sclareia

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From earlier hastula rēgia (“asphodel plant”) via loss of /h/, aphaeresis of the first /a/, syncope of /u/, dissimilation of /tl/ to /kl/, and merger of intervocalic /ɡj/ with /j/ (not necessarily all in that order). Attested in an appendix to Gargilius (which may represent a late interpolation) as well as a variety of ninth-century works.[1] The semantic change may be due to the resemblance of the floral spikes of the clary sage to those of the asphodel.[2]

Noun

sclarēia f (genitive sclarēiae); first declension

  1. (Late Latin?, Medieval Latin) clary sage

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative sclarēia sclarēiae
Genitive sclarēiae sclarēiārum
Dative sclarēiae sclarēiīs
Accusative sclarēiam sclarēiās
Ablative sclarēiā sclarēiīs
Vocative sclarēia sclarēiae

Derived terms
  • Salvia sclarēa (New Latin)

Descendants
  • Italo-Western Romance:
    • Italian: scarleggia (archaic), schiarea, scarlea ⇒ sclarea (metathesis, perhaps via Latin influence, or simply borrowed from Latin)
    • Lombard: scarleza, sclareza
    • Venetian: scarlegia, scarleza
  • Insular Romance:
    • Sardinian: iscrareja (Nuorese), usciareu (Logudorese), scraria (Campidanese)
  • → French: sclarée
  • →? Old French: sclaree
    • → Middle English: clarie
  • → Proto-West Germanic: *skarlejā, *skaralejā
  • → Proto-West Germanic: *sklaregā
  • → Portuguese: esclarea
  • → Spanish: esclarea

References
  1. Thomas, Antoine. 1907. Latin sclareia. In Revue de philologie, de littérature et d'histoire anciennes 31. 199–201
  2. “clary”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
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