snḏ

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /siˈnicʼ/ → /siˈnitʼ/ → /səˈnetʼ/ → /səˈnetʼ/

Verb
snDA2

 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to be(come) afraid (+ n, ḥr, r, or m: of; to fear)
  2. (intransitive, with n) to respect, to revere; to hold in respect, awe, or reverence
  3. (transitive) to be afraid (to do something)

Inflection
Conjugation of snḏ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: snḏ, geminated stem: snḏḏ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
snḏ
 snḏw, snḏ
 snḏt
 snḏ
 snḏ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
snḏ
 ḥr snḏ
 m snḏ
 r snḏ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect snḏ.n
 snḏw, snḏ
 consecutive snḏ.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative snḏt
perfective3 snḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 snḏ.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective snḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 snḏ
 snḏḏ
 potentialis1 snḏ.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive snḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect snḏ.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective snḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 snḏ
 snḏ, snḏw5, snḏy5
imperfective snḏ, snḏy, snḏw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 snḏ, snḏj6, snḏy6
 snḏ, snḏw5
prospective snḏ, snḏtj7
 — snḏtj4, snḏt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Descendants
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲛⲁⲧ (snat)

Noun
snDA2

 m

  1. Alternative form of snḏw (“fear”)

Inflection
Declension of snḏ (masculine)
singular snḏ
dual snḏwj
plural snḏw

References
  • “snḏ (lemma ID 138730)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 182.2–183.3
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 171, 276, 359.
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