shaywa

Zulu

Etymology

From -shaya +‎ -wa.

Verb

-shaywa?

  1. (intransitive) to be hit, to be struck, to be beaten
  2. (intransitive) to be punished
  3. (intransitive) to be sentenced
  4. (intransitive) to be played (a percussion instrument)

Inflection
Tone L
Infinitive ukushaywa
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukushaywa ukungashaywa
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular shaywa -shaywe
Plural shaywani -shayweni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyashaywa, ngishaywa engishaywayo, engishaywa ngishaywa angishaywa engingashaywa ngingashaywa
2nd singular uyashaywa, ushaywa oshaywayo, oshaywa ushaywa awushaywa ongashaywa ungashaywa
1st plural siyashaywa, sishaywa esishaywayo, esishaywa sishaywa asishaywa esingashaywa singashaywa
2nd plural niyashaywa, nishaywa enishaywayo, enishaywa nishaywa anishaywa eningashaywa ningashaywa
Class 1 uyashaywa, ushaywa oshaywayo, oshaywa eshaywa akashaywa ongashaywa engashaywa
Class 2 bayashaywa, bashaywa abashaywayo, abashaywa beshaywa abashaywa abangashaywa bengashaywa
Class 3 uyashaywa, ushaywa oshaywayo, oshaywa ushaywa awushaywa ongashaywa ungashaywa
Class 4 iyashaywa, ishaywa eshaywayo, eshaywa ishaywa ayishaywa engashaywa ingashaywa
Class 5 liyashaywa, lishaywa elishaywayo, elishaywa lishaywa alishaywa elingashaywa lingashaywa
Class 6 ayashaywa, ashaywa ashaywayo, ashaywa eshaywa awashaywa angashaywa engashaywa
Class 7 siyashaywa, sishaywa esishaywayo, esishaywa sishaywa asishaywa esingashaywa singashaywa
Class 8 ziyashaywa, zishaywa ezishaywayo, ezishaywa zishaywa azishaywa ezingashaywa zingashaywa
Class 9 iyashaywa, ishaywa eshaywayo, eshaywa ishaywa ayishaywa engashaywa ingashaywa
Class 10 ziyashaywa, zishaywa ezishaywayo, ezishaywa zishaywa azishaywa ezingashaywa zingashaywa
Class 11 luyashaywa, lushaywa olushaywayo, olushaywa lushaywa alushaywa olungashaywa lungashaywa
Class 14 buyashaywa, bushaywa obushaywayo, obushaywa bushaywa abushaywa obungashaywa bungashaywa
Class 15 kuyashaywa, kushaywa okushaywayo, okushaywa kushaywa akushaywa okungashaywa kungashaywa
Class 17 kuyashaywa, kushaywa okushaywayo, okushaywa kushaywa akushaywa okungashaywa kungashaywa
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngishayiwe, ngishaywē engishayiwe, engishaywē ngishayiwe, ngishaywē angishaywanga engingashaywanga ngingashaywanga
2nd singular ushayiwe, ushaywē oshayiwe, oshaywē ushayiwe, ushaywē awushaywanga ongashaywanga ungashaywanga
1st plural sishayiwe, sishaywē esishayiwe, esishaywē sishayiwe, sishaywē asishaywanga esingashaywanga singashaywanga
2nd plural nishayiwe, nishaywē enishayiwe, enishaywē nishayiwe, nishaywē anishaywanga eningashaywanga ningashaywanga
Class 1 ushayiwe, ushaywē oshayiwe, oshaywē eshayiwe, eshaywē akashaywanga ongashaywanga engashaywanga
Class 2 bashayiwe, bashaywē abashayiwe, abashaywē beshayiwe, beshaywē abashaywanga abangashaywanga bengashaywanga
