sutha
Irish
Noun
sutha m (genitive singular sutha, nominative plural suthaí)
Declension
Declension of sutha
Fourth declension
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
sutha | shutha after an, tsutha |
not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927) “sutha”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sutha”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “sutha” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
- Entries containing “sutha” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
Northern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jíkʊta. Cognate with Xhosa -hlutha.
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Alternative forms
- -esutha
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jíkʊta. Cognate with Xhosa -hlutha.
Verb
-sútha
Inflection
Tone H | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukusutha | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukusutha | ukungasuthi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | sutha | -suthe | |||||||
Plural | suthani | -sutheni | |||||||
Stative | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngisuthi | engisuthi | ngisuthi | angisuthi | engingasuthi | ngingasuthi | |||
2nd singular | usuthi | osuthi | usuthi | awusuthi | ongasuthi | ungasuthi | |||
1st plural | sisuthi | esisuthi | sisuthi | asisuthi | esingasuthi | singasuthi | |||
2nd plural | nisuthi | enisuthi | nisuthi | anisuthi | eningasuthi | ningasuthi | |||
Class 1 | usuthi | osuthi | esuthi | akasuthi | ongasuthi | engasuthi | |||
Class 2 | basuthi | abasuthi | besuthi | abasuthi | abangasuthi | bengasuthi | |||
Class 3 | usuthi | osuthi | usuthi | awusuthi | ongasuthi | ongasuthi | |||
Class 4 | isuthi | esuthi | isuthi | ayisuthi | engasuthi | ingasuthi | |||
Class 5 | lisuthi | elisuthi | lisuthi | alisuthi | elingasuthi | lingasuthi | |||
Class 6 | asuthi | asuthi | esuthi | awasuthi | angasuthi | engasuthi | |||
Class 7 | sisuthi | esisuthi | sisuthi | asisuthi | esingasuthi | singasuthi | |||
Class 8 | zisuthi | ezisuthi | zisuthi | azisuthi | ezingasuthi | zingasuthi | |||
Class 9 | isuthi | esuthi | isuthi | ayisuthi | engasuthi | ingasuthi | |||
Class 10 | zisuthi | ezisuthi | zisuthi | azisuthi | ezingasuthi | zingasuthi | |||
Class 11 | lusuthi | olusuthi | lusuthi | alusuthi | olungasuthi | lungasuthi | |||
Class 14 | busuthi | obusuthi | busuthi | abusuthi | obungasuthi | bungasuthi | |||
Class 15 | kusuthi | okusuthi | kusuthi | akusuthi | okungasuthi | kungasuthi | |||
Class 17 | kusuthi | okusuthi | kusuthi | akusuthi | okungasuthi | kungasuthi | |||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyasutha, ngisutha | engisuthayo, engisutha | ngisutha | angisuthi | engingasuthi | ngingasuthi | |||
2nd singular | uyasutha, usutha | osuthayo, osutha | usutha | awusuthi | ongasuthi | ungasuthi | |||
1st plural | siyasutha, sisutha | esisuthayo, esisutha | sisutha | asisuthi | esingasuthi | singasuthi | |||
2nd plural | niyasutha, nisutha | enisuthayo, enisutha | nisutha | anisuthi | eningasuthi | ningasuthi | |||
Class 1 | uyasutha, usutha | osuthayo, osutha | esutha | akasuthi | ongasuthi | engasuthi | |||
Class 2 | bayasutha, basutha | abasuthayo, abasutha | besutha | abasuthi | abangasuthi | bengasuthi | |||
Class 3 | uyasutha, usutha | osuthayo, osutha | usutha | awusuthi | ongasuthi | ungasuthi | |||
Class 4 | iyasutha, isutha | esuthayo, esutha | isutha | ayisuthi | engasuthi | ingasuthi | |||
Class 5 | liyasutha, lisutha | elisuthayo, elisutha | lisutha | alisuthi | elingasuthi | lingasuthi | |||
Class 6 | ayasutha, asutha | asuthayo, asutha | esutha | awasuthi | angasuthi | engasuthi | |||
Class 7 | siyasutha, sisutha | esisuthayo, esisutha | sisutha | asisuthi | esingasuthi | singasuthi | |||
Class 8 | ziyasutha, zisutha | ezisuthayo, ezisutha | zisutha | azisuthi | ezingasuthi | zingasuthi | |||
