survivre

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French survivre, from Latin supervīvō, from super + vīvō. Equivalent to sur- +‎ vivre.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /syʁ.vivʁ/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

survivre

  1. (intransitive) to survive
  2. (transitive with à) to survive (eg. an accident)
    • 2019, Géraldine Massot, La prophétie des papillons:
      À combien de petites morts ai-je survécu ?
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  3. (transitive with à) to outlive

Conjugation
Conjugation of survivre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple survivre
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple survivant
/syʁ.vi.vɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle survécu
/syʁ.ve.ky/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present survis
/syʁ.vi/		 survis
/syʁ.vi/		 survit
/syʁ.vi/		 survivons
/syʁ.vi.vɔ̃/		 survivez
/syʁ.vi.ve/		 survivent
/syʁ.viv/
imperfect survivais
/syʁ.vi.vɛ/		 survivais
/syʁ.vi.vɛ/		 survivait
/syʁ.vi.vɛ/		 survivions
/syʁ.vi.vjɔ̃/		 surviviez
/syʁ.vi.vje/		 survivaient
/syʁ.vi.vɛ/
past historic2 survécus
/syʁ.ve.ky/		 survécus
/syʁ.ve.ky/		 survécut
/syʁ.ve.ky/		 survécûmes
/syʁ.ve.kym/		 survécûtes
/syʁ.ve.kyt/		 survécurent
/syʁ.ve.kyʁ/
future survivrai
/syʁ.vi.vʁe/		 survivras
/syʁ.vi.vʁa/		 survivra
/syʁ.vi.vʁa/		 survivrons
/syʁ.vi.vʁɔ̃/		 survivrez
/syʁ.vi.vʁe/		 survivront
/syʁ.vi.vʁɔ̃/
conditional survivrais
/syʁ.vi.vʁɛ/		 survivrais
/syʁ.vi.vʁɛ/		 survivrait
/syʁ.vi.vʁɛ/		 survivrions
/syʁ.vi.vʁi.jɔ̃/		 survivriez
/syʁ.vi.vʁi.je/		 survivraient
/syʁ.vi.vʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present survive
/syʁ.viv/		 survives
/syʁ.viv/		 survive
/syʁ.viv/		 survivions
/syʁ.vi.vjɔ̃/		 surviviez
/syʁ.vi.vje/		 survivent
/syʁ.viv/
imperfect2 survécusse
/syʁ.ve.kys/		 survécusses
/syʁ.ve.kys/		 survécût
/syʁ.ve.ky/		 survécussions
/syʁ.ve.ky.sjɔ̃/		 survécussiez
/syʁ.ve.ky.sje/		 survécussent
/syʁ.ve.kys/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — survis
/syʁ.vi/		 — survivons
/syʁ.vi.vɔ̃/		 survivez
/syʁ.vi.ve/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Further reading

Old French

Alternative forms
  • sourvivre

Etymology

From Latin supervivere. Equivalent to sur- +‎ vivre.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /syɾˈvivɾə/

Verb

survivre

  1. to survive (to outlive, for example a spouse)
  2. to survive (to continue to exist)

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of survivre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive survivre avoir survescu
gerund en survivant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle survivant
past participle survescu
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present survif survis survit survivons survivez survivent
imperfect survivoie, surviveie survivoies, surviveies survivoit, surviveit surviviiens, surviviens surviviiez, surviviez survivoient, surviveient
preterite survesqui survesquis survesquié survesquimes survesquistes survesquierent
future survivrai survivras survivra survivrons survivroiz, survivreiz, survivrez survivront
conditional survivroie, survivreie survivroies, survivreies survivroit, survivreit survivriiens, survivriens survivriiez, survivriez survivroient, survivreient
compound
tenses		 present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present survive survives survive survivons survivez survivent
imperfect survesquisse survesquisses survesquist survesquissons, survesquissiens survesquissoiz, survesquissez, survesquissiez survesquissent
compound
tenses		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— survif — survivons survivez —

Descendants
  • → English: survive
  • French: survivre

References
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