Class 3 ushayiwe, ushaywē oshayiwe, oshaywē ushayiwe, ushaywē awushaywanga ongashaywanga ungashaywanga
Class 4 ishayiwe, ishaywē eshayiwe, eshaywē ishayiwe, ishaywē ayishaywanga engashaywanga ingashaywanga
Class 5 lishayiwe, lishaywē elishayiwe, elishaywē lishayiwe, lishaywē alishaywanga elingashaywanga lingashaywanga
Class 6 ashayiwe, ashaywē ashayiwe, ashaywē eshayiwe, eshaywē awashaywanga angashaywanga engashaywanga
Class 7 sishayiwe, sishaywē esishayiwe, esishaywē sishayiwe, sishaywē asishaywanga esingashaywanga singashaywanga
Class 8 zishayiwe, zishaywē ezishayiwe, ezishaywē zishayiwe, zishaywē azishaywanga ezingashaywanga zingashaywanga
Class 9 ishayiwe, ishaywē eshayiwe, eshaywē ishayiwe, ishaywē ayishaywanga engashaywanga ingashaywanga
Class 10 zishayiwe, zishaywē ezishayiwe, ezishaywē zishayiwe, zishaywē azishaywanga ezingashaywanga zingashaywanga
Class 11 lushayiwe, lushaywē olushayiwe, olushaywē lushayiwe, lushaywē alushaywanga olungashaywanga lungashaywanga
Class 14 bushayiwe, bushaywē obushayiwe, obushaywē bushayiwe, bushaywē abushaywanga obungashaywanga bungashaywanga
Class 15 kushayiwe, kushaywē okushayiwe, okushaywē kushayiwe, kushaywē akushaywanga okungashaywanga kungashaywanga
Class 17 kushayiwe, kushaywē okushayiwe, okushaywē kushayiwe, kushaywē akushaywanga okungashaywanga kungashaywanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāshaywa engāshaywa ngāshaywa angishaywanga engingashaywanga ngingashaywanga
2nd singular wāshaywa owāshaywa wāshaywa awushaywanga ongashaywanga ungashaywanga
1st plural sāshaywa esāshaywa sāshaywa asishaywanga esingashaywanga singashaywanga
2nd plural nāshaywa enāshaywa nāshaywa anishaywanga eningashaywanga ningashaywanga
Class 1 wāshaywa owāshaywa āshaywa akashaywanga ongashaywanga engashaywanga
Class 2 bāshaywa abāshaywa bāshaywa abashaywanga abangashaywanga bengashaywanga
Class 3 wāshaywa owāshaywa wāshaywa awushaywanga ongashaywanga ungashaywanga
Class 4 yāshaywa eyāshaywa yāshaywa ayishaywanga engashaywanga ingashaywanga
Class 5 lāshaywa elāshaywa lāshaywa alishaywanga elingashaywanga lingashaywanga
Class 6 āshaywa āshaywa āshaywa awashaywanga angashaywanga engashaywanga
Class 7 sāshaywa esāshaywa sāshaywa asishaywanga esingashaywanga singashaywanga
Class 8 zāshaywa ezāshaywa zāshaywa azishaywanga ezingashaywanga zingashaywanga
Class 9 yāshaywa eyāshaywa yāshaywa ayishaywanga engashaywanga ingashaywanga
Class 10 zāshaywa ezāshaywa zāshaywa azishaywanga ezingashaywanga zingashaywanga
Class 11 lwāshaywa olwāshaywa lwāshaywa alushaywanga olungashaywanga lungashaywanga
Class 14 bāshaywa obāshaywa bāshaywa abushaywanga obungashaywanga bungashaywanga
Class 15 kwāshaywa okwāshaywa kwāshaywa akushaywanga okungashaywanga kungashaywanga
Class 17 kwāshaywa okwāshaywa kwāshaywa akushaywanga okungashaywanga kungashaywanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingashaywa — ngingashaywa ngingeshaywe — ngingeshaywe
