sprengen
German
Etymology
From Middle High German sprengen, from Old High German sprengen, from Proto-Germanic *sprangijaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃpʁɛŋən/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: spren‧gen
Verb
sprengen (weak, third-person singular present sprengt, past tense sprengte, past participle gesprengt, auxiliary haben)
- to blow up, to blast
- (horticulture) to sprinkle
Conjugation
| infinitive | sprengen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | sprengend | ||||
| past participle | gesprengt | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich sprenge | wir sprengen | i | ich sprenge | wir sprengen |
| du sprengst | ihr sprengt | du sprengest | ihr sprenget | ||
| er sprengt | sie sprengen | er sprenge | sie sprengen | ||
| preterite | ich sprengte | wir sprengten | ii | ich sprengte1 | wir sprengten1 |
| du sprengtest | ihr sprengtet | du sprengtest1 | ihr sprengtet1 | ||
| er sprengte | sie sprengten | er sprengte1 | sie sprengten1 | ||
| imperative | spreng (du) sprenge (du) |
sprengt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
Middle English
Etymology
Inherited from Old English sprenġan, from Proto-West Germanic *sprangijan, from Proto-Germanic *sprangijaną; compare spryngen.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsprɛnd͡ʒən/, /ˈsprind͡ʒən/
Verb
sprengen (third-person singular simple present sprengeth, present participle sprengende, sprengynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle sprenged)
- To sprinkle or asperse; to spread in small drops or bits.
- 1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Shipmans Prologue”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:
- He wolden sowen som difficultee, / Or springen cockle in our clene corn.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- To diffuse or spray with a mist or gas.
- To combine or intermingle; to (cause to) become blended.
- (figuratively) To cleanse or purify from taint.
- (rare, of the sun) To rise; to emerge or appear.
Conjugation
Conjugation of sprengen (weak irregular/in -ed)
| infinitive | (to) sprengen, sprenge | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | sprenge | spreynde, sprenged | |
| 2nd-person singular | sprengest | spreyndest, sprengedest | |
| 3rd-person singular | sprengeth | spreynde, sprenged | |
| subjunctive singular | sprenge | ||
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural1 | sprengen, sprenge | spreynden, spreynde, sprengeden, sprengede | |
| imperative plural | sprengeth, sprenge | — | |
| participles | sprengynge, sprengende | spreynd, sprenged, yspreynd, ysprenged | |
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Descendants
- English: springe (obsolete)
References
- “sprenǧen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.