subsum

English

Etymology

sub- +‎ sum

Noun

subsum (plural subsums)

  1. (mathematics) The sum of a subset of values.

Latin

Etymology

From sub- +‎ sum.

Pronunciation

Verb

subsum (present infinitive subesse, perfect active subfuī, future participle subfutūrus); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle

  1. (intransitive) to be under, among or behind
    • 1361 November 19, “Lübeck an Reval: theilt die Aug. 1 zu Greifswald von den Seestädten gefassten Beschlüsse mit”, in Hanserecesse, volumes I Die Recesse und andere Akten der Hansetage von 1256–1430, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, published 1870, page 193:
      Petimus eciam non haberi pro ingrato, quod premissa non prius fecimus vobis intimari; causa suffuit, quod hujusmodi tribulacio mercatoribus evenit ita repentino, quod vestri presenciam ad hoc non poterant habere commodose.
      We pray also that it will not be deemed ungrateful that the aforesent matters have not been intimated by us before; the underlying cause was (lit. the cause underlay) that a trouble of this kind went out so sudden to the merchants that they could not have your presence without inconvenience.
  2. (intransitive) to be at the bottom
    Synonym: cedo
  3. (intransitive) to be nearby
    Synonyms: immineo, astō, contingo, stō, insto

Usage notes
  • The perfect and future participle forms are non-Classical.

Conjugation
   Conjugation of subsum (highly irregular, suppletive, no supine stem except in the future active participle, active only)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present subsum subes subest subsumus subestis subsunt
imperfect suberam suberās suberat suberāmus suberātis suberant
future suberō suberis,
subere		 suberit suberimus suberitis suberunt
perfect subfuī subfuistī subfuit subfuimus subfuistis subfuērunt,
subfuēre
pluperfect subfueram subfuerās subfuerat subfuerāmus subfuerātis subfuerant
future perfect subfuerō subfueris subfuerit subfuerimus subfueritis subfuerint
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present subsim subsīs subsit subsīmus subsītis subsint
imperfect subessem,
subforem		 subessēs,
subforēs		 subesset,
subforet		 subessēmus,
subforēmus		 subessētis,
subforētis		 subessent,
subforent
perfect subfuerim subfuerīs subfuerit subfuerīmus subfuerītis subfuerint
pluperfect subfuissem subfuissēs subfuisset subfuissēmus subfuissētis subfuissent
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — subes — — subeste —
future — subestō subestō — subestōte subsuntō
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives subesse subfuisse subfutūrum esse,
subfore		 — — —
participles — — subfutūrus — — —

References
  • “subsum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “subsum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • subsum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • winter is at hand: hiems subest
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