sioc

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish sicc.

Pronunciation

Noun

sioc m (genitive singular seaca)

  1. frost

Declension
Third declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative sioc
Vocative a shioc
Genitive seaca
Dative sioc

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an sioc
Genitive an tseaca
Dative leis an sioc

don sioc

Verb

sioc (present analytic siocann, future analytic siocfaidh, verbal noun siocadh, past participle sioctha)

  1. to freeze
  2. to congeal, set
  3. to stiffen

Conjugation
conjugation of sioc (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present siocaim siocann tú;
siocair†		 siocann sé, sí siocaimid siocann sibh siocann siad;
siocaid†		 a shiocann; a shiocas /
a siocann*; a siocas*		 sioctar
past shioc mé; shiocas shioc tú; shiocais shioc sé, sí shiocamar; shioc muid shioc sibh; shiocabhair shioc siad; shiocadar a shioc /
ar shioc*		 siocadh
past habitual shiocainn / siocainn‡‡ shioctá / sioctᇇ shiocadh sé, sí / siocadh sé, s퇇 shiocaimis; shiocadh muid / siocaimis‡‡; siocadh muid‡‡ shiocadh sibh / siocadh sibh‡‡ shiocaidís; shiocadh siad / siocaidís‡‡; siocadh siad‡‡ a shiocadh /
a siocadh*		 shioctaí / siocta퇇
future siocfaidh mé;
siocfad		 siocfaidh tú;
siocfair†		 siocfaidh sé, sí siocfaimid;
siocfaidh muid		 siocfaidh sibh siocfaidh siad;
siocfaid†		 a shiocfaidh; a shiocfas /
a siocfaidh*; a siocfas*		 siocfar
conditional shiocfainn / siocfainn‡‡ shiocfá / siocfᇇ shiocfadh sé, sí / siocfadh sé, s퇇 shiocfaimis; shiocfadh muid / siocfaimis‡‡; siocfadh muid‡‡ shiocfadh sibh / siocfadh sibh‡‡ shiocfaidís; shiocfadh siad / siocfaidís‡‡; siocfadh siad‡‡ a shiocfadh /
a siocfadh*		 shiocfaí / siocfa퇇
subjunctive present go sioca mé;
go siocad†		 go sioca tú;
go siocair†		 go sioca sé, sí go siocaimid;
go sioca muid		 go sioca sibh go sioca siad;
go siocaid†		 — go sioctar
past dá siocainn dá sioctá dá siocadh sé, sí dá siocaimis;
dá siocadh muid		 dá siocadh sibh dá siocaidís;
dá siocadh siad		 — dá sioctaí
imperative siocaim sioc siocadh sé, sí siocaimis siocaigí;
siocaidh†		 siocaidís — sioctar
verbal noun siocadh
past participle sioctha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Descendants
  • → Yola: sheck

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
sioc shioc
after an, tsioc		 not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 87
  2. Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 38

Further reading

Welsh

Etymology

From English shock.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʃɔk/
  • Rhymes: -ɔk

Noun

sioc m or f (plural siociau, not mutable)

  1. shock
    sioc drydanol ― electric shock

Synonyms
  • ysgytiad
  • (psychological blow): ergyd

Derived terms
  • siocio

Further reading
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sioc”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies 
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