2nd singular ungashaywa — ungashaywa ungeshaywe — ungeshaywe
1st plural singashaywa — singashaywa singeshaywe — singeshaywe
2nd plural ningashaywa — ningashaywa ningeshaywe — ningeshaywe
Class 1 angashaywa — engashaywa angeshaywe — engeshaywe
Class 2 bangashaywa — bengashaywa bangeshaywe — bengeshaywe
Class 3 ungashaywa — ungashaywa ungeshaywe — ungeshaywe
Class 4 ingashaywa — ingashaywa ingeshaywe — ingeshaywe
Class 5 lingashaywa — lingashaywa lingeshaywe — lingeshaywe
Class 6 angashaywa — engashaywa angeshaywe — engeshaywe
Class 7 singashaywa — singashaywa singeshaywe — singeshaywe
Class 8 zingashaywa — zingashaywa zingeshaywe — zingeshaywe
Class 9 ingashaywa — ingashaywa ingeshaywe — ingeshaywe
Class 10 zingashaywa — zingashaywa zingeshaywe — zingeshaywe
Class 11 lungashaywa — lungashaywa lungeshaywe — lungeshaywe
Class 14 bungashaywa — bungashaywa bungeshaywe — bungeshaywe
Class 15 kungashaywa — kungashaywa kungeshaywe — kungeshaywe
Class 17 kungashaywa — kungashaywa kungeshaywe — kungeshaywe
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizoshaywa engizoshaywa ngizoshaywa angizushaywa engingezushaywa ngingezushaywa
2nd singular uzoshaywa ozoshaywa uzoshaywa awuzushaywa ongezushaywa ungezushaywa
1st plural sizoshaywa esizoshaywa sizoshaywa asizushaywa esingezushaywa singezushaywa
2nd plural nizoshaywa enizoshaywa nizoshaywa anizushaywa eningezushaywa ningezushaywa
Class 1 uzoshaywa ozoshaywa ezoshaywa akazushaywa ongezushaywa engezushaywa
Class 2 bazoshaywa abazoshaywa bezoshaywa abazushaywa abangezushaywa bengezushaywa
Class 3 uzoshaywa ozoshaywa uzoshaywa awuzushaywa ongezushaywa ungezushaywa
Class 4 izoshaywa ezoshaywa izoshaywa ayizushaywa engezushaywa ingezushaywa
Class 5 lizoshaywa elizoshaywa lizoshaywa alizushaywa elingezushaywa lingezushaywa
Class 6 azoshaywa azoshaywa ezoshaywa awazushaywa angezushaywa engezushaywa
Class 7 sizoshaywa esizoshaywa sizoshaywa asizushaywa esingezushaywa singezushaywa
Class 8 zizoshaywa ezizoshaywa zizoshaywa azizushaywa ezingezushaywa zingezushaywa
Class 9 izoshaywa ezoshaywa izoshaywa ayizushaywa engezushaywa ingezushaywa
Class 10 zizoshaywa ezizoshaywa zizoshaywa azizushaywa ezingezushaywa zingezushaywa
Class 11 luzoshaywa oluzoshaywa luzoshaywa aluzushaywa olungezushaywa lungezushaywa
Class 14 buzoshaywa obuzoshaywa buzoshaywa abuzushaywa obungezushaywa bungezushaywa
Class 15 kuzoshaywa okuzoshaywa kuzoshaywa akuzushaywa okungezushaywa kungezushaywa
Class 17 kuzoshaywa okuzoshaywa kuzoshaywa akuzushaywa okungezushaywa kungezushaywa
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyoshaywa engiyoshaywa ngiyoshaywa angiyushaywa engingeyushaywa ngingeyushaywa
2nd singular uyoshaywa oyoshaywa uyoshaywa awuyushaywa ongeyushaywa ungeyushaywa
1st plural siyoshaywa esiyoshaywa siyoshaywa asiyushaywa esingeyushaywa singeyushaywa