Class 9 | iyasutha, isutha | esuthayo, esutha | isutha | ayisuthi | engasuthi | ingasuthi | |||
Class 10 | ziyasutha, zisutha | ezisuthayo, ezisutha | zisutha | azisuthi | ezingasuthi | zingasuthi | |||
Class 11 | luyasutha, lusutha | olusuthayo, olusutha | lusutha | alusuthi | olungasuthi | lungasuthi | |||
Class 14 | buyasutha, busutha | obusuthayo, obusutha | busutha | abusuthi | obungasuthi | bungasuthi | |||
Class 15 | kuyasutha, kusutha | okusuthayo, okusutha | kusutha | akusuthi | okungasuthi | kungasuthi | |||
Class 17 | kuyasutha, kusutha | okusuthayo, okusutha | kusutha | akusuthi | okungasuthi | kungasuthi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngisuthile, ngisuthē | engisuthile, engisuthē | ngisuthile, ngisuthē | angisuthanga | engingasuthanga | ngingasuthanga | |||
2nd singular | usuthile, usuthē | osuthile, osuthē | usuthile, usuthē | awusuthanga | ongasuthanga | ungasuthanga | |||
1st plural | sisuthile, sisuthē | esisuthile, esisuthē | sisuthile, sisuthē | asisuthanga | esingasuthanga | singasuthanga | |||
2nd plural | nisuthile, nisuthē | enisuthile, enisuthē | nisuthile, nisuthē | anisuthanga | eningasuthanga | ningasuthanga | |||
Class 1 | usuthile, usuthē | osuthile, osuthē | esuthile, esuthē | akasuthanga | ongasuthanga | engasuthanga | |||
Class 2 | basuthile, basuthē | abasuthile, abasuthē | besuthile, besuthē | abasuthanga | abangasuthanga | bengasuthanga | |||
Class 3 | usuthile, usuthē | osuthile, osuthē | usuthile, usuthē | awusuthanga | ongasuthanga | ungasuthanga | |||
Class 4 | isuthile, isuthē | esuthile, esuthē | isuthile, isuthē | ayisuthanga | engasuthanga | ingasuthanga | |||
Class 5 | lisuthile, lisuthē | elisuthile, elisuthē | lisuthile, lisuthē | alisuthanga | elingasuthanga | lingasuthanga | |||
Class 6 | asuthile, asuthē | asuthile, asuthē | esuthile, esuthē | awasuthanga | angasuthanga | engasuthanga | |||
Class 7 | sisuthile, sisuthē | esisuthile, esisuthē | sisuthile, sisuthē | asisuthanga | esingasuthanga | singasuthanga | |||
Class 8 | zisuthile, zisuthē | ezisuthile, ezisuthē | zisuthile, zisuthē | azisuthanga | ezingasuthanga | zingasuthanga | |||
Class 9 | isuthile, isuthē | esuthile, esuthē | isuthile, isuthē | ayisuthanga | engasuthanga | ingasuthanga | |||
Class 10 | zisuthile, zisuthē | ezisuthile, ezisuthē | zisuthile, zisuthē | azisuthanga | ezingasuthanga | zingasuthanga | |||
Class 11 | lusuthile, lusuthē | olusuthile, olusuthē | lusuthile, lusuthē | alusuthanga | olungasuthanga | lungasuthanga | |||
Class 14 | busuthile, busuthē | obusuthile, obusuthē | busuthile, busuthē | abusuthanga | obungasuthanga | bungasuthanga | |||
Class 15 | kusuthile, kusuthē | okusuthile, okusuthē | kusuthile, kusuthē | akusuthanga | okungasuthanga | kungasuthanga | |||
Class 17 | kusuthile, kusuthē | okusuthile, okusuthē | kusuthile, kusuthē | akusuthanga | okungasuthanga | kungasuthanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāsutha | engāsutha | ngāsutha | angisuthanga | engingasuthanga | ngingasuthanga | |||
2nd singular | wāsutha | owāsutha | wāsutha | awusuthanga | ongasuthanga | ungasuthanga | |||
1st plural | sāsutha | esāsutha | sāsutha | asisuthanga | esingasuthanga | singasuthanga | |||
2nd plural | nāsutha | enāsutha | nāsutha | anisuthanga | eningasuthanga | ningasuthanga | |||
Class 1 | wāsutha | owāsutha | āsutha | akasuthanga | ongasuthanga | engasuthanga | |||
Class 2 | bāsutha | abāsutha | bāsutha | abasuthanga | abangasuthanga | bengasuthanga | |||
Class 3 | wāsutha | owāsutha | wāsutha | awusuthanga | ongasuthanga | ungasuthanga | |||
Class 4 | yāsutha | eyāsutha | yāsutha | ayisuthanga | engasuthanga | ingasuthanga | |||
Class 5 | lāsutha | elāsutha | lāsutha | alisuthanga | elingasuthanga | lingasuthanga | |||
Class 6 | āsutha | āsutha | āsutha | awasuthanga | angasuthanga | engasuthanga | |||
