quả nhân

Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 寡人, composed of 寡 (“lonesome”) and 人 (“person”).

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [kwaː˧˩ ɲən˧˧]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [kwaː˧˨ ɲəŋ˧˧]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [waː˨˩˦ ɲəŋ˧˧]

Pronoun

quả nhân

(Chinese fiction, humble, by an East Asian monarch) I/me
- late 4th century BCE, Zuozhuan; 2020, Vietnamese translation by Huỳnh Chương Hưng[1]
  Xin ông phụng sự Dữ Di làm chủ xã tắc, quả nhân có chết cũng chẳng hối hận gì
  Prithee, serve Yuyi as he'll rule the altars and the state, then I, though dead, will have no regret.
- late 4th century BCE, Mencius; Vietnamese translation by Nguyễn Hiến Lê; English translation by A.C. Muller
  Như quả nhân đây có thể bảo hộ dân chúng được chăng?
  “Is someone like me capable of taking care of the people?”

See also

References

Huỳnh Chương Hưng (2020) "Dịch thuật: Hoàng đế cổ đại tại sao tự xưng 'quả nhân', 'trẫm', 'cô'? (Translation: Why did ancient emperors call themselves 'guǎrén', 'zhèn', 'gū'?)" of 2013 Chinese original in 《趣味文化知识大全》 Great Encyclopædia of Interesting Cultural Knowledge. chuonghung.com

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