2nd plural niyoshaywa eniyoshaywa niyoshaywa aniyushaywa eningeyushaywa ningeyushaywa
Class 1 uyoshaywa oyoshaywa eyoshaywa akayushaywa ongeyushaywa engeyushaywa
Class 2 bayoshaywa abayoshaywa beyoshaywa abayushaywa abangeyushaywa bengeyushaywa
Class 3 uyoshaywa oyoshaywa uyoshaywa awuyushaywa ongeyushaywa ungeyushaywa
Class 4 iyoshaywa eyoshaywa iyoshaywa ayiyushaywa engeyushaywa ingeyushaywa
Class 5 liyoshaywa eliyoshaywa liyoshaywa aliyushaywa elingeyushaywa lingeyushaywa
Class 6 ayoshaywa ayoshaywa eyoshaywa awayushaywa angeyushaywa engeyushaywa
Class 7 siyoshaywa esiyoshaywa siyoshaywa asiyushaywa esingeyushaywa singeyushaywa
Class 8 ziyoshaywa eziyoshaywa ziyoshaywa aziyushaywa ezingeyushaywa zingeyushaywa
Class 9 iyoshaywa eyoshaywa iyoshaywa ayiyushaywa engeyushaywa ingeyushaywa
Class 10 ziyoshaywa eziyoshaywa ziyoshaywa aziyushaywa ezingeyushaywa zingeyushaywa
Class 11 luyoshaywa oluyoshaywa luyoshaywa aluyushaywa olungeyushaywa lungeyushaywa
Class 14 buyoshaywa obuyoshaywa buyoshaywa abuyushaywa obungeyushaywa bungeyushaywa
Class 15 kuyoshaywa okuyoshaywa kuyoshaywa akuyushaywa okungeyushaywa kungeyushaywa
Class 17 kuyoshaywa okuyoshaywa kuyoshaywa akuyushaywa okungeyushaywa kungeyushaywa
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngishaywe ngingashaywa
2nd singular ushaywe ungashaywa
1st plural sishaywe singashaywa
2nd plural nishaywe ningashaywa
Class 1 ashaywe angashaywa
Class 2 bashaywe bangashaywa
Class 3 ushaywe ungashaywa
Class 4 ishaywe ingashaywa
Class 5 lishaywe lingashaywa
Class 6 ashaywe angashaywa
Class 7 sishaywe singashaywa
Class 8 zishaywe zingashaywa
Class 9 ishaywe ingashaywa
Class 10 zishaywe zingashaywa
Class 11 lushaywe lungashaywa
Class 14 bushaywe bungashaywa
Class 15 kushaywe kungashaywa
Class 17 kushaywe kungashaywa
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngashaywa ngangashaywa, angashaywa, angangashaywa
2nd singular washaywa wangashaywa, awashaywa, awangashaywa
1st plural sashaywa sangashaywa, asashaywa, asangashaywa
2nd plural nashaywa nangashaywa, anashaywa, anangashaywa
Class 1 washaywa wangashaywa, akashaywa, akangashaywa
Class 2 bashaywa bangashaywa, abashaywa, abangashaywa
Class 3 washaywa wangashaywa, awashaywa, awangashaywa
Class 4 yashaywa yangashaywa, ayashaywa, ayangashaywa
Class 5 lashaywa langashaywa, alashaywa, alangashaywa
Class 6 ashaywa angashaywa, awashaywa, awangashaywa
Class 7 sashaywa sangashaywa, asashaywa, asangashaywa
Class 8 zashaywa zangashaywa, azashaywa, azangashaywa
Class 9 yashaywa yangashaywa, ayashaywa, ayangashaywa
Class 10 zashaywa zangashaywa, azashaywa, azangashaywa
Class 11 lwashaywa lwangashaywa, alwashaywa, alwangashaywa
Class 14 bashaywa bangashaywa, abashaywa, abangashaywa
Class 15 kwashaywa kwangashaywa, akwashaywa, akwangashaywa
Class 17 kwashaywa kwangashaywa, akwashaywa, akwangashaywa

References
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