Class 7 | sāsutha | esāsutha | sāsutha | asisuthanga | esingasuthanga | singasuthanga | |||
Class 8 | zāsutha | ezāsutha | zāsutha | azisuthanga | ezingasuthanga | zingasuthanga | |||
Class 9 | yāsutha | eyāsutha | yāsutha | ayisuthanga | engasuthanga | ingasuthanga | |||
Class 10 | zāsutha | ezāsutha | zāsutha | azisuthanga | ezingasuthanga | zingasuthanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāsutha | olwāsutha | lwāsutha | alusuthanga | olungasuthanga | lungasuthanga | |||
Class 14 | bāsutha | obāsutha | bāsutha | abusuthanga | obungasuthanga | bungasuthanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāsutha | okwāsutha | kwāsutha | akusuthanga | okungasuthanga | kungasuthanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāsutha | okwāsutha | kwāsutha | akusuthanga | okungasuthanga | kungasuthanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingasutha | — | ngingasutha | ngingesuthe | — | ngingesuthe | |||
2nd singular | ungasutha | — | ungasutha | ungesuthe | — | ungesuthe | |||
1st plural | singasutha | — | singasutha | singesuthe | — | singesuthe | |||
2nd plural | ningasutha | — | ningasutha | ningesuthe | — | ningesuthe | |||
Class 1 | angasutha | — | engasutha | angesuthe | — | engesuthe | |||
Class 2 | bangasutha | — | bengasutha | bangesuthe | — | bengesuthe | |||
Class 3 | ungasutha | — | ungasutha | ungesuthe | — | ungesuthe | |||
Class 4 | ingasutha | — | ingasutha | ingesuthe | — | ingesuthe | |||
Class 5 | lingasutha | — | lingasutha | lingesuthe | — | lingesuthe | |||
Class 6 | angasutha | — | engasutha | angesuthe | — | engesuthe | |||
Class 7 | singasutha | — | singasutha | singesuthe | — | singesuthe | |||
Class 8 | zingasutha | — | zingasutha | zingesuthe | — | zingesuthe | |||
Class 9 | ingasutha | — | ingasutha | ingesuthe | — | ingesuthe | |||
Class 10 | zingasutha | — | zingasutha | zingesuthe | — | zingesuthe | |||
Class 11 | lungasutha | — | lungasutha | lungesuthe | — | lungesuthe | |||
Class 14 | bungasutha | — | bungasutha | bungesuthe | — | bungesuthe | |||
Class 15 | kungasutha | — | kungasutha | kungesuthe | — | kungesuthe | |||
Class 17 | kungasutha | — | kungasutha | kungesuthe | — | kungesuthe | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizosutha | engizosutha | ngizosutha | angizusutha | engingezusutha | ngingezusutha | |||
2nd singular | uzosutha | ozosutha | uzosutha | awuzusutha | ongezusutha | ungezusutha | |||
1st plural | sizosutha | esizosutha | sizosutha | asizusutha | esingezusutha | singezusutha | |||
2nd plural | nizosutha | enizosutha | nizosutha | anizusutha | eningezusutha | ningezusutha | |||
Class 1 | uzosutha | ozosutha | ezosutha | akazusutha | ongezusutha | engezusutha | |||
Class 2 | bazosutha | abazosutha | bezosutha | abazusutha | abangezusutha | bengezusutha | |||
Class 3 | uzosutha | ozosutha | uzosutha | awuzusutha | ongezusutha | ungezusutha | |||
Class 4 | izosutha | ezosutha | izosutha | ayizusutha | engezusutha | ingezusutha | |||
Class 5 | lizosutha | elizosutha | lizosutha | alizusutha | elingezusutha | lingezusutha | |||
Class 6 | azosutha | azosutha | ezosutha | awazusutha | angezusutha | engezusutha | |||
Class 7 | sizosutha | esizosutha | sizosutha | asizusutha | esingezusutha | singezusutha | |||
Class 8 | zizosutha | ezizosutha | zizosutha | azizusutha | ezingezusutha | zingezusutha | |||
Class 9 | izosutha | ezosutha | izosutha | ayizusutha | engezusutha | ingezusutha | |||
Class 10 | zizosutha | ezizosutha | zizosutha | azizusutha | ezingezusutha | zingezusutha | |||
Class 11 | luzosutha | oluzosutha | luzosutha | aluzusutha | olungezusutha | lungezusutha | |||
Class 14 | buzosutha | obuzosutha | buzosutha | abuzusutha | obungezusutha | bungezusutha | |||
Class 15 | kuzosutha | okuzosutha | kuzosutha | akuzusutha | okungezusutha | kungezusutha | |||
Class 17 | kuzosutha | okuzosutha | kuzosutha | akuzusutha | okungezusutha | kungezusutha | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyosutha | engiyosutha | ngiyosutha | angiyusutha | engingeyusutha | ngingeyusutha | |||
2nd singular | uyosutha | oyosutha | uyosutha | awuyusutha | ongeyusutha | ungeyusutha | |||
1st plural | siyosutha | esiyosutha | siyosutha | asiyusutha | esingeyusutha | singeyusutha | |||
2nd plural | niyosutha | eniyosutha | niyosutha | aniyusutha | eningeyusutha | ningeyusutha | |||
Class 1 | uyosutha | oyosutha | eyosutha | akayusutha | ongeyusutha | engeyusutha | |||
Class 2 | bayosutha | abayosutha | beyosutha | abayusutha | abangeyusutha | bengeyusutha | |||
Class 3 | uyosutha | oyosutha | uyosutha | awuyusutha | ongeyusutha | ungeyusutha | |||
Class 4 | iyosutha | eyosutha | iyosutha | ayiyusutha | engeyusutha | ingeyusutha | |||
Class 5 | liyosutha | eliyosutha | liyosutha | aliyusutha | elingeyusutha | lingeyusutha | |||
Class 6 | ayosutha | ayosutha | eyosutha | awayusutha | angeyusutha | engeyusutha | |||
Class 7 | siyosutha | esiyosutha | siyosutha | asiyusutha | esingeyusutha | singeyusutha | |||
Class 8 | ziyosutha | eziyosutha | ziyosutha | aziyusutha | ezingeyusutha | zingeyusutha | |||
Class 9 | iyosutha | eyosutha | iyosutha | ayiyusutha | engeyusutha | ingeyusutha | |||
Class 10 | ziyosutha | eziyosutha | ziyosutha | aziyusutha | ezingeyusutha | zingeyusutha | |||
Class 11 | luyosutha | oluyosutha | luyosutha | aluyusutha | olungeyusutha | lungeyusutha | |||
Class 14 | buyosutha | obuyosutha | buyosutha | abuyusutha | obungeyusutha | bungeyusutha | |||
Class 15 | kuyosutha | okuyosutha | kuyosutha | akuyusutha | okungeyusutha | kungeyusutha | |||
Class 17 | kuyosutha | okuyosutha | kuyosutha | akuyusutha | okungeyusutha | kungeyusutha | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngisuthe | ngingasuthi | |||||||
2nd singular | usuthe | ungasuthi | |||||||
1st plural | sisuthe | singasuthi | |||||||
2nd plural | nisuthe | ningasuthi | |||||||
Class 1 | asuthe | angasuthi | |||||||
Class 2 | basuthe | bangasuthi | |||||||
Class 3 | usuthe | ungasuthi | |||||||
Class 4 | isuthe | ingasuthi | |||||||
Class 5 | lisuthe | lingasuthi | |||||||
Class 6 | asuthe | angasuthi | |||||||
Class 7 | sisuthe | singasuthi | |||||||
Class 8 | zisuthe | zingasuthi | |||||||
Class 9 | isuthe | ingasuthi | |||||||
Class 10 | zisuthe | zingasuthi | |||||||
Class 11 | lusuthe | lungasuthi | |||||||
Class 14 | busuthe | bungasuthi | |||||||
Class 15 | kusuthe | kungasuthi | |||||||
Class 17 | kusuthe | kungasuthi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngasutha | ngangasutha, angasutha, angangasutha | |||||||
2nd singular | wasutha | wangasutha, awasutha, awangasutha | |||||||
1st plural | sasutha | sangasutha, asasutha, asangasutha | |||||||
2nd plural | nasutha | nangasutha, anasutha, anangasutha | |||||||
Class 1 | wasutha | wangasutha, akasutha, akangasutha | |||||||
Class 2 | basutha | bangasutha, abasutha, abangasutha | |||||||
Class 3 | wasutha | wangasutha, awasutha, awangasutha | |||||||
Class 4 | yasutha | yangasutha, ayasutha, ayangasutha | |||||||
Class 5 | lasutha | langasutha, alasutha, alangasutha | |||||||
Class 6 | asutha | angasutha, awasutha, awangasutha | |||||||
Class 7 | sasutha | sangasutha, asasutha, asangasutha | |||||||
Class 8 | zasutha | zangasutha, azasutha, azangasutha | |||||||
Class 9 | yasutha | yangasutha, ayasutha, ayangasutha | |||||||
Class 10 | zasutha | zangasutha, azasutha, azangasutha | |||||||
Class 11 | lwasutha | lwangasutha, alwasutha, alwangasutha | |||||||
Class 14 | basutha | bangasutha, abasutha, abangasutha | |||||||
Class 15 | kwasutha | kwangasutha, akwasutha, akwangasutha | |||||||
Class 17 | kwasutha | kwangasutha, akwasutha, akwangasutha |
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “sutha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “sutha (3.9)”
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