tanggung (Jawi spelling تڠݢوڠ)

  1. to support on the shoulder
  2. to bear up a heavy weight from below
  3. (figurative) to bear up under trouble or misfortune
  4. (figurative) to stand security for another

Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

  • penanggung [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
  • penanggungan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
  • tanggungan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
  • menanggung [agent focus] (meN-)
  • menanggungkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
  • ditanggung [patient focus] (di-)
  • ditanggungkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
  • tertanggung [agentless action] (teR-)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

Descendants

Further